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1.
Thi Thi Nge Makiko Yamaguchi Naruhito Hori Akio Takemura Hirokuni Ono 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2002,83(5):1025-1035
Polyelectrolyte complex based on chitosan and acrylic acid monomer by photoinitiated free‐radical polymerization in the absence of crosslinker showed a large transition in swelling in response to changes in pH of surrounding medium. Their ability to swell arises from polyelectrolyte interactions and molecular structure of the complex. The main properties of interest that related to the molecular structure, swelling volumes, glass transition temperature, and elastic modulus of the complex were investigated. The effect of water content, the only variable in the sample component, played an important role in molecular structure of the complex and as a consequence, the extent of intermolecular linkage, especially amide bonds which in turn governed the degree of swelling of the polyelectrolyte complex in this study. The decreased degree of swelling and higher temperature shift of glass transition temperature was found with increased water content, whereas increased modulus of elasticity of dry complex was found in lower water content of synthesis component. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1025–1035, 2002 相似文献
2.
Shunjiro Ogawa Hideyo Suzuki Masatake Toyoda Yoshio Ito Masahiro Iwaida Hiroko Nonogi Tazu Fuke Kazuo Obara Tadao Adachi Koichi Fujita Makiko Ikuzawa Tetsuo Izumi Takashi Hamano Yukimasa Mitsuhashi Yukio Matsuki 《Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A》1979,168(4):293-298
Summary Detection and determination of traces of sulphites in foods was attempted by use of the modified Rankine apparatus and pararosaniline colorimetry. Replacement of alkaline titration reported previously by pararosaniline colorimetry lowered the absolute detection limit from 30 g (titration method) to 2 g. In view of clean analysis, in the color developing system, 0.1 N-sodium hydroxide was used in place of mercuric chloride solution commonly used as an absorbant of sulphites. In order to prevent oxidative decomposition of sulphites during operation, nitrogen gas was used as carrier instead of air. Dimedone and sodium azide were used for the elimination of aldehydes and nitrites, respecitvely, in the sample, which will disturb the color development of sulphites with pararosaniline-formaldehyde reagents. With this improved method, it was possible to determine the residual sulphites in frozen peeled shrimps, sugared beans and other foods with low sulphite contents accurately.
Studies on the Analyses of Sulphites in Foods (IV) 相似文献
Colorimetrische Mikrobestimmung von Sulfiten in Lebensmitteln bei Anwendung der modifizierten IV. Rankine Apparatur
Zusammenfassung Geringe Sulfitmengen in Lebensmitteln (geschälte Garnelen, gezuckerte Bohnen) können colorimetrisch bestimmt werden. Die neuentwickelte Methode beruht auf einer Kombination von colorimetrischer Bestimmung mittels p-Rosanilin und der Bestimmungsmethode nach Rankine. Auf diese Weise lassen sich Gehalte von 2 g noch genau bestimmen. Bei der Farbentwicklung wurde das giftige Quecksilbertetrachlorid durch 0.1 n-NaOH ersetzt, anstelle von Luft Stickstoff als Trägergas verwendet und somit eine Oxydation des Sulfits während der Bestimmung vermieden. Da Nitrit und Aldehyde die Farbentwicklung stören, wurde ihr Einfluß durch Dimedon und Natriumazid ausgeschaltet.
Studies on the Analyses of Sulphites in Foods (IV) 相似文献
3.
Katsunori Yamaura Makiko Ishiwatari Masao Yamamoto Maki Shimada Yuanyuan Bi Koichi Ueno 《Journal of food science》2012,77(12):H262-H267
Abstract: We have previously reported that bilberry anthocyanins exhibit an anti‐pruritic effect in a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis. It has been reported that anthocyanins are particularly sensitive to thermal treatment and are easily hydrolyzed to anthocyanidins when exposed to high temperatures. The objective of this study was to compare the anti‐pruritic effect of anthocyanin‐rich quality‐controlled bilberry extract and anthocyanidin‐rich degraded extract using a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis. BALB/c mice with allergic contact dermatitis induced by 4 weeks of repeated application of 2,4,6‐trinitro‐1‐chlorobenzene (TNCB) were administered Bilberon‐25 orally for 4 weeks after sensitization with TNCB. The effect of Bilberon‐25 on pruritus was evaluated by measurement of scratching behavior. RBL‐2H3 mast cells were used to investigate the effect of Bilberon‐25 on degranulation in 48/80‐stimulated mast cells. Compared with nonheated Bilberon‐25, the proportion of anthocyanins in heated Bilberon‐25 decreased, and the proportion of anthocyanidins was increased in heated‐time dependent manner. Treatment with non‐heated Bilberon‐25 significantly attenuated the TNCB‐induced increase in scratching behavior, whereas treