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Trauma und Berufskrankheit - In der präoperativen Diagnostik stehen mit Spiral-CT und MRT Modalitäten mit einem Auflösungsvermögen im Submillimeterbereich zur Verfügung,...     

Stellenwert der sonographisch kontrollierten perkutanen Stanzbiopsie in der Diagnostik von Weichgewebstumoren

Background

The role of percutaneous needle biopsy in the diagnostics of soft tissue tumors is controversially discussed. The specificity of this method has been examined in this study based on the collective of patients treated in our university hospital. Secondly, the influence of the specialization of the treating surgeon has been evaluated.

Patients and methods

This study included 96 patients who underwent percutaneous needle biopsy and, if necessary, surgical resection. The specificity, logistic requirements and possible complications of percutaneous biopsy were evaluated. Special attention was paid to the influence of specialization of the treating surgical team on the specificity of the method.

Results

The results of the biopsy were able to define the entity of the lesion correctly in 69.7?%, the dignity in 75.0?% and the grading in 72.0?% of the cases. In the group treated by a specialized team, the specificity of the method was 84.6?% concerning the entity of the lesion, 84.6?% concerning the dignity and 80?% concerning the grading. With regard to the entity the specificity was significantly increased (p?<?0.05).

Conclusion

The findings show that percutaneous needle biopsy represents a logistically simple and efficient diagnostic method for soft tissue tumors which is rarely associated with complications. Subsequent treatment should be performed in a specialized centre.     

Operative vs conservative treatment of traumatic patellar dislocation: results of a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial

Introduction

Patellar dislocation is a common knee injury with mainly lateral dislocations, leading to ruptures of the medial patellofemoral ligament in most of the cases. Even though several prognostic factors for patellofemoral instability have been identified so far, the appropriate therapy for patients with patellar dislocation remains a controversial issue. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome after conservative or operative treatment in patients after first-time patellar dislocation.

Patients and methods

This randomized controlled clinical trial was designed multicentric including patients from six German orthopaedic and trauma departments. Twenty patients with a mean age of 24.6 years with first-time traumatic patella dislocation were included and randomized into either a conservative arm or an operative arm. Plain X-ray images of the knee joint (a.p. and lateral view and tangential view of both patellae) were performed in all cases prior to therapy to exclude osteochondral fragments requiring refixation. An MRI was recommended, but not compulsory. Patients were consulted after 6, 12, and 24 months with a questionnaire including the criteria of the Kujala score, recurrent dislocation, and satisfaction.

Results

The mean Kujala score of the conservative vs operative treatment group was 78.6 vs 80.3 after 6 months (p = 0.842), 79.9 vs 88.9 after 12 months (p = 0.165), and 81.3 vs 87.5 after 24 months (p = 0.339). Redislocation rate after 24 months was 37.5 % in the conservative group and 16.7 % in the operative group (p = 0.347). Due to the small number of patients that could be included, no significant difference between the groups could be detected. We see a tendency towards better results after operative treatment.

Conclusion

Our multicentric prospective randomized controlled trial revealed no significant difference between conservative and operative treatment for patients after first-time traumatic patellar dislocation. However, a tendency towards a better Kujala score and lower redislocation rates for patients with operative treatment was observed. The small number of patients is a limiting factor of the study, leading to results without statistical significance. A meta-analysis including other study′s level I data is desirable for the future.     

Enhanced migration of human bone marrow stromal cells in modified collagen hydrogels

Purpose

Collagen I hydrogels are widely used as scaffolds for regeneration of articular cartilage defects. We hypothesised that ingrowth might be improved by removing the superficial layer of a compressed hydrogel. The control group consisted of the original unmodified product.

Methods

The migration of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) into the hydrogel was evaluated by confocal microscopy. We quantified the DNA concentration of the hydrogel for each group and time point and evaluated the chondrogenic differentiation of cells.

Results

After one week, the detectable amount of cells at the depth of 26–50 μm was significantly higher in the modified matrix (MM) than in the non-modified matrix (NM) (p = 0.011). The maximum depth of penetration was 75 μm (NM) and 200 μm (MM). After three weeks, the maximum depth of penetration was 175 μm (NM) and 200 μm (MM). Likewise, at a depth of 0–25 μm the amount of detectable cells was significantly higher in the MM group (p = 0.003). After 14 days, the concentration of DNA was significantly higher in the samples of the MM than in the control group (p = 0.000). Staining of histological sections and labelling with collagen II antibodies showed that a chondrogenic differentiation of cells in the scaffold can occur during in vitro cultivation.

Conclusions

Removing the superficial layer is essential to ensuring proper ingrowth of cells within the compressed hydrogel. Compressed hydrogels contribute better to cartilage regeneration after surface modification.     

Eighteen-year follow-up after rotationplasty for a grade IIIC open fracture of the distal femur

We report the 18-year follow-up of a patient who underwent rotationplasty for severe bone loss and infection after an grade IIIC open fracture of the distal femur. The patient is now 49 years old and fully satisfied with his life. During the follow-up period, he has never had significant physical or psychological problems directly concerning the rotationplasty. The analysis of quality of life using the SF36 questionnaire revealed even higher scores than the normal healthy population in seven out of eight sub-categories. Clinical examination revealed bland soft tissues without hyperkeratosis or other signs of maladaptation. Articular and cutaneous proprioception was intact all over the left leg. The active extension/flexion of the prosthetic knee was 0°–0°–100° and 10°–0°–70° of the ankle joint. Manual testing of motor strength revealed grade five of five for dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the ankle. Gait patterns including climbing slopes and stairs were close to normal. Examination in sports physiology showed lower maximum power of hip and knee muscles compared to the healthy side, but better muscular endurance. These findings emphasize that rotationplasty can be a good alternative to arthrodesis or amputation in trauma patients providing high satisfaction and activity levels in the long-term follow-up.