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1.
In situ esterifications of high-acidity rice bran oil with methanol and ethanol and with sulfuric acid as catalyst were investigated.
In the esterification with methanol, all free fatty acids (FFA) dissolved in methanol were interesterified within 15 min,
and it was possible to obtain nearly pure methyl esters. The amount of methyl esters obtained from a given rice bran was dependent
on the FFA content of the rice bran oil. In the esterification with ethanol, it was not possible to obtain pure esters as
in methanol esterification, because the solubilities of oil components in ethanol were much higher than those in methanol. 相似文献
2.
Selma Djelloul 《Theoretical computer science》2009,410(8-10):696-710
3.
Radioactivity concentrations in soil and dose assessment for Samsun City Centre, Turkey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this study, natural gamma radioactivity levels were determined in the soil samples of the Samsun city centre by using the gamma ray spectrometry method. The analysis carried out with the high-purity germanium gamma spectrometry system has shown that average activity concentrations of (238)U, (232)Th, (40)K and (137)Cs were 19±2, 22±4, 521±23 and 15±1 Bq kg(-1), respectively. From the gamma analysis of soil samples, the average value of the absorbed gamma dose rates in air and the average value of the external annual effective dose rates were calculated as 45±4 nGy h(-1) and 55±5 μSv y(-1), respectively. The external hazard index has also been calculated and it has been found that the radiation hazard in Samsun is insignificant. 相似文献
4.
Vicente M. Gómez-López María I. Gil Ana Allende Jeroen Blancke Lien Schouteten María V. Selma 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2014,7(12):3390-3397
The fresh-cut industry must treat process water to guarantee its microbial quality before reuse or recirculation back into the processing line. In the present study, the suitability of high-power ultrasound (HPU) for disinfecting and recycling process water was evaluated. An ultrasonic horn (20 kHz) was used to inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 inoculated in five types of process water which showed different physical and chemical characteristics. Differences in the inactivation level of E. coli O157:H7 at different HPU densities (0.14, 0.28, 0.56, and 1.12 kW/L) with controlled (20–25 °C) and uncontrolled (15–72 °C, 3.6 °C/min) temperature increase were studied. Results showed that the higher the power density and temperature, the higher the efficiency, reaching up to 6 log reductions of E. coli O157:H7. Alkalinity (between 0 and 253 mg HCO3 ?/L) and organic matter concentration (between 9 and 3,525 mg O2/L) in water did not reduce ultrasonic efficacy against E. coli O157:H7. Agglomerates >90 μm, which represented 34 % of those present in the process water, were reduced to only 11 % by HPU. Results indicate that HPU can be successfully applied to treat process water of the fresh produce industry because the antimicrobial efficacy was not affected by the continuous variation of the process water quality. HPU can be a suitable technology for the fresh produce industry to be able to reduce consumption of water and decrease wastewater and the generation of disinfection by-products. 相似文献
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Coordination‐Assisted Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Orthogonal Tetrazine Ligation with Vinylboronic Acid and a Strained Alkene 下载免费PDF全文
Selma Eising Dr. Bo‐Tao Xin Fleur Kleinpenning Jurriaan J. A. Heming Dr. Bogdan I. Florea Prof. Dr. Herman S. Overkleeft Dr. Kimberly M. Bonger 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2018,19(15):1648-1652
Bioorthogonal chemistry can be used for the selective modification of biomolecules without interfering with any other functionality that might be present. Recent developments in the field include orthogonal bioorthogonal reactions to modify multiple biomolecules simultaneously. During our research, we observed that the reaction rates for the bioorthogonal inverse‐electron‐demand Diels–Alder (iEDDA) reactions between nonstrained vinylboronic acids (VBAs) and dipyridyl‐s‐tetrazines were exceptionally higher than those between VBAs and tetrazines bearing a methyl or phenyl substituent. As VBAs are mild Lewis acids, we hypothesised that coordination of the pyridyl nitrogen atom to the boronic acid promoted tetrazine ligation. Herein, we explore the molecular basis and scope of VBA–tetrazine ligation in more detail and benefit from its unique reactivity in the simultaneous orthogonal tetrazine labelling of two proteins modified with VBA and norbornene, a widely used strained alkene. We further show that the two orthogonal iEDDA reactions can be performed in living cells by labelling the proteasome by using a nonselective probe equipped with a VBA and a subunit‐selective VBA bearing a norbornene moiety. 相似文献
9.
Hernandez Giovanni; Hamdani Selma; Rajabi Heshmat; Conover Kent; Stewart Jane; Arvanitogiannis Andreas; Shizgal Peter 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2006,120(4):888
Extracellular dopamine levels were measured in the rat nucleus accumbens by means of in vivo microdialysis. Delivery of rewarding medial forebrain bundle stimulation at a low rate (5 trains/min) produced a sustained elevation of dopamine levels, regardless of whether train onset was predictable. When the rate of train delivery was increased to 40 trains/min, dopamine levels rose rapidly during the first 40 min but then declined toward the baseline range. The rewarding impact of the stimulation was reduced following prior delivery of stimulation at the high, but not the low, rate. These results support the idea that dopamine tone plays an enabling role in brain stimulation reward and is elevated similarly by predictable and unpredictable stimulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
10.
Jean-Pierre Lagouarde Michel Bach José A. Sobrino Gilles Boulet Xavier Briottet Selma Cherchali 《International journal of remote sensing》2013,34(9-10):3437-3466
This article presents the MISTIGRI project of a microsatellite developed by the French space agency Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) in cooperation with Spain (Image Processing Laboratory of the University of Valencia and Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI)). MISTIGRI is a mission that has the originality of combining a high spatial resolution (~50 m) with a daily revisit in the thermal infrared (TIR). MISTIGRI is an experimental mission devoted to demonstrate the potential of such TIR data for future operational missions. The scientific goals and expected applications of the mission are described: they encompass the monitoring of (i) agricultural areas and related hydrological processes, (ii) urban areas, and (iii) coastal areas and continental waters. Then, the specifications on spatial resolution, revisit frequency, overpass time, and spectral configuration are justified. The strategy of the mission is based on the combination with a network of long-term experimental sites. It will also make possible observing some areas facing rapid climatic change. The choice of the orbit is presented. Finally, we give rapid overviews of both the instrumental concept and the proposed mission architecture. 相似文献