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排序方式: 共有915条查询结果,搜索用时 9 毫秒
1.
Tatsuya Hanaoka Hisashi Ishitani Ryuji Matsuhashi Yoshikuni Yoshida 《Applied Energy》2002,72(3-4):705-721
The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential for recovering fluorocarbons as measures for the abatement of global warming. In this study, we focused on the three different kinds of fluorocarbons: CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs, and targeted refrigerant use because of the availability of relevant data. We first estimated future fluorocarbon emissions from the targeted appliances; we next compared those emissions in the units of CO2 equivalent to the level of CO2 emissions in 1990 from a quantitative point of view. As the result of this study, it was found that fluorocarbon emissions in 1999 and 2010 would be equal to approximately 7 and 3% of the level of CO2 emissions in 1990 respectively. Moreover, if we implement a 100% recovery rate in every recovery route, we can reduce a large amount of emissions which correspond to approximately 2–5% of the level of CO2 emissions in 1990, even if we take into account the energy-related CO2 emissions by the transportation and decomposition of fluorocarbons. 相似文献
2.
Yuji Oie Tatsuya Suda Masayuki Murata Hideo Miyahara 《International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking》1991,9(5):285-303
One of the most promising approaches for high speed networks for integrated service applications is fast packet switching, or ATM (asynchronous transfer mode). ATM can be characterized by very high speed transmission links and simple, hard-wired protocols within a network. To match the transmission speed of the network links, and to minimize the overhead due to the processing of network protocols, the switching of cells is done in hardware switching fabrics in ATM networks. A number of designs have been proposed for implementing ATM switches. Although many differences exist among the proposals, the vast majority of them are based on self-routeing multistage interconnection networks. This is because of the desirable features of multi-stage interconnection networks such as self-routeing capability and suitability for VLSI implementation. Existing ATM switch architectures can be classified into two major classes: blocking switches, where blockings of cells may occur within a switch when more than one cell contends for the same internal link, and non-blocking switches, where no internal blocking occurs. A large number of techniques have also been proposed to improve the performance of blocking and non-blocking switches. In this paper, we present an extensive survey of the existing proposals for ATM switch architectures, focusing on their performance issues. 相似文献
3.
Color‐vision deficiency is a relatively common genetic condition, which often leads to the obstruction of necessary information in colored images. It is important to minimize such inconvenient effects in communication using colored images from a universal design perspective. The universal design principle stipulates that all environments and products should be usable by all people, regardless of age, physical attributes, and ability. This article proposes a method to detect color combinations in a given image that would confuse color dichromats, and suggests a way in which to modify them to make the image easily distinguishable for both normal and dichromatic observers. Confusing color combinations were detected based on a color‐difference calculation using simulations of how the color would appear to dichromats. The confusing colors were then modified based on the minimization of an evaluation function, which was defined as the sum of the degree of confusion and the degree of color change from the original image. Several colored images obtained by the proposed method were compared with the originals by red–green dichromatic observers who judged them to be clearer, thereby confirming that the proposed method was effective for color rendering for universal design. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 33, 203–211, 2008 相似文献
4.
Harumi Yokokawa Tatsuya Kawada Masayuki Dokiya 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1989,72(1):152-153
It has been found that the enthalpy of formation of perovskite compounds, Δf H° (ABO3 , B = transition metais), from binary oxides can be well characterized in terms the tolerance factor, t≡(rA + ro )√2 (rB + ro ), where rA and rB are the radii of A-site ions with 12-coordination and B-site ions with 6-coordination, respectively, and Δf H°=−168 + 270(1 − t) kJ·mol−1 for AI BV O3 , Δf H°=−125 + 1000(1 − t) kJ·mol−1 for AII BIV O3 , and Δf H°=− 90 + 720(1 − t) kJ·mol−1 for AIII BIII O3 . Although the thermodynamic data of K2 NiF4 compounds are not extensive, a similar regularity can be found when use is made of the radii of A-site ions with 9-coordination for the K2 NiF4 compounds. These correlations will be quite useful in predicting. 相似文献
5.
High oleic acid oil suppresses lung tumorigenesis in mice through the modulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascade 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yamaki T Yano T Satoh H Endo T Matsuyama C Kumagai H Miyahara M Sakurai H Pokorny J Shin SJ Hagiwara K 《Lipids》2002,37(8):783-788
This study was undertaken to estimate the effect of dietary high oleic acid oil (OA) on 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
(NNK)-induced lung tumorigenesis in mice. Diet containing 10% oil was fed to mice through experimental periods. On day 30
after NNK injection (100 mg/kg body weight, i.p.), the treatment increased the level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as well as proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a marker of cell proliferation in a high linoleic acid oil (LA)-fed group
but not in an OA-fed group. The NNK treatment also induced the activation of an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)
cascade (Erk, Mek and Raf-1) in an LA-fed group. On the other hand, OA feeding abolished the NNK-induced activation of the
Erk cascade. In conjugation with these events, OA feeding reduced lung tumor incidence and tumor multiplicity (percentage
of mice with tumors) in mice compared with LA feeding at the 20th experimental week. These results suggest that OA suppresses
lung tumorigenesis and that this suppression is correlated with the inhibition of PGE2 production and inactivation of the Erk cascade. 相似文献
6.
