ACOUSTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE YONGLE BELL

the Yongle Bell is the largest bell in china.Experimenta study on the bell has been carriedout in two aspects:modal analysis and characterstics of bell sound.A method for modal analysisunder transient state is presented in this paper.The lowest natural frequency is 16 Hz.The soundof bell is harmonious.Frequences of some partial tones which are important in sensation are inconformity with the standard pitches.     

古编钟的声学特性

编钟是中国古代的重要乐器。通过对模型编钟振动方式、共振频率和声频谱的测量来分析编钟的声学特性,证实了编钟是发两个基音乐音的乐器,阐明了决定敲钟位置和古人调音方法的声学原理。用FFT做实际和模型编钟声的短时频谱分析,应用了信号处理中线性预测等方法来分析编钟声,实验表明用线性预测法计算基音频率是有足够高的准确度的。     

ACOUSTICAL PROPERTIES OF CMME BELLS

The acoustic characteristics of chime bells have been studied by the measurements of vibrationalmodes and the power spectra of bell sound.Each of the chime bell has two tones depending on thestriking positions on the bell.At the tone frequencies,the modes of vibration are similar,but thepositions of nodal lines are different.The short-time sound spectra of chime bells were measured bythe use of FFT.The sound of chime bell can also be analyzed by the method of linear predictionused in signal processing.     

ACOUSTIC ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FOAMED ALUMINUM

The acoustic absorption characteristics of foamed aluminum and the effect of its structural parameters on the characteristics have been in vestigated. The results indicate that the acoustic absorption behavior of foamed aluminum has an uncertain relation with its porosity, the effect of pore size is non-monotonous, while the flow resistance, which characterizes the structural coefficients, might be the most important factor. It is also found that the absorption peak is widened and the noise reduction coefficient can be increased through suitable compressive deformation.     

北京机场周围1984年的飞机噪声

本文介绍了1984年11月对北京机场飞机噪声的测量评价及噪声等值线图.对控制机场噪声提出了一些措施.     

北京市1986年居住环境噪声状况

本文介绍了在1986年对北京规划市区居住环境噪声的测量结果和噪声级的统计分布,叙述了海淀、西城、东城、宣武和崇文等九个行政区和七个不同功能区的噪声概况和全市环境噪声污染图.     

城市居住环境噪声暴露的研究

1986年3月到8月,在北京的规划市区,用噪声自动测量仪器,按每1km~2取一测点的原则,共对353个点的环境噪声进行了24小时的连续测量,得到了各测点每10分钟的L_(eq)值和L_(50)值.在测量的同时进行了社会调查,收集了与声环境有关的资料及其居民对噪声的反应.根据测量和调查所得数据,本文就环境噪声、影响环境噪声的主要因素及居民对噪声反应等问题进行讨论和分析.     

关于居住环境噪声的社会调查(名古屋-北京)

在日本名古屋和中国北京进行了关于居住环境噪声的社会调查,该调查是在有人居住的地方进行了一昼夜的噪声测定,并同时向居民进行了有关生活环境的社会调查,两个城市的调查结果表明,噪声级的分布大致相同,而居民的环境噪声意识却有较大的差别。本文就调查的统计及分析结果进行报告并对两国之间居民环境噪声意识的差别进行讨论。     

FLEXURAL VIBRATION OF TRUNCATED ELLIPTICAL CONE AND CHINESE CHIME BELLS

In this paper,we consider the Chinese chime bell as a truncated elliptical cone.The flexcuralvibration of an elliptical cone is analysed for the fundamental modes of vibration of chime bells.The approximate expression of frequency for the two tones of a chime bell is: f=K(1/2)(E/3ρ(1-σ~2))t/b~2where t is the bell thickness,b is the long axis of elliptical cone base and factor K is a functionof the bell shape parameters.This expression shows the influence of bell shape and size uponthe frequencies.From the frequency relations of the two fundamental tones we can suggest indetail the method of tuning used in ancient times.As an example,the relations between tonefrequencies and bell size are studied for a group of ancient chime bells.     

关于噪声评价用语的研究

在中国进行了关于噪声评价用语的社会调查,250名大学生用选择描述法和SD法等两种实验方法,用事先准备好的调查表,对4个声级的6种声源进行了评价.通过对实验数据的统计分析处理得到了以下结果: 1.声源可被分为高声级噪声、低声级噪声、语言声和音乐声等四类. 2.根据对声音的评价结果、所用的形容词也可被分为四类.对于不同类别的声源,要用不同类别的形容词来进行描述. 3.形容词“大的”一般是用于描述声级高的声音,不大用于描述噪声.“喧闹的”和“讨厌的”是贬义词,一般用来描述人对噪声的感受. 4.用选择描述法做评价声音实验比用SD法能获得更多的信息. 5.Cluster分析法、数量化理论Ⅳ类和Biplot分析法是处理声音评价实验数据的有效手段.