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排序方式: 共有114条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
N Nishioka T Kawabata KH Minagawa M Nakamura A Oshima Y Mochizuki 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,43(6):434-445
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effect of a smoking prevention program for Japanese elementary school-children in the fifth and sixth grades. The program was developed with concepts found in the Know Your Body Program and the conclusions of a National Cancer Institute-convened Expert Advisory Panel, and focused on teaching about the short-term effects of smoking and on resistance to social pressures to smoke. The study was conducted with a quasi-experimental design. An intervention group (52 boys and 54 girls) received three sessions for both the fifth grade in 1992 and the sixth grade in 1993. Moreover, the intervention group received a pre-test before the first session and a post-test after the third session in each grade. A comparison group (102 boys and 91 girls) received the same tests at the same time as the intervention group, but did not receive any program on smoking prevention. The short-term effect of the program were evaluated using the results of the pre-test in the fifth grade and of the post-test in the sixth grade in both groups. The results were as follows: 1) Remarkable short-term effects of the intervention were seen in respect to awareness of the importance of not smoking in girls, and also in the knowledge of the short-term effects of smoking in both sexes. 2) The intervention was not effective with respect to intention to smoke at the age of 20 and self-efficacy of refusing to smoke in both sexes. 3) The short-term effects were not clear in the smoking behavior in both sexes because the rates of ever smokers and of monthly smokers were almost the same for two years between the intervention group and the comparison group. 4) The smoking behaviors of children, their parents and their best friends had little influence on the results of the post-test in the sixth grade. 相似文献
2.
PURPOSE: To determine the potential benefits of applying laparoscopic techniques for the intraabdominal insertion of aortofemoral grafts and to compare results with those of conventional surgery. METHODS: Having previously demonstrated the feasibility of a totally laparoscopic aortofemoral bypass technique using carbon dioxide peritoneal insufflation in a porcine model, we now report our first human experience with this laparoscopic technique in a 49-year-old man. RESULTS: The patient's postoperative course was marked by his minimal requirements for analgesia, early ambulation, and discharge from the hospital in the morning of the third postoperative day. CONCLUSIONS: The benefits of a laparoscopic approach to aortobifemoral bypass grafting in terms of financial savings and earlier rehabilitation in this patient was significant. This less-invasive procedure warrants further investigation. 相似文献
3.
Kojima Shuichi; Takagi Nobuyuki; Minagawa Tetsuya; Fushimi Noriko; Miura Kin-ichiro 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1999,12(10):857-862
We have previously shown that replacing the P1-site residue(Ala) of chicken ovomucoid domain 3 (OMCHI3) with a Met or Lysresults in the acquisition of inhibitory activity toward chymotrypsinor trypsin, respectively. However, the inhibitory activitiesthus induced are not strong. In the present study, we introducedadditional amino acid replacements around the reactive siteto try to make the P1-site mutants more effective inhibitorsof chymotrypsin or trypsin. The amino acid replacement AspTyrat the P2' site of OMCHI3(P1Met) resulted in conversion to a35000-fold more effective inhibitor of chymotrypsin with aninhibitor constant (Ki) of 1.17x1011 M. The Ki valueof OMCHI3(P1Met, P2'Ala) indicated that the effect on the interactionwith chymotrypsin of removing a negative charge from the P2'site was greater than that of introducing an aromatic ring.Similarly, enhanced inhibition of trypsin was observed whenthe AspTyr replacement was introduced into the P2' site of OMCHI3(P1Lys).Two additional replacements, AspAla at the P4 site and ArgAlaat the P3' site, made the mutant a more effective inhibitorof trypsin with a Ki value of 1.44x109 M. By contrast,ArgAla replacement at the P3' site of OMCHI3(P1Met, P2'Tyr)resulted in a greatly reduced inhibition of chymotrypsin, andAspAla replacement at the P4 site produced only a small changewhen compared with a natural variant of OMCHI3. These resultsclearly indicate that not only the P1-site residue but alsothe characteristics, particularly the electrostatic properties,of the amino acid residues around the reactive site of the proteaseinhibitor determine the strength of its interactions with proteases.Furthermore, amino acids with different characteristics arerequired around the reactive site for strong inhibition of chymotrypsinand trypsin. 相似文献
4.
Weidong Ding Ryota Hayashi Kohei Ochi Junya Suehiro Kiminobu Imasaka Masanori Hara Noriaki Sano Eiichi Nagao Tadao Minagawa 《Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, IEEE Transactions on》2006,13(6):1200-1207
Chemical byproducts analysis has been recognized as a powerful diagnosis method for SF6 gas-insulated switchgear (GIS). The authors have previously demonstrated that a carbon nanotube (CNT) gas sensor could detect partial discharge (PD) generated in SF6 gas. However, PD-generated decomposition gas species, which were responsible for the CNT gas sensor response, have not been identified yet. In this paper, two kinds of experiments were conducted in order to identify the responsible decomposition gas species. At first, the decomposition gas molecules adsorbed on CNTs were analyzed by Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR absorbance was observed around 735 cm-1 after CNTs were exposed to PD generated in SF6. In the second experiment, the CNT gas sensor responses to typical SF6 decomposition products (HF and SF4) were examined. The CNT gas sensor responded to these gases in the same way as to PD generated in SF6. SF4 response was larger than HF response. Based on these results, SF 4 and SOF2 emerged as candidates for the responsible decomposition gases. Electrochemical interactions between adsorbed gas molecules and CNT were discussed based on theoretical predictions of molecular orbital calculations. The calculation results suggested that both of SOF2 and SF4 could increase the CNT gas sensor conductance 相似文献
5.