Masaru Takahashi Noriyuki Inoue Tatsuya Takeguchi Shinji Iwamoto Masashi Inoue Tsunenori Watanabe 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2006,89(7):2158-2166
The reaction of mixtures of aluminum isopropoxide and gallium acetylacetonate in 1,4-butanediol or 1,5-pentanediol at high temperatures (glycothermal reaction) directly gave the γ-Ga2 O3 –Al2 O3 solid solutions, which had high catalytic activities for selective reduction of NO using methane as the reducing agent. However, the reaction with a higher Al/(Ga+Al) charged ratio yielded the glycol derivative of boehmite as a by-product and the catalytic activity of the solid solution decreased. Therefore, synthesis of the solid solution using various glycols was examined and it was found that solid solutions with high Al contents without contamination of the glycol derivative of boehmite were obtained by using 1,6-hexanediol as a reaction medium. The solid solution exhibited a higher NO conversion than that synthesized in other glycols. 相似文献
7.
Tatsuya Kodama Ken-ichi Tominaga Masahiro Tabata Takashi Yoshida Yutaka Tamaura 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1992,75(5):1287-1289
Active wustite (FeδO, with a δ value of 0.98) was prepared by keeping normal wustite (δ value of 0.94) in a N2 atmosphere at 300°C for 10 min. This reaction is given by (4δ2 –3)Feδ1 O→(4δ1 –3)Feδ2 O + (δ2 –δ1 )Fe3 O4 where δ1 = 0.94 and δ2 = 0.98. The equation indicates that the normal wustite undergoes eutectoid decomposition into active wustite and stoichiometric magnetite (Fe3 O4 ). Carbon dioxide (1.013 × 105 Pa) was almost completely (100%) decomposed into carbon (zero valence) by the active wustite at the low temperature of 300°C, which was associated with the transformation of the active wustite into the stoichiometric magnetite. The internal pressure of the reaction cell eventually became a vacuum. 相似文献
8.
Hiroki Matsuo Tatsuya Murakami Junichiro Otomo 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(11):5740-5749
In proton-conducting oxides, analyses for their electronic structure contribute to the understanding of interactions between defects in them. In this study, electronic band alignment of (1−x)BaZr0.8Y0.2O3−δ(BZY)–xSrZr0.95Y0.05O3−δ(SZY) proton-conducting solid-solution system (BSZY) which has high defect concentration and the deep valence band is experimentally investigated. By using thin-film specimens for optical absorption measurements, absorption edges derived from electron transition from the valence band to the conduction band which was insensitive to the proton incorporation were clearly observed in spite of the high defect concentration. The obtained optical band gap energy increased from 5.61 to 5.89 eV with increasing x, which was consistent with a composition dependence of Zr(Y)O6 octahedral tilting. Ultraviolet photon-yield spectroscopy (UV-PYS) measurements under vacuum condition revealed that BZY and SZY had ionization energy of 6.98 and 7.31 eV, respectively, and thus the absolute energy levels of the valence band maximum and the conduction band minimum of BSZY were experimentally clarified. We propose that the combination of the optical absorption measurements using thin-film specimens and the UV-PYS measurements under vacuum condition is effective in evaluating fundamental electronic structures of proton-conducting oxides. 相似文献
9.
In monitoring flows at routers for flow analysis or deep packet inspection, the monitor calculates hash values from the flow ID of each packet arriving at the input port of the router. Therefore, the monitors must update the flow table at the transmission line rate, so high-speed and high-cost memory, such as SRAM, is used for the flow table. This requires the monitors to limit the monitoring target to just some of the flows. However, if the monitors randomly select the monitoring targets, multiple routers on the route will sometimes monitor the same flow, or no monitors will monitor a flow. To maximize the number of monitored flows in the entire network, the monitors must select the monitoring targets while maintaining a balanced load among them. We propose an autonomous load-balancing method where monitors exchange information on monitor load only with adjacent monitors. Numerical evaluations using the actual traffic matrix of Internet2 show that the proposed method improves the total monitored flow count by about 50% compared with that of independent sampling. Moreover, we evaluate the load-balancing effect on 36 backbone networks of commercial ISPs. 相似文献
10.
Zihan Ma Xiaofei Lu Sunghyun Park Tatsuya Shinagawa Masashi Okubo Kazuhiro Takanabe Atsuo Yamada 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(25):2214466
Hydrogen is a promising alternative to fossil fuels that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Decoupled water electrolysis system using a reversible proton storage redox mediator, where the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction are separated in time and space, is an effective approach to producing hydrogen gas with high purity, high flexibility, and low cost. To realize fast hydrogen production in such a system, a redox mediator capable of releasing protons rapidly is required. Herein, α-MoO3, with an ultrafast proton transfer property that can be explained by a dense hydrogen bond network in the lattice oxygen arrays of HxMoO3, is examined as a high-rate redox mediator for fast hydrogen production in acidic electrolytes. The α-MoO3 redox mediator shows both a large capacity of 204 mAh g−1 and fast hydrogen production at a current rate of 10 A cm−2(≈153 A g−1), outperforming most of the previously reported solid-state redox mediators. 相似文献