Conceptual uncertainty of measurement errors

It is shown that measurement errors can be viewed in three different ensembles of random values with distinct distribution laws. The conceptual uncertainty of an error associated with this phenomenon is discussed. The problem of an extension of interpretation of measurement errors in metrological normative documents is addressed. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 5, pp. 7–8, May, 1996.     

A method of determining the levels of deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) and its metabolites]

A method has been developed for assay of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its metabolite desepoxideoxynivalenol (DOM-1) in animal excrements with the use of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-detection (218 nm). The method includes purification in the mini-column with activated carbon and aluminium oxide. The detection limit was 50 ng/g, relative standard deviation--0.05-0.1, the degree of toxin isolation--76-89%. DON isolated from Fusarium macroceras, strain 579a, cultivated in rice under laboratory conditions, and DOM-1 obtained as a result of DON incubation with the contents of the beef first stomach, were used in the study. The structure of toxins isolated has been proved by the mass-spectrometry method. The method developed by the authors was used in the study of DON metabolism in vivo in monkeys.     

Effect of temperature on the corrosion of refractories in glass melts (Review)

Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 12, p. 12–14, December, 1991.     

Effect of temperature and the initial state on the spalling fracture of alloy 36NKhTYu

The article presents the results of an experimental investigation of the effect of the temperature, the sulfur content, and the previous heat treatment on the strength and fracture of the alloy 36NKhTYu under loading by shock waves. The load levels corresponding to different stages of spalling fracture of specimens were determined in the temperature range from −196 to 750‡C. It was established that heating, increase of sulfur content, and hardening of the specimens lead to an imperceptible decrease of the dynamic strength of the alloy. The article presents the results of observations of the structure and nature of spalling fracture of the alloy by optical and electron microscopy. Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 5, pp. 119–122, May, 1996.     

Perfecting operation of an apparatus for two-stage deasphalting of residuum with liquid propane at the Ryazan' refinery

Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils -     

Self-ignition of dusty media

Thermal explosions of gaseous media containing inert dust particles are examined. The critical conditions for a thermal explosion are determined using integral manifolds. An asymptotic formula for calculating the critical conditions for thermal explosions with an autocatalytic combustion reaction is obtained.Samara. Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 133–136, May–June, 1993.     

Laser mass-spectrometric analysis of vitrified radioactive wastes under conditions of long-term storage

Moscow Scientific and Industrial Association "Radon." Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 77, No. 2, pp. 129–134, August, 1994.     

Handling of radioactive wastes formed outside the nuclear fuel cycle

Conclusions The system of regional specialized industrial plants "Radon" was created more than 30 years ago and over this time it has made it possible to utilize radioactive wastes from industrial and scientific centers in the country. The technology adopted by the specialized industrial plants for preparing and burying radioactive wastes makes possible safe localization of the wastes for a long period of time. Investigations designed to estimate the effect of the points of burial by the specialized industrial plants on environmental objects showed that the technical solutions adopted are reliable. At the present time the system of regional specialized industrial plants is experiencing difficulties on the legislative, financial, and technical levels. The system must be reconstructed and modernized. The basis for future decisions will be determined by the legislative base and the principles which are employed in the process. The optimal path toward modernization of the regional industrial groups is to produce complexes based on them for collecting, processing, and temporary storage of radioactive wastes formed within the service zone. The Moscow Scientific and Industrial Association "Radon" is now implementing this concept. Moscow Scientific and Industrial Association "Radon." Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 79, No. 6, pp. 437–443, December, 1995.