The ability of bottlebrush block copolymers (BBCPs) to self-assemble into ordered large periodic structures could greatly expand the scope of photonic and membrane technologies. In this paper, we describe a two-step synthesis of poly(l-lactide)-b-polystyrene (PLLA-b-PS) BBCPs and their rapid thin-film self-assembly. PLLA chains were grown from exo-5-norbornene-2-methanol via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of l-lactide to produce norbornene-terminated PLLA. Norbonene-terminated PS was prepared using anionic polymerization followed by a termination reaction with exo-5-norbornene-2-carbonyl chloride. PLLA-b-PS BBCPs were prepared from these two norbornenyl macromonomers by a one-pot sequential ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). PLLA-b-PS BBCPs thin-films exhibited cylindrical and lamellar morphologies depending on the relative block volume fractions, with domain sizes of 46–58 nm and periodicities of 70–102 nm. Additionally, nanoporous templates were produced by the selective etching of PLLA blocks from ordered structures. The findings described in this work provide further insight into the controlled synthesis of BBCPs leading to various possible morphologies for applications requiring large periodicities. Moreover, the rapid thin film patterning strategy demonstrated (>5 min) highlights the advantages of using PLLA-b-PS BBCP materials beyond their linear BCP analogues in terms of both dimensions achievable and reduced processing time. 相似文献
The γcmc values of CTAB-SDS decrease from 63.67 mN/m at 10‡C to 36.38 mN/m at 90‡C, slightly lower than those of either CTAB or SDS.
Correspondingly, the CMC of CTAB-SDS decreases almost by half. The increase of surface activity of CTAB-SDS can be attributed
to the relatively weak electrostatic interaction at high temperature, which is supported by the increase of solubility of
CTAB-SDS with rise in temperature. Catalytic effect on oxidation of toluene derivatives with potassium permanganate follows
the order CTAB-SDS > SDS > CTAB. This is not caused by the dissociative effect of CTAB-SDS with low surface activity at low
temperature, as seen from the fact that almost all oxidative products can be retrieved for different toluene derivatives and
surfactants by mimicking the conditions of reaction. In the emulsifications of toluene derivatives at 90‡C, the time that
turbid water layers of surfactant solutions take to become clear is the same as that of the catalytic effect on oxidation
of toluene derivatives. Thus, it can be inferred that surfactants can improve the oxidation yields of toluene derivatives
by increasing the contact between two reacting phases. 相似文献
A simple method is introduced to improve the analysing accuracy of circular groove guide. With this method, the characteristic equation of circular groove guide is derived and its solution is given and discussed.The Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of P.R.China 相似文献
The solar wind almost disappeared on May 11, 1999: the solar wind plasma density and dynamic pressure were less than 1cm−3 and 0.1 nPa respectively, while the interplanetary magnetic field was northward. The polar ionospheric data observed by the multi-instruments at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica on such special event day was compared with those of the control day (May 14). It was shown that geomagnetic activity was very quiet on May 11 at Zhongshan. The magnetic pulsation, which usually occurred at about magnetic noon, did not appear. The ionosphere was steady and stratified, and the F2 layer spread very little. The critical frequency of day-side F2 layer, f0F2, was larger than that of control day, and the peak of f0F2 appeared 2 hours earlier. The ionospheric drift velocity was less than usual. There were intensive auroral Es appearing at magnetic noon. All this indicates that the polar ionosphere was extremely quiet and geomagnetic field was much more dipolar on May 11. There were some signatures of auroral substorm before midnight, such as the negative deviation of the geomagnetic H component, accompanied with auroral Es and weak Pc3 pulsation.
We extend two inequalities involving Hadamard products of positive definite Hermitian matrices to positive semi-definite Hermitian matrices. Simultaneously, we also show the sufficient conditions for equalities to hold. Moreover, some other matrix inequalities are also obtained. Our results and methods are different from those which are obtained by S. Liu in [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 243:458–463(2000)] and B.-Y. Wang et al. in [Lin. Alg. Appl. 302–303: 163–172(1999)]. 相似文献
The breakthrough and stoichiometric SO2 adsorption efficiencies of a biomass supported Na2CO3 system (80 wt %Na2CO3/straw) have reached 48.9% and 80.6% respectively at a desulfurization temperature of 80℃. 相似文献
Based on the Collins formula and irradiance moments definition, the propagation of the kurtosis parameter of super-Gaussian beams through a spherically aberrated lens is studied. Detailed numerical results are given. It is shown that, as compared with aberration-free super-Gaussian beams, the profile of spherically aberrated super-Gaussian beams can be leptokurtic, mesokurtic or platykurtic, depending on the aberration and propagation distance. The results for the spherically aberrated Gaussian beams can be dealt with as a special case treated in this paper. Finally, the advantage of our method is pointed out. 相似文献