亲子乐园空调送风方式的数值模拟研究

大型综合室内亲子乐园属于高大空间,设有游乐设施和游戏的特殊性使得对空间的舒适性要求一致,但是送风气流遇阻严重,室内存在较多气流死角,影响室内空气质量和儿童健康。因此其空调设计不仅需要考虑温度、风速的空间均匀度,还要考虑各点的空气龄和PMV-PPD指标。以天津某亲子乐园为研究对象,利用scSTREAM软件对适用于该房间的辐射供冷加新风、置换通风、混合通风三种空调方式的送风效果进行数值模拟分析,从流场的均匀性、人员的热舒适性等方面对模拟结果进行探讨,研究结果表明辐射供冷加新风方式的空间均匀性和PMV指标最佳,混合通风方式的空气龄最小。     

聚氨酯分散剂在液体靛蓝制备中的应用

采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚乙二醇200、400、600、800(PEG200、PEG400、PEG600、PEG800)、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、1-苯基-1,2-乙二醇、中和剂三乙胺(TEA)、甲乙酮肟等为原料,制备了一种阴离子聚氨酯分散剂.通过FTIR、GPC、TG表征了分散剂的结构与性能.利用自制的分散剂采用研磨法制备了液体靛蓝分散液,以液体靛蓝分散液粒径、离心稳定性、储存稳定性为指标,探讨了分散剂链长、用量对分散液性能的影响.结果表明,研磨1 h后,以PEG400为软段合成的聚氨酯分散剂用量为染料质量的60％时制备的液体靛蓝粒径为277.1 nm,1000 r/min离心稳定性达到93.98％,3000 r/min离心稳定性为51.13％,常温放置7 d后粒径变化在20 nm以内,染色后织物的颜色深度(K/S)为10左右,约是粉状靛蓝染色K/S的2倍,染色织物的颜色性能并未改变,SEM显示分散体颗粒大小分布均匀,与分散剂甲基萘磺酸钠的甲醛缩合物(MF)和木质素85A相比,其分散体系稳定性差别不大.     

基于注意力机制与文本信息的用户关系抽取

随着社交媒体的发展,用户之间的关系网络对于社交媒体的分析有很大的帮助。因此,该文主要研究用户好友关系检测。以往的关于用户好友关系抽取的研究主要基于社交媒体上的结构化信息,比如其他好友关系,用户的不同属性等。但是,很多时候用户本身并没有大量的好友信息存在,同时也不一定有很多确定的属性。因此,我们希望基于用户发表的文本信息来对用户关系进行预测。不同于以往的潜在好友推荐算法,该文提出了一种基于注意力机制以及长短时记忆网络(long short-term memory,LSTM)的好友关系预测模型,将好友之间的评论分开处理,通过分析用户之间的评论来判断是否具备一定的好友关系。该模型将好友双方信息拼接后的结果作为输入,并将注意力机制应用于LSTM的输出。实验表明,用户之间的评论对于好友关系预测确实有较大的实际意义,该文提出的模型较之于多个基准系统的效果,取得了明显的提升。在不加入任何其它非文本特征的情况下,实验结果的准确率达到了77%。     

Inhibition of microbial growth in ready‐to‐eat food stored at ambient temperature by modified atmosphere packaging

This study was undertaken to develop a modified atmosphere package to control microbial growth in ready‐to‐eat (RTE) products stored at ambient temperature. Ethanol and/or limonene associated with modified atmosphere (CO₂ : O₂ : N₂ = 30% : 5% : 65%) was used to inhibit the growth of total air‐borne microorganisms and Escherichia coli in RTE products stored at 25°C. The results indicated that 0.05% ethanol vapour in the headspace was effective to inhibit the growth of air‐borne microorganisms and E. coli at 25°C for 72 h in a model study, and the effectiveness was related to ethanol content. Both 73 ppm limonene and 0.05% ethanol vapour enhanced the bacteriostatic effect of modified atmosphere in RTE sushi roll products, and no off‐flavour was detected using this formulated gas; however, no significant inhibitory effect was observed for RTE cold noodle products. This study concludes that combinations of carbon dioxide, ethanol or limonene vapours are effective to inhibit microbial growth in RTE food at ambient temperature, and the outcome may be due to the hurdle effect. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ru/MCM-41催化剂上苯的液相加氢反应

