集簇性DNA损伤在辐射研究中的进展

高LET重离子引起的集簇性DNA损伤会造成细胞突变、 癌变和凋亡。 促进肿瘤细胞凋亡一直是治愈肿瘤的出发点, 所以集簇性DNA损伤已经成为放射生物学领域研究的热点问题。 由于其提取和检测方法多样, 但并没有一个详细和完整的方案对集簇性DNA损伤进行透彻分析。 综述了集簇性DNA损伤的特点和详细讨论了集簇性DNA损伤最新研究进展, 简介了集簇性DNA损伤的研究方法, 以期为集簇性DNA损伤在放疗中的研究提供一些参考。 Clustered DNA damage which caused by high LET heavy ion radiation can lead to mutation, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. Promoting apoptosis of cancer cells is always the basis of cancer treatment. Clustered DNA damage has been the hot topic in radiobiology. The detect method is diversity, but there is not a detail and complete protocol to analyze clustered DNA damage. In order to provide reference for clustered DNA damage in the radiotherapy study, the clustered DNA damage characteristics, the latest progresses on clustered DNA damage and the detecting methods are reviewed and discussed in deteil in this paper.     

重离子束治疗肿瘤临床研究

文章综述了重离子束在物理学、生物学、临床治疗等方面的优势,以及在放射生物学方面的基础实验研究内容。分析总结了国内外重离子束辐照治疗肿瘤的临床研究结果。其中,日本已接受治疗了约6 000 名不同类型的肿瘤患者,并取得较高的局部控制率和生存率;德国在头颈部肿瘤临床治疗方面取得了巨大的成功;在兰州重离子研究装置(HIRFL) 肿瘤治疗终端上,中国科学院近代物理研究所联合甘肃省肿瘤医院及兰州军区总医院对肿瘤患者的重离子治疗已进入临床试验阶段。甘肃省肿瘤医院治疗结果显示:43 例患者通过影像学检查评价疗效,客观有效率(CR+PR)为71.4%,主要急性放射损伤为1-2 级皮肤反应(红斑形成和脱皮),发生率为61.9%,治疗1 个月后随访结果显示重离子束(12C6+)对深部肿瘤具有较好的局部控制作用,且无严重不良反应发生。This article reviews the advantages of heavy ion in physical, biological and clinical aspects, discusses the radio-biological basis of experiment research, and summarizes clinical results of heavy ion beam treatment on tumor at home and abroad. Japan has accepted and treated about 6000 cancer patients of different types with high local control rates and survival ones. Germany has achieved great success in head and neck tumor clinical treatment. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMP-CAS), Tumor Hospital of Gansu Province and Lanzhou General Hospital of PLA have begun clinical trial on heavy ion treatment of deep-seated tumors after the shallow-seated tumor therapy has been done at HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou). The treatment results of Tumor Hospital of Gansu Province show that the objective response rate (CR+PR) is 71.4% and the rate of 1-2 levels radiation injury to skin reactions (erythema and desquamation) is 61.9% when we evaluate the 43 patients by means of maging. The results of case follow-up after treatment in 1 month indicate that the deep-seated tumor therapy with heavy ion beam has high local control rates without severe adverse effect.