荷EL4肿瘤小鼠模型的建立及美法仑抑瘤作用免疫机制的探讨

目的:建立荷小鼠淋巴瘤EL4的野生型C57BL/6小鼠及其裸鼠模型,探讨美法仑(melphalan)抑瘤作用的免疫机制。方法:给正常野生型C57BL/6小鼠皮下接种小鼠淋巴瘤EL4细胞,建立荷EL4肿瘤的小鼠模型。于野生型C57BL/6小鼠皮下接种瘤细胞后12d,经腹腔给荷瘤小鼠单次注射不同剂量的美法仑,找出美法仑可发挥最大的抑瘤作用,并能致使肿瘤消退、不再复发的最小使用剂量。然后再给野生型C57BL/6小鼠及其裸鼠(遗传背景相同)皮下同时接种小鼠淋巴瘤EL4细胞建立两种荷瘤小鼠模型。同样于接种瘤细胞后12d,经腹腔给两种荷瘤小鼠模型均注射可使野生型C57BL/6小鼠肿瘤消退、不再复发的最低剂量的美法仑,以正常野生型C57BL/6小鼠为对照,观察在T淋巴细胞缺陷的裸鼠体内美法仑的抑瘤作用。结果:注射7.5mg/kg美法仑治疗后,免疫功能正常的野生型C57BL/6荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤消退;而荷瘤C57BL/6裸鼠的肿瘤仍继续生长。结论:单一剂量的美法仑对荷淋巴瘤EL4小鼠具有明显的治疗作用,其作用的发挥需要T淋巴细胞的参与,可能与T细胞的杀伤作用有关。     

龙蛇羊泉汤治疗小鼠膀胱癌作用机制的实验研究

目的 :探讨龙蛇羊泉汤对BTT739荷瘤膀胱癌小鼠的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法 :BTT739肿瘤细胞接种T739小鼠 ,随机分组 ,①对照组 :每日灌胃生理盐水 0 .15ml2次 ;②龙蛇羊泉汤组 :每日 2次龙蛇羊泉汤灌胃0 .15ml;③MMC组每日 1次腹腔给药 1mg/kg ;应用电镜 ,流式细胞分析技术检测细胞凋亡 ;测定龙蛇羊泉汤对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率 ,荷瘤生存时间 ,腹腔巨噬细胞活性。结果 :龙蛇羊泉汤组小鼠肿瘤组织电镜下可见特征性凋亡细胞的出现 ,流式细胞仪检测出在G1期前出现凋亡峰 ;龙蛇羊泉汤组小鼠的抑瘤率为 30 .5 % ,荷瘤生存时间为2 8.7天 ,小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率为 30 %。结论 :在本实验条件下 ,龙蛇羊泉汤可以直接抑制小鼠膀胱肿瘤生长 ,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡可能是龙蛇羊泉汤抑制肿瘤细胞生长的重要信息传导途径。     

十全大补汤对荷膀胱癌小鼠大剂量化疗的减毒增效作用

Objective To investigate the toxicity attenuation and efficacy potentiation effects of Shiquan Dabu Tang (SDT) on high dose chemotherapy in T739 mice with bladder carcinoma. Methods Mouse bladder carcinoma tissue was inoculated subcutaneously into T739 mice to establish tumor-beating mice model. The tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into a CTX group (100, 200, 400 mg/Kg respectively), a SDT group (high or low dose respectively), a high-dose SDT combined with 200 mg/Kg CTX group and a control group. The body weight, diameter of tumor nodules and complete blood count were observed subsequently. Results Different doses of SDT could effectively inhibit tumor growth in mice. SDT + CTX treatment significantly prolonged the survival time of mice by 49.4±23.3 days (P<0.01, 0.05, 0.01), compared with high dose SDT treatment (17.4±5.77) days, 200 mg/kg CTX treatment (23±14.02) days and control group (11.75±2.06) days respectively. The peripheral platelet count increased more significantly in mice treated with SDT within a week as compared to mice without SDT treatment (P<0.05). The peripheral RBC count and liB concentration increased more significantly in mice treated with SDT for 2 weeks as compared to mice without SDT treatment (P<0.05). Conclusions SDT could enhance the anti-tumor effects of high dose CTX on tumor-bearing mice and reduce toxicity in its peripheral red blood cells. The results showed that SDT combined with high dose of CTX chemotherapy had toxicity attenuation and efficacy potentiation effects in tumor-beating T739 mice.     

