Thromboembolic and inflammatory complications of knee joint alloplasty with cemented endoprostheses]

In the presented paper the authors evaluate the long-term results of treatment for inflammatory and thromboembolic complications in knee joint alloplasty with cemented endoprostheses. The clinical material spanning the years 1998-2003 are 15 patients with analysed complications, it determine 9% of all operated. They have evaluated achieved results using the HSS knee rating scale in their own modification. As far as the authors are concerned, venographic examination is a prerequisite for appropriate care of the patients following knee joint alloplasty who might have deep venous thrombosis. It is necessary to provide similar treatment when developing infections are suspected in the perioperative period and in cases of late infections. Consequently, antibiotic therapy and a possible quick bacteriological checkup for healing a postoperative wound is a prerequisite for successful treatment. Achieved results induce statement, that thromboembolic and inflammatory complications caused at most operated chronic vein insufficiency, deficit of range of motion at operated joint and gait insufficiency. Thromboembolic complications was always related with inflammation of knee joint alloplasty in our own material.     

Loss of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 protein expression predicts reduced disease-free survival in subsets of breast cancer patients.

PURPOSE: This study aims to determine the effect of loss of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) protein expression on disease-free survival in breast cancer patients stratified by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), or HER2 status, and to determine whether loss of BRMS1 protein expression correlated with genomic copy number changes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A tissue microarray immunohistochemical analysis was done on tumors of 238 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients who underwent surgery at the Cleveland Clinic between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 1996, and a comparison was made with 5-year clinical follow-up data. Genomic copy number changes were determined by array-based comparative genomic hybridization in 47 breast cancer cases from this population and compared with BRMS1 staining. RESULTS: BRMS1 protein expression was lost in nearly 25% of cases. Patients with tumors that were PR negative (P=0.006) or HER2 positive (P=0.039) and <50 years old at diagnosis (P=0.02) were more likely to be BRMS1 negative. No overall correlation between BRMS1 staining and disease-free survival was observed. A significant correlation, however, was seen between loss of BRMS1 protein expression and reduced disease-free survival when stratified by either loss of ER (P=0.008) or PR (P=0.029) or HER2 overexpression (P=0.026). Overall, there was poor correlation between BRMS1 protein staining and copy number status. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a mechanistic relationship between BRMS1 expression, hormone receptor status, and HER2 growth factor. BRMS1 staining could potentially be used in patient stratification in conjunction with other prognostic markers. Further, mechanisms other than genomic deletion account for loss of BRMS1 gene expression in breast tumors.     

Do respiratory symptoms predict job choices in teenagers?

Existing guidelines advise adolescents with asthma and allergies against high-risk occupations. The aim of the current authors' analyses was to investigate the resulting self-selection in a prospective cohort study. The participants of Phase II of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood in Germany (aged 9-11 yrs at baseline) were re-contacted after 7 yrs (response rate was 77%) and were asked to complete a questionnaire, which included items on atopic diseases. The subjects were also asked about the type of job they would like to have in the future (preferred job choice). Exposure to agents with potential asthma risk was evaluated using a job exposure matrix. The analyses were restricted to those in school-based vocational training programmes without occupational exposures. A total of 33% of subjects chose jobs with high asthma risk, 23% selected low asthma risk jobs and the remaining adolescents indicated jobs without known asthma risk (reference category). There were no statistically significant associations between asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis and selecting jobs with asthma risk. Participants with allergic rhinitis tended to select high risk jobs less frequently. In conclusion, self-selection into low risk jobs seems to play a minor role in teenagers with asthma or allergies.     

Antibodies against 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine are associated with lifestyle factors and GSTM1 genotype: a report from the Malm? Diet and Cancer cohort.

