纯镍材料焊接工艺优化

1　引言纯镍是在工业生产中各种苛刻腐蚀环境下采用的金属材料。鉴于石油化工生产过程中高温、高压和介质强腐蚀性的特点 ,石油化工装置设备选材的要求很高 ,烧碱装置的关键设备碱蒸发器就是采用纯镍制造的。我国石化行业烧碱装置的碱蒸发器过去基本是随装置从国外引进的 ,近年来 ,该设备已初步进行国产化。由于碱蒸发器的制造涉及到纯镍材料的焊接 ,因此 ,如何对纯镍材料进行焊接工艺优化 ,成为保证设备制造质量的关键。由于纯镍材料本身固有的物理、化学特性 ,在焊接过程中极易出现裂纹、气孔及晶粒粗大等缺陷 ,严重影响到设备的制造质量…     

利用抽余碳五馏份制备TAME

探索了以抽余Ｃ５为原料经与甲醇醚化制ＴＡＭＥ的过程。试验表明，在国产催化剂Ｄ５４型大孔阳离子交换树脂存在下，在反应温度６０℃、ＬＨＳＶ２．４ｈ－１、甲醇／异戊烯物质的量比１．００、反应压力０．２ＭＰａ的条件下，抽余Ｃ５中的异戊烯可与甲醇反应生成醚，异戊烯的转化率达６３．２６％，ＴＡＭＥ的选择性可达９９．６１％。     

Effect of different carbon fillers on the properties of PP composites: Comparison of carbon black with multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Polypropylene (PP)/carbon composites were prepared via melt blending PP with carbon fillers, including multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and carbon black (CB). Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy was used to research the morphology and dispersion of fillers in the PP matrix. The electrical properties, mechanical properties, and crystallization behaviors of PP/carbon composites were also investigated. The results show that the influence of MWNTs on the properties of PP composites is different with CB, which can be ascribed to the structure and aspect ratio difference between MWNTs and CB. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:4823–4830, 2006     

用水量对胶凝砂砾石抗压强度的影响

胶凝砂砾石材料是一新型筑坝材料,拥有广阔的发展前景。用水量是影响胶凝砂砾石强度的重要因素。通过抗压强度试验分析用水量对胶凝砂砾石抗压强度的影响,得出:最优用水量随胶凝材料掺量的增大而增大,随砂率的增大而增大,最优用水量为85~125 kg/m~3;最优水胶比随胶凝材料用量的增加而减小,随龄期的增加呈减小的趋势,最优水胶比为0.95~1.35。用水量对抗压强度的影响仅次于水泥用量,在施工过程中,应将其作为胶凝砂砾石材料的一项重要参数来控制,以保证胶凝砂砾石材料的性能。     

Valence-induced effects on the electrical properties of NiMn2O4 ceramics with different Ni sources

Spinel-structured NiMn₂O₄ ceramics, with different valence Ni sources, were originally prepared using Ni₂O₃ and NiO as raw materials, and the effects of different valence Ni sources on their electrical properties were first investigated. XRD patterns show that both Ni₂O₃-based and NiO-based NiMn₂O₄ ceramics are single cubic spinel structures. SEM/EDS images indicate that the NiMn₂O₄ ceramics exhibited high density at the experiment-determined sintering temperatures. XPS results and Raman drifts prove that the Ni valence-induced changes in Mn ions at B sites played a significant role in the electrical properties and thermal stability of NiMn₂O₄ ceramics. Compared with NiO-based NiMn₂O₄, the resistivity at 25°C (ρ_25°C) of Ni₂O₃-based NiMn₂O₄ increased dramatically from 3109 to 106958 Ω cm, the thermal constant (B_25/50) increased from 3264 to 4473 K, and the resistance shifts after annealing for 1000 h at 150°C decreased from 0.80% to 0.74%. The investigation of the relationship between the material properties and valence of Ni sources has provided a new and effective way for designing the spinel-structured negative temperature coefficient (NTC) materials by modulating the valence of ions at A sites in the raw materials.     

基于智能切换的多变量复合控制的仿真研究

对于相互间存在耦合作用的非线性多变量系统,运用具有智能开关的模糊-PID复合控制器对多变量系统进行摔制,并利用Matlab／Simulirlk进行仿真。结果表明,该方法较好地实现了模糊控制器和PID控制器之间的软切换并且消除了系统的耦合作用,消除了常规多变量系统切换点的衰减振荡。     

浅谈气象电子屏的建设与推广

本文通过作者阐述与分析了气象电子屏的应用现状.并对气象电子屏的建设和推广进行了详细的分析.气象电子屏作为新型的气象服务手段,能短时间内将气象信息快速传播,有效解决了气象信息发布"最后1公里"难题,将会大大提高社会防灾减灾的能力,产生较大的社会效益.并在气象科技服务中发挥积极的促进作用.     

应力-强度模型可靠性评估的仿真分析

在应力－强度干涉模型中,当应力、强度均服从正态分布,且分布参数未知的情况下,讨论了给定验前分布情况下的可靠性Ｂａｙｅｓ精确下限,同时给出了无验前信息时的可靠性Ｂａｙｅｓ精确下限。鉴于精确限计算的性,给出了应力－强度模型可靠性下限的近似计算方法,同时给出了可靠性的近似分布,最后,利用Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ方法分析了近似算法的精度。     

多核体系下的并行任务构建

基于多核体系下的系统运行效率越来越受到各行业的关注,一个系统往往是由若干软件子模块构成的.一个完整的系统可以由Tomcat,Httpd以及Lucene这3个软件模块构成.这些软件本身均进行了一定的优化,各自运行效率都良好,可是如果将它们整合成一个系统,其效率的提高仍需要从整体多方面考虑.从不同软件的子任务之间的关系入手,通过分析它们的特点,提出苦干提高整体性能的方案.研究贡献在于以下3个方面:1)线程间同步操作的消除;2)通过多任务重排提高并行度;3)系统调用的单线程化.结果表明系统整体性能得到了提高,同时,每个子任务完成的功能更加清晰明了.     

Effects of Lanthanum on Bone Resorbing Activity of Rabbit Mature Osteoclasts Co-Cultured with Osteoblasts

The effects of lanthanum (Ⅲ) on the bone resorbing activity of rabbit mature osteoclasts (OCs) in the presence of osteoblasts (OBs) were studied in vitro by measuring the number and area of absorption pits. La(Ⅲ) at concentrations ranging from 1.00×10-5 to 1.00×10-8 mol·L-1 show no effect on mature OC number (P＞0.05). In the OC-OB co-culture systems without La(Ⅲ), osteoblasts alone did not influence the pit number and area whether the two kinds of cells were in contact or not (P＞0.05). Under the OC-OB not-in-contact condition, the effect of La(Ⅲ) on the bone-resorbing activity of OCs was similar to that of La(Ⅲ) in the absence of OBs (P＞0.05). However, while OCs were in direct contact with OBs, the inhibitory effects of La(Ⅲ) on OCs' bone-resorbing activity decreased at the concentrations of 1.00×10-5, 1.00×10-6 and 1.00×10-7 mol·L-1, and the promotion effects increased at 1.00×10-8 mol·L-1 (P＜0.05). The results suggest that direct cell-cell contact between OC and OB be essential for OBs to play their role in regulating the response of OCs to La(Ⅲ).