大剂量顺铂所致大鼠急性肾损害过程中血浆内皮素-1与肾功能变化的关系

[目的]研究大剂量顺铂（cisplatin,DDP）所致大鼠急性肾功能衰竭过程中血浆内皮素（ET-1）与肾功能变化的关系。[方法]SD大鼠24只,依体重随机分为DDP用药后3、6、48h组和NS对照组,每组6只。10mg／kg DDP单次腹腔内注射,等量生理盐水对照。随后观察并记录用药后大鼠的体重、血浆尿素氮和肌酐浓度、血浆ET-1含量、肾系数等变化。[结果]大剂量DDP用药后6h大鼠体重明显降低;用药后48h大鼠血浆尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cre）明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）,出现肾功能衰竭;用药后72h66％的大鼠死亡。大剂量DDP用药后6h,大鼠肾系数为11．3±1．2,与对照组9．0±0．8比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。大剂量DDP用药后3h大鼠血浆ET-1升至（213．68±28．3）ng／mL,与对照组（157．45±27．7）ng／mL比较差异具有显著性意义（P〈0．01）,DDP用药72h后存活大鼠血浆ET-1亦明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。[结论]大剂量DDP所致的急性肾功能衰竭与血浆ET-1浓度的变化有关,但大鼠肾功能的变化与血浆ET-1的变化不一致,提示ET-1可能在DDP所致肾毒性损伤早期的发病机制中发挥重要作用。     

胶质母细胞瘤的治疗策略

胶质母细胞瘤（glioblastoma multiforme,GBM）是一种破坏性极强、难以治愈的神经系统肿瘤。临床治疗以手术切除为主,并结合放疗、化疗及电场治疗等多种治疗手段。但GBM侵袭性强、手术难以彻底根除,故患者预后差、死亡率居高不下。因此,延长患者生存时间并提升其生存质量一直是GBM治疗的重要目标。本文将基于GBM治疗策略加以探讨。     

超声时间与药材粒度对超声法提取槐花米中芦丁的影响

[目的]研究超声时间及药材粉碎粒度对超声法提取芦丁产率的影响,从而提高芦丁的提取效率。[方法]将不同粉碎粒度的槐花米粉末溶于碱液,超声提取不同时间后,检测不同时间点及不同粉碎粒度药材的芦丁产率,探索超声时间及粉碎粒度对芦丁提取产率的影响。[结果]粉碎至不同粒度的槐花米粉末,超声提取后所得芦丁产率在一定时间范围内均与超声时间正相关,而后呈平台趋势,在本实验条件下,采用3号筛的槐花米粉未超声5min后即达到较高提取产率16．46％。[结论]药材粉碎粒度及超声时间对芦丁提取效率有着明显影响,超声辅助提取法较传统的碱提酸沉法具有流程短、效率高及成本低等优点。     

美法仑治愈荷瘤小鼠的过程与TNFα的关系

目的探讨单一剂量的美法仑治愈荷瘤野生型C57BL/6小鼠的过程与肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)的关系。方法以3种遗传背景相同、肿瘤坏死因子受体1(TNFR1)基因型不同的TNFR1 / 、TNFR1 /-和TNFR1-/-C57BL/6小鼠为实验动物,皮下接种数量相同的小鼠淋巴瘤EL4细胞。接种瘤细胞后12d,给基因型不同的各组荷瘤小鼠腹腔内单次注射7.5mg/kg的美法仑。以荷瘤野生型C57BL/6小鼠(TNFR1 / )为对照,观察美法仑对荷瘤TNFR1 /-C57BL/6小鼠和荷瘤TNFR1-/-C57BL/6小鼠的治疗效应。结果在美法仑(7.5mg/kg)治疗后的1周内,基因型不同的各组荷瘤小鼠肿瘤消退的速度基本相同。在随后的2月内,荷瘤TNFR1 / 和TNFR1 /-C57BL/6小鼠的肿瘤结节逐渐消退、肿瘤治愈;而多数荷瘤TNFR1-/-C57BL/6小鼠的肿瘤结节缩小后又再次出现并逐渐长大、肿瘤复发。结论TNFα与美法仑治愈肿瘤的过程密切相关,其中美法仑的抗肿瘤作用与荷瘤小鼠TNFR1的表达无关,但在美法仑治疗后,机体预防或避免肿瘤复发方面需要TNFR1在机体细胞的表达,而不是在肿瘤细胞的表达。     