Toshihiko Takaya Hidenori Kawamura Yoshihiro Minagawa Masahito Yamamoto Azuma Ohuchi 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2006,10(2):177-184
Blimp robots are attractive as indoor flying robots because they can float in the air, land safely with low energy, and stay
in motion for a long time compared with other flying robots. However, controlling blimp robots is difficult because they have
nonlinear characteristics, are influenced by air streams, and can easily be influenced by inertia. Therefore, a robust and
adaptive control system is needed for blimp robots. The applied research that has studied the features of indoor flying robots
in recent years has prospered. Operating an indoor blimp robot for a long time is difficult because the payload is small,
multiple batteries cannot be stacked, and the design of a thruster that gives freedom to the entire blimp robot is difficult.
Therefore, an autonomous charge that allows operation for a long time is needed. We have developed a method of landing with
orbital control of the charge point that gives autonomy to a blimp robot. The possibility of landing with orbital control
is shown.
This work was presented in part at the 10th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, February
4–6, 2005
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
6.
The restriction of gelatinization of the legume starches, which were isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris species, was studied in terms of enzymatic digestion, light microscopic observation, measurements of X-ray diffraction, viscosity, swelling power and solubility, when the legume starch slurries were heated in step by step manner at a given rate from moderate temperature up to 90°C. Three legume starches tested showed a remarkable restriction of gelatinization, although these phenomena were not always observed in the legume starch slurry alone. Such restriction of gelatinization, however, was not observed in the waxy starch or starches which contain few amylose fractions. The formation of starch-lipid complex was ruled out as a cause because the defat treatment did not reduce the restricted gelatinization of legume starch and high amylose corn starch. From the data presented, it was suggested that physical modification of starch slurry containing amylose fraction induced the hysteretic, mutual alteration of the starch macromolecules. 相似文献
7.
The amount of tensile strain introduced into QWs and the optimum QW structure are evaluated for low-threshold operation of AlGaInP LDs in the wavelength range 630-640 nm. Very low threshold current of 32 mA under CW operation at 20 degrees C is achieved in an index-guided SQW LD emitting at 632 nm.<> 相似文献
8.
The bandgap of Ga/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P grown by metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy increases as the substrate is inclined away from the 相似文献
9.
Summary Multi-step precipitation separation system was developed by using aqueous mixtures of some thermosensitive polymers. The following
three polymers were used here; poly(N-n-propylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), and poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide). A mixture of the three polymers showed three endothermic peaks, and the peak top temperatures were
almost consistent with that of the each polymer solution. The polymers were purified by thermal precipitation to obtain fractions
which can respond in narrow temperature ranges prior to use. In the case of the precipitation separation of two polymers mixtures,
purities of the obtained precipitate and supernatant fractions became high comparing with the case in which the unpurified
polymers were used. Parts of the polymers which were not the precipitation targets were also precipitated by the separation
procedures. This was caused not only by insolubilization of the non-targeted polymers due to their phase transitions but also
by their non-specific entanglement with the targeted polymers. The purities of the fractions also improved when the difference
of the phase transition temperature between two polymers was large enough to avoid the coprecipitation. In the case of the
precipitation separation of mixtures of the three polymers, purities of each fraction also improved when the purified polymers
were used. 相似文献
10.
H Minagawa Y Liu T Yoshida Y Hidaka Y Toh R Mori 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,41(7):545-551
A clinical isolate of herpes simplex virus 1 (TN-1) from a stromal keratitis patient was found to be defective in the glycoprotein C (gC) gene (UL44), thus resulting in the production of truncated gC upon infection. To study the pathogenetic role of truncated gC, we prepared a recombinant LTN-8 derived from TN-1 with deletions of the 1.5 kilobase pairs of the gC gene including the initiation codon. A penetration assay revealed LTN-8 to be less efficient in its penetration ability than TN-1, the laboratory strain KOS and RTN-1-20-3, a recombinant derived from TN-1 with the KOS gC gene. The penetration of LTN-8 was facilitated by the addition of TN-1-infected culture medium. TN-1 virus preparations had no hemagglutinating activity. However, the animals infected with TN-1 did develop hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies. The LTN-8-infected animals did not develop HI antibodies. The pathogenicity in BALB/c mice following either corneal, intraperitoneal or intracerebral inoculation did not significantly differ among TN-1, RTN-1-20-3 or LTN-8. Our results indicate that truncated gC was sufficient for the induction of HI antibodies and was also able to facilitate penetration in vitro. Although truncated gC might be a virulence factor acting as a decoy, both truncated gC and intact gC had little effect on the outcome following intracerebral, intraperitoneal or corneal inoculation. 相似文献