Surface-tension-confined droplet microfluidics

This article is a concise overview about the developing microfluidic systems named surface-tension-confined droplet microfluidics(STORMs). Different from traditional complexed droplet microfluidics which generated and confined the droplets by three-dimensional(3D) poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microchannels, STORM systems provide twodimensional(2D) platforms for control of droplets. STORM devices utilize surface energy, with methods such as surface chemical modification and mechanical processing, to control the movement of fluid droplets. Various STORM devices have been readily prepared, with distinct advantages over conventional droplet microfluidics, which generated and confined the droplets by 3D poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based microchannels, such as significant reduction of energy consumption necessary for device operation, facile or even direct introduction of droplets onto patterned surface without external driving force such as a micropump, thus increased frequency or efficiency of droplets generation of specific STORM device, among others. Thus, STORM devices can be excellent alternatives for majority areas in droplet microfluidics and irreplaceable choices in certain fields by contrast. In this review, fabrication methods or strategies, manipulation methods or mechanisms,and main applications of STORM devices are introduced.     

无序光子晶体提高GaN基蓝光发光二极管光提取效率的研究

亚波长尺度光子晶体结构可有效提升发光二极管(LED)的光提取效率(LEE),然而在制造过程中会存在缺陷或无序.利用时域有限差分法对理想方形光子晶体结构进行了优化,在此基础上对三种无序光子晶体结构进行了仿真,研究了光子晶体结构参数的无序变化对GaN基蓝光LED LEE的影响.结果表明,光子晶体空气孔位置和半径的无序变化使优化的80 nm光子晶体LED的LEE下降,而可使非优化的60nm光子晶体LED的LEE增加;当光子晶体空气孔位置和半径的无序变化量从0到士20 nm之间变化时,LEE最大会产生53.8％的浮动;光子晶体刻蚀深度的无序变化对LEE影响较小,一般可以忽略,研究结果为高性能蓝光光子晶体LED的设计制作提供了重要的理论参考.     

双层光子晶体氮化镓蓝光发光二极管结构优化的研究

为了提升氮化镓(GaN)蓝光发光二极管(LED)光提取效率, 设计了双层光子晶体LED模型. 提出等效折射率近似方法, 简化求解了结构中的介质波导模式分布. 从而对模型中顶层光子晶体刻蚀深度d, 嵌入式光子晶体厚度T及其距有源层距离D等结构参数进行了优化. 同时利用时域有限差分方法对优化结果进行了验证. 相比其他仿真方法, 模式分析极大地减少了对LED建模优化的计算复杂度, 同时从理论上阐明了不同结构参数变化引起LED光提取效率改变的原因. 研究发现, 当顶层光子晶体满足d ≈ λ / n_PhCs 时, 结构内大部分高阶导模尚未被截断但源区能量向低阶导模的转化被有效抑制, 光提取效率给出极大值. 嵌入式光子晶体的引入将激发覆盖层模式, 当满足100 nm≤ T ≤ 300 nm且100 nm≤ D ≤ 200 nm 时, 覆盖层模式可以从有源层获得较大能量并有效地与顶层光子晶体耦合, 极大地提升了光提取效率. 本文优化结果使得LED光提取效率提升了4倍, 对高性能GaN蓝光LED的设计制造具有重要意义.     

杆菌肽与百里酚酞的共组装体用于大肠杆菌的可视化检测

利用溶剂环境变化诱导杆菌肽(AMP)与疏水性pH指示剂百里酚酞(TP)共组装形成纳米颗粒(AMP/TP NPs),并结合磁分离技术,利用大肠杆菌适配体修饰的磁珠(Apt-MB)捕获富集细菌,所制备的AMP/TP NPs与Apt-MB和大肠杆菌(Escherichia Coli,E.coli)混合,形成AMP/TP NPs@E.coli@Apt-MB夹心复合物,构建了对E.coli的灵敏分析平台。随着加入NaOH后溶液pH改变使AMP/TP NPs溶解产生比色信号,通过监测在590 nm处的OD值来定量E.coli。E.coli浓度在2.08×10¹～2.08×10⁵ CFU·mL^-1范围内与OD_{590 nm}呈现良好的线性关系,检测限低至1.66 CFU·mL^-1。此外,将比色信号与智能手机结合有利于现场即时定量检测。该工作为食品安全、临床诊断和环境监测等领域中实现即时检测细菌提供了新方法。