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1.
2.
Scot Lester 《电子设计技术》2006,13(11):109-109,112
降压型SMPS(开关电源)能有效地将未稳压的电源转换为稳定的输出电压。但是.输出端会出现由开关而产生的有害纹波和输入瞬变。如将有噪声的电源加在RF功率放大器上.则会在广播频谱中注入寄生信号或调制噪声。模拟系统工程师与RF系统工程师都青睐传统的低噪声电源设计.它包括一个变压器、整流器和滤波器.后面是一个线性稳压器。一只低压差线性稳压器的低输出噪声和高PSRR(电源抑制比)可以确保干净的电源.不会造成对功率放大器输出的干扰。 相似文献
3.
We will analyze the economic sensitivity of new energy-saving technologies to weather, future energy price, and system lifetime uncertainties. Graphical rate of return analysis is employed. A representative residential solar water heating investment is analyzed to illustrate the impact of uncertainties. The wide range of reasonable rates of return found suggests some considerations for policy makers and some areas of future research. 相似文献
4.
5.
The two basic performance parameters that capture the complexity of any VLSI chip are the area of the chip,A, and the computation time,T. A systematic approach for establishing lower bounds onA is presented. This approach relatesA to the bisection flow, . A theory of problem transformation based on , which captures bothAT
2 andA complexity, is developed. A fundamental problem, namely, element uniqueness, is chosen as a computational prototype. It is shown under general input/output protocol assumptions that any chip that decides ifn elements (each with (1+)lognbits) are unique must have =(nlogn), and thus, AT2=(n
2log2
n), andA= (nlogn). A theory of VLSI transformability reveals the inherentAT
2 andA complexity of a large class of related problems.This work was supported in part by the Semiconductor Research Corporation under contract RSCH 84-06-049-6. 相似文献
6.
Lyle F. Albright 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1956,33(11):590-594
Conclusions Numerous new heat transfer developments have been reported in the last few years. These developments are useful for a better
understanding of the basic theory and for developing improved equipment. In many cases both heat and mass transfer occur simultaneously
in commercial operations. 相似文献
7.
Wei Li Mercedes Coughlin Robert L. Albright Richard H. Fish 《Reactive and Functional Polymers》1995,28(1)
We report on the synthesis and reactivity of a polymer-supported o-phenylenediamine hydrochloride ligand, PS-PDHC, using macroporous 6% crosslinked polystyrene-divinylbenzene beads. The PS-PDHC ligand was found to be highly selective to AuCl4− ions in strongly acidic solutions in the presence of other precious metal ions, PdCl42−, PtCl42−, RhCl63−, and RuCl52− (selectivity values: 2.5, Au/Pd; 7.5, Au/Pt; 7, Au/Rh; 2.2, Au/Ru) as well as other transition metal ions, Fe 3+, Cr3+, CU2+, Nit+, and Mn2+. The sorption capacity, selectivity, kinetics of removal and recovery, and solution isotherms have been determined for AuCl4− ions in competition with the above-mentioned metal ions. The relative ease of formation of the anionic complex in 0.5 M HCI, AuCl4− was thought to be the primary reason for its selective ability to bind to the PS-PDHC ligand by an anion-exchange mechanism. Therefore, the effect of the HCI concentration on the kinetics of AuCl4− ion removal from solution was also investigated to clearly show that raising the pH from 0 to 5 caused a dramatic decrease in rate. The AuCl4− ion can be recovered quantitatively from the PS-PDHC beads using a 5% thiourea solution in 0.1 M HCl, allowing the polymer-supported ligand to be reused. 相似文献
8.
ABSTRACT Despite nearly a century of water regulation projects on the Nile Basin, today Egypt faces a genuine crisis with respect to water supply. The crisis has been brought on by a combination of drought and greatly increased usage by all riparian nations along the Nile. It is highly probable that Egypt will need to search for new sources of water, reallocate existing water supply and reduce demand simultaneously in order to stave off major water shortfalls. It is unlikely that these measures can be accomplished without both internal and external conflict. This paper describes the current state of water supply and usage in Egypt. Further we examine potential sources of conflict over water allocation decisions. Finally, the paper presents a method for evaluating alternative strategies that could be implemented by Egypt to avoid future conflict. 相似文献
9.
Patrick D. Culbert Volker C. Radeloff Véronique St-Louis Curtis H. Flather Chadwick D. Rittenhouse Thomas P. Albright Anna M. Pidgeon 《Remote sensing of environment》2012
Avian biodiversity is threatened, and in order to prioritize limited conservation resources and conduct effective conservation planning a better understanding of avian species richness patterns is needed. The use of image texture measures, as a proxy for the spatial structure of land cover and vegetation, has proven useful in explaining patterns of avian abundance and species richness. However, prior studies that modeled habitat with texture measures were conducted over small geographical extents and typically focused on a single habitat type. Our goal was to evaluate the performance of texture measures over broad spatial extents and across multiple habitat types with varying levels of vertical habitat structure. We calculated a suite of texture measures from 114 Landsat images over a study area of 1,498,000 km2 in the Midwestern United States, which included habitats ranging from grassland to forest. Avian species richness was modeled for several functional guilds as a function of image texture. We subsequently compared the explanatory power of texture-only models with models fitted using landscape composition metrics derived from the National Land Cover Dataset, as well as models fitted using both texture and composition metrics. Measures of image texture were effective in modeling spatial patterns of avian species richness in multiple habitat types, explaining up to 51% of the variability in species richness of permanent resident birds. In comparison, landscape composition metrics explained up to 56% of the variability in permanent resident species richness. In the most heavily forested ecoregion, texture-measures outperformed landscape metrics, and the two types of measurements were complementary in multivariate models. However, in two out of three ecoregions examined, landscape composition metrics consistently performed slightly better than texture measures, and the variance explained by the two types of measures overlapped considerably. These results show that image texture measures derived from satellite imagery can be an important tool for modeling patterns of avian species richness at broad spatial extents, and thus assist in conservation planning. However, texture measures were slightly inferior to landscape composition metrics in about three-fourths of our models. Therefore texture measures are best considered in conjunction with landscape metrics (if available) and are best used when they show explanatory ability that is complementarity to landscape metrics. 相似文献
10.
Scot Gresham-Lancaster 《AI & Society》2012,27(2):207-212
The definition of sonification has been reframed in recent years but remains somewhat in flux; the basic concepts and procedural
flows have remained relatively unchanged. Recent definitions have focused on the objective the important uses of sonification
in terms of scientific method. The full realization of the potential of the field must also include the craft and art of music
composition. The author proposes examining techniques of sonification in a two-order framework: direct and procedural. The
impact of new technologies and historical roots of that work argues that framing this broad topic should be in terms inclusive
of scientific method and craftsmanship and art. The expressive use of sonic time-based data flows needs to be refined and
expanded. The unexamined territory of how a broad-based population of listeners on a subjective, as well as objective level
needs, have to be included in this new field. 相似文献