基于三维激光扫描的铁路罐车点云优化处理方法

通过对三维激光扫描技术在铁路罐车中的应用研究,对扫描过程中发现的点云残缺及噪点问题进行研究分析,提出一种快速有效点云优化处理方法,新方法包括sp-H点云预处理和Eti-G建模优化。验证试验表明,采用新的点云优化处理方法可以在较短时间内将扫描点云进行去噪及残缺修补,并能够快速高效进行模型重建,提升了不同工况环境下扫描点云的适用性,提高了扫描工作效率和准确度,铁路罐车容积测量结果的相对扩展不确定度达到2.4×10?3,为铁路罐车容积扫描最高准确度等级,为三维激光扫描相关技术的发展提供一定借鉴。     

Determination of charge-compensated C3v (Ⅱ) centers for Er3+ ions in CdF2 and CaF2 crystals

A unified theoretical method is established to determine the charge-compensated C3v(Ⅱ)centers of Er3+ions in CdF2 and CaF2 crystals by simulating the electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)parameters and Stark energy levels.The potential(Er³⁺–F^?–O₄^2?)and(Er³⁺-F₇^?-O₄^2?)structures for theC3v(Ⅱ)centers of Er3+ions in CdF2 and CaF2 crystals are checked by diagonalizing 364×364 complete energy matrices in the scheme of superposition model.Our studies indicate that the C3v(Ⅱ)centers of Er3+ions in CdF2 and CaF2 may be ascribed to the local(Er³⁺-F^?-O₄^2?)structure,where the upper ligand ion F?undergoes an off-center displacement by?Z≈0.3?A for CdF2 and?Z≈0.29?A for the CaF2 along the C3 axis.Meanwhile,a local compressed distortion of the(ErFO4)6?cluster is expected to be?R≈0.07?A for CdF2:Er3+and?R≈0.079?A for CaF2:Er3+.The considerable g-factor anisotropy for Er3+ions in each of both crystals is explained reasonably by the obtained local parameters.Furthermore,our studies show that a stronger covalent effect exists in the C3v(Ⅱ)center for Er3+in CaF2 or CaF2,which may be due to the stronger electrostatic interaction and closer distance between the central Er3+ion and ligand O2?with the(Er³⁺-F^?-O₄^2?)structure.     

Covalent bonding and J–J mixing effects on the EPR parameters of Er~(3+) ions in GaN crystal

The EPR parameters of trivalent Er~(3+) ions doped in hexagonal Ga N crystal have been studied by diagonalizing the 364×364 complete energy matrices. The results indicate that the resonance ground states may be derived from the Kramers doublet Γ_6. The EPR g-factors may be ascribed to the stronger covalent bonding and nephelauxetic effects compared with other rare-earth doped complexes, as a result of the mismatch of ionic radii of the impurity Er~(3+)ion and the replaced Ga~(3+) ion apart from the intrinsic covalency of host Ga N. Furthermore, the J–J mixing effects on the EPR parameters from the high-lying manifolds have been evaluated. It is found that the dominant J–J mixing contribution is from the manifold ~2K_(15/2), which accounts for about 2.5%. The next important J–J contribution arises from the crystal–field mixture between the ground state ~4I_(15/2) and the first excited state~4I_(13/2), and is usually less than 0.2%. The contributions from the rest states may be ignored.     

镧系离子掺杂Li0.9K0.1NbO3荧光粉的多色多模荧光调控及防伪应用

多色多模荧光材料在信息安全加密领域具有重要的应用价值,然而目前多色多模荧光材料的设计合成仍然是一个挑战.本文采用高温固相法制备了一系列Li_1–xK_xNbO₃:Pr³⁺/Er³⁺/Tm³⁺单掺及双掺荧光粉.通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、荧光光谱仪以及自搭建的加热装置,对其结构、形貌、光谱学特性以及热释光性能进行表征.研究了Li_0.9K_0.1NbO₃基质中Pr³⁺, Er³⁺, Tm³⁺单掺及共掺调控的多色多模荧光特性与上/下转换、余辉和光激励荧光机理.基于优异的光谱特性,将三基色荧光粉设计成蝴蝶图案,采用不同波长光选择激发,展现了图案和色彩的动态变化,具有高阶多色多模防伪能力.