Plasma autoantibodies (aAbs) against the oxidized DNA base derivative 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (5-HMdU) are potential biomarkers of cancer risk and oxidative stress. We examined their association with a number of cancer risk factors: smoking, alcohol habits, body fatness, and absence of the glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 (GSTM1 and GSTT1) in a sample from the population-based Malm? Diet and Cancer cohort (Sweden). This was a cross-sectional study of 264 men and 280 women, 46-67 years of age. Anti-5-HMdU aAb concentration was determined by an ELISA. Data on tobacco exposure were collected through a questionnaire. Alcohol consumption was estimated by a modified diet history method. Body fatness was assessed by a bioimpedance method. The absence or presence of genes coding for GSTM1 and GSTT1 was determined in granulocyte DNA by a multiplex PCR technique. aAb titers were significantly greater in those with high alcohol consumption. Current smokers lacking GSTM1, particularly men, had greater aAb titers compared with nonsmokers or persons expressing GSTM1. Body fatness was inversely associated with antibody titers in men. GSTT1 genotype was not associated with aAb titers. Overall, women had higher aAb titers than men. Adjustment for potential confounders (history of chronic diseases, anti-inflammatory medication, and season of blood sampling) did not change the results. Our study shows that a high alcohol consumption, smoking in combination with lack of GSTM1, and low body fatness (in men) is associated with high titers of anti-5-HMdU aAbs in this population.     

Pseudostenokardie-Symptomkomplexe bei hämodynamischer Diagnostik bei Herzischämie

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of pseudocoronary syndromes in persons undergoing cardiac diagnostic tests because of suspected ischaemic heart disease. The study involved 384 subjects, 114 women and 270 men aged 21–75 years, who had been referred for precise cardiac diagnosis with a tentative preliminary diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease. In each subject an exercise stress test was performed, as was an ECG both at rest and during exercise and a coronary angiogram. Subjective sensations (e.g. pain in the chest, dyspnoea) experienced during the tests were also taken into account. Of the 384 patients suffering from pain in the chest area, ischaemic heart disease was excluded in 180 cases. In this subgroup the target HR (submaximal HR) was achieved during the stress test without any significant alterations in the ECG trace (raising or lowering of the ST segment). The subsequent coronary angiography definitively excluded any cardiogenic origin of the pain in the chest.     

ACTH in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis

In 1984 and at the beginning of 1985 the authors carried out radioimmunoassays (SORIN-CIS kit) the plasma levels of ACTH in 116 multiple sclerosis patients (m-52, f-64) and in 10 cases this radioimmunoassay was done in the cerebrospinal fluid (m-5, f-5). The control group comprised 90 patients with ischialgia and neuroses. The normal value in the plasma was from 0 to 80.86 pg/ml, and in the fluid it was from 0 to 77.08 pg/ml. In multiple sclerosis patients the plasma ACTH level was from 0 to 286.9 pg/ml, in the cerebrospinal fluid from 0 to 89 pg/ml. The values of ACTH were significantly higher in multiple sclerosis patients, mainly in males. In the fluid the level of ACTH was significantly higher in the studied patients. No significant differences in ACTH levels were found between males and females with multiple sclerosis, and in the control group this level was higher in females. Raised ACTH level was found mainly in multiple sclerosis with lung duration of the disease (10 years) at the time of exacerbations. The authors continue studies on the axis hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenals, on various hormones, prostaglandins, beta-endorphin, biochemical markers, cAMP, cCMP, arylosulphatase A and B MBC etc.     

Tau isoform expression in frontotemporal dementia without tau deposition

In many cases of sporadic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and in FTD caused by tau mutations (FTDP-17) there is disruption of the normal splicing of tau leading to the aberrant expression of tau isoforms and neurodegeneration. This suggests a central role for tau in the pathogenesis of FTD. However, more than half the cases of sporadic FTD show no tau deposition. We question whether altered expression is also involved in the pathogenesis of tau-negative FTD. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate tau isoform expression in tau-negative FTD and age-matched controls. There were no differences in total tau mRNA or 4R versus 3R isoform expression. Our study suggests that perturbed tau mRNA expression is unlikely to be involved in the pathogenesis of tau-negative FTD.