 以Si-MCM-41、Al-MCM-41(1) (n(Si)/n(Al)=15)、Al-MCM-41(2) (n(Si)/n(Al)=10)以及用NH4NO3或HAc的醇溶液分别与Si-MCM-41离子交换所得的H-MCM-41(N)和H-MCM-41(H)为载体制备了系列Ru/MCM-41催化剂。采用N2吸附、XRD和H2-TPR表征了负载Ru前后催化剂的结构及Ru在各种载体表面上的分散状态。以0.5%（质量分数）苯的环己烷溶液为模型化合物，在298K、3.0MPa反应条件下，考察了上述催化剂的苯液相加氢反应性能，并与Ru/HY、Ru/H和Pt/MCM-41催化剂进行了比较。结果表明，载体MCM-41的n(Si)/n(Al)和表面化学组成等性质对Ru在其表面上的分散状态、还原性及催化性能均有影响。对苯的转化率与反应时间的关系曲线进行拟合，发现其遵循一级动力学方程，加氢反应速率常数按照Ru/Al-MCM-41(2)相似文献   

Synthesis of amphiphilic magnetic microspheres by dispersion copolymerization of styrene and poly(ethylene oxide) macromonomer

Amphiphilic magnetic microspheres ranging in diameter from 5 to 100 µm were prepared by dispersion copolymerization of styrene and poly(ethylene oxide) vinylbenzyl (PEO‐VB) macromonomer (MPEO) in the presence of Fe₃O₄ magnetic fluid. The effects of various polymerization parameters on the average particle size were systematically investigated. The average particle size was found to increase with increasing styrene concentration and initiator concentration. It also increased with decreasing stabilizer concentration and molecular weight of MPEO. The content of the hydroxyl groups localized in the microspheres ranged from 0.01 to 0.2 mmol g^?1. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

小水电工程径流计算的教训和建议

以2个小水电站径流计算为实例，分析移用降雨径流关系和参证站选择的教训，对改进小水电站径流计算方法提出了建议。表4个。     

网络安全事件的关联分析方法的比较研究

随着当前攻击手段和技术的日益复杂化,一次入侵事件往往需要多个步骤才能完成,这些步骤都是彼此相关的。但是传统的入侵检测集中于检测底层的入侵或异常,所检测到的结果也仅仅是一次完整入侵的一部分,所以不能将不同的报警结合起来以发现入侵的逻辑步骤或者入侵背后的攻击策略。关联分析技术将不同分析器上产生的报警进行融合与关联分析,极大地减少了报警的数量,降低了入侵检测的误报率,并且适当的减少了入侵检测的漏报率。文中在对网络安全事件关联分析方法的系统结构进行分析后,着重介绍了当前比较流行的几种网络安全事件关联分析方法,最后对各种方法进行了比较研究。     

基于混合智能的多Agent个性化信息推荐

在基于Agent的个性化网页推荐中，目前主要有两种过滤方法：基于内容的过滤和基于多Agent合作的过滤。在分析了单独使用这两种方法存在的不足之后，提出了基于改进蚁群算法的聚类分析建立用户模型的算法，并给出了结合两种方法优点的用户模型主动学习算法，最后给出了个性化信息推荐模型及相关算法。     

Finite element analysis of advanced multilayer capacitors

We establish a systematic methodology to design and analyse electromagnetic components such as advanced multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) using the finite element (FE) method. We employ a coupled formulation to compute the interaction between the electric and magnetic fields. Unlike a linear distribution of current assumed in the circuit model, an accurate electrostatic solution to model the entire advanced MLCCs (4 × 4 × 27 = 432 cells) is presented. The FE solution is used to compute the lumped parameters for a range of frequencies. These lumped parameters are then used to compute the parasitic elements of the MLCCs. We introduce two algorithms to efficiently analyse the behaviour of a capacitor with changing frequency. The lower frequency (much below the self‐resonant frequency of the capacitor) algorithm separates the effect of the electric and magnetic fields and reduces the computational effort required to solve the FE problem, whereas, the high‐frequency algorithm couples the effect between the electric and the magnetic fields. We use these algorithms in conjunction with a new multiple scale technique to effectively determine the small values of R, L and C in MLCCs. The formulation, the implementation, and the numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the present FE formulation and establish a systematic methodology to design and analyse advanced electromagnetic components. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.