蟾酥对小鼠膀胱癌的抗癌作用研究

选用小鼠可移植性膀胱癌BTT739作为动物模型，观察蟾酥对小鼠肿瘤生长以及相关指标的影响。目的：探讨蟾酥对BTT739荷瘤膀胱癌小鼠的抗肿瘤作用。方法：BTT739肿瘤细胞接种T739小鼠，随机分组，①对照组：每日腹腔注射生理盐水0．1ml1次；②蟾酥组：蟾酥按5mg／k小鼠体重腹腔注射给药，日1次；③丝裂霉素C组(MMC组)：每日1次丝裂霉素C腹腔注射1mg／kg；测定蟾酥对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率，荷瘤生存时间，腹腔巨噬细胞活性。结果：蟾酥组小鼠的抑瘤率为50．5％，荷瘤生存时间为31．3天，小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率为36％。结论：在表实验条件下，蟾酥可以直接抑制小鼠膀胱肿瘤生长，延长小鼠荷瘤生存时间，提高小鼠免疫力可能是蟾酥抗小鼠肿瘤生长的重要机制。     

十全大补汤对荷膀胱癌小鼠大剂量化疗的减毒增效作用

Objective To investigate the toxicity attenuation and efficacy potentiation effects of Shiquan Dabu Tang (SDT) on high dose chemotherapy in T739 mice with bladder carcinoma. Methods Mouse bladder carcinoma tissue was inoculated subcutaneously into T739 mice to establish tumor-beating mice model. The tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into a CTX group (100, 200, 400 mg/Kg respectively), a SDT group (high or low dose respectively), a high-dose SDT combined with 200 mg/Kg CTX group and a control group. The body weight, diameter of tumor nodules and complete blood count were observed subsequently. Results Different doses of SDT could effectively inhibit tumor growth in mice. SDT + CTX treatment significantly prolonged the survival time of mice by 49.4±23.3 days (P<0.01, 0.05, 0.01), compared with high dose SDT treatment (17.4±5.77) days, 200 mg/kg CTX treatment (23±14.02) days and control group (11.75±2.06) days respectively. The peripheral platelet count increased more significantly in mice treated with SDT within a week as compared to mice without SDT treatment (P<0.05). The peripheral RBC count and liB concentration increased more significantly in mice treated with SDT for 2 weeks as compared to mice without SDT treatment (P<0.05). Conclusions SDT could enhance the anti-tumor effects of high dose CTX on tumor-bearing mice and reduce toxicity in its peripheral red blood cells. The results showed that SDT combined with high dose of CTX chemotherapy had toxicity attenuation and efficacy potentiation effects in tumor-beating T739 mice.     

β-榄香烯对人膀胱癌BIU-87细胞磷脂代谢转换率及细胞脂膜流动性的影响

磷脂是细胞膜的重要组分,肌醇磷脂在细胞的功能调控中发挥重要的作用,并与细胞增殖及肿瘤形成关系密切。β-榄香烯是中药温莪术的有效抗癌成分,临床应用对许多恶性肿瘤的疗效确切,我们已经证明其可诱导人膀胱癌BIU-87细胞凋亡;本研究旨在进一步研究其对BIU-87细胞肌醇磷脂代谢转换及脂膜流动性的影响,探索凋亡的分子机制,结果报道如下。