A framework for evaluating image segmentation algorithms.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a framework for evaluating image segmentation algorithms. Image segmentation consists of object recognition and delineation. For evaluating segmentation methods, three factors-precision (reliability), accuracy (validity), and efficiency (viability)-need to be considered for both recognition and delineation. To assess precision, we need to choose a figure of merit, repeat segmentation considering all sources of variation, and determine variations in figure of merit via statistical analysis. It is impossible usually to establish true segmentation. Hence, to assess accuracy, we need to choose a surrogate of true segmentation and proceed as for precision. In determining accuracy, it may be important to consider different 'landmark' areas of the structure to be segmented depending on the application. To assess efficiency, both the computational and the user time required for algorithm training and for algorithm execution should be measured and analyzed. Precision, accuracy, and efficiency factors have an influence on one another. It is difficult to improve one factor without affecting others. Segmentation methods must be compared based on all three factors, as illustrated in an example wherein two methods are compared in a particular application domain. The weight given to each factor depends on application.     

部分储藏中药材中粉螨孳生情况调查

笔者在淮南地区采集50种(500份)中药材,应用清水漂浮法和塔氏电热集螨器集螨法对其进行了分离,其结果,所有样本中均有粉螨孳生,共分离出粉螨34种,隶属7科19属。因此认为,中药材粉螨污染严重,应加强对中药材孳生螨类的防治。     

医院后勤服务社会化的思考

医院后勤服务社会化是医院后勤改革的关键,面对改革的趋势,我们必须认真研究、悉心思考、统一认识、采取措施,改变目前医院后勤管理中不适应市场机制和现代医院管理的落后状态,主动寻找对策,充分利用和发掘现有后勤资源,在保证医院中心工作、“一切以病人为中心”为目标的前提下,把医院后勤管理和服务职能分离,认真操作、大胆探索,加快医院后勤服务社会化进程     

Improved Learning and Memory of Pavlovian Context Fear Conditioning in Histidine Decarboxylase Knock- Out Mice

The hypothesis that histaminergic system is involved in learning and memory is supported by many studies. However, the functions of brain histamine in learning and memory are still controversial. To explore the exact role of histamine and related mechanisms, we trained wild-type （WT） and knock - out mice lacking the histidine decarboxylase gene （ HDC^-/- ） using Pavlovian fear conditioning.     

国内外医学影像网站与继续医学教育相结合的思考

随着计算机网络技术的发展,网络教学已经成为继续医学教育中的重要模式。国内外医学影像网站种类繁多,大致可分为学会、学术期刊和教育资源及论坛网站三大类。本文在介绍国内和国外有代表性的医学影像网站基础上,分析了它们存在的优势和不足,着重阐述了将其应用于继续医学教育方面的几点措施,包括建立可获得继续医学教育学分的权威学术网站、加强各类医学影像网站的资源和功能建设、推动智能化和个性化的自主学习等。希望医学影像专业网站与继续医学教育的结合更加紧密,为影像专业人员提升业务水平和科研能力提供一个良好平台。     

医学影像微信公众号在继续医学教育中的应用

本文介绍了医学影像微信公众号的发展现状,将它们按运营主体分为专业学会、医院科室、医疗公司、学术期刊、专业网站和个人等类别,分析了现有的医学影像微信公众号的优势和不足,并提出了将它们应用于继续医学教育的几点措施,包括建立认可度和权威性都较高的、可授予继教学分的微信公众号平台,整合各种网络资源,突出平台资源的丰富性、系统性、时效性、实用性,建立健全继教学分授予的评价机制,为广大医学影像工作者提供一个继续医学教育的良好平台。     

Evaluation of serum B7‐H3 expression,ultrasound and clinical characteristics to predict the risk of cervical lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma by nomogram

BackgroundImproving the preoperative diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) will help improve the clinical outcomes of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. B7‐H3, as an immune checkpoint of the B7 family, is highly expressed in PTC tissues and related to LNM and prognosis. We aimed to explore the clinical values of serum B7‐H3 (sB7‐H3) in predicting LNM in PTC by a nomogram prediction model.MethodsFrom September 2019 to May 2021, a total of 344 PTC patients with primary surgery in our hospital were enrolled in this research. Enzyme‐linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to detect sB7‐H3 from the peripheral blood of PTC patients and normal controls. We created a nomogram prediction model in combination with sB7‐H3 expression, clinical and ultrasound characteristics to predict LNM in the early stage.ResultsGender (p = 0.001), age (p = 0.015), tumor size (p < 0.001), number of tumors (p = 0.021) and sB7‐H3 expression (p = 0.003) were independent risk factors for LNM in PTC. All the factors were included in the nomogram. The area under the curve (AUC) was 73.9% (95% CI, 68.12%–79.69%).ConclusionThe nomogram is helpful in assessing the risk of LNM in PTC. sB7‐H3 has excellent potential in predicting LNM in patients with PTC as an adjunctive ultrasound tool.     

川芎嗪对急性心肌梗死溶栓后血管内皮功能的影响

目的:观察川芎嗪对急性心肌梗死(AMI)溶栓治疗后血管内皮功能的影响.方法:83例AMI患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组.治疗组43例,用尿激酶(UK)(10～15)×105 U加质量分数为0.9%的氯化钠100 ml静脉滴注,30 min滴完;阿司匹林0.3 g口服,每日1次,连服3 d,然后0.1 g,每日1次,长期服用.在用UK前10～30 min从另一静脉通路用川芎嗪240 mg加质量分数为0.9%的氯化钠400 ml静脉滴注,1.5～2.0 h滴完,其后按上述剂量每日1次,连用14 d.对照组40例,除不用川芎嗪外,其他均与治疗组相同.按无创冠状动脉再通标准判断溶栓再通率,治疗前后采静脉血,用酶法测定甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)浓度,并采用高分辨率血管外超声来检测两种治疗方法对患者肱动脉血流介导的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能(FMD)的影响.结果:两组溶栓再通率无差异[治疗组65.12%(28/43例),对照组65.00%(26/40例),P>0.05];两组治疗前后血脂亦无明显变化(P均>0.05);治疗组治疗2周后FMD为(6.53±0.41)%,较治疗前(2.46±0.21)%有显著改变(P<0.05).结论:川芎嗪对血管再通和血脂代谢均无影响,但能明显改善AMI患者的血管FMD.     

更年灵胶囊主要药效学研究

更年灵胶囊2．0和1．Og/kg明显抑制正常和老年小鼠的自主活动，缩短戊巴比妥钠催眠潜伏期，延长睡眠时间，对抗由苯丙胺和尼可刹来诱导的小鼠中枢兴奋或惊厥，抑制麻黄所致的小鼠汗腺过度分泌，刺激老年小鼠肾上腺组织增生，对阴虚和阳虚模型小鼠细胞免疫功能具有明显的改善作用，提示更年灵胶囊对更年期综合症相关症状可能有明显的保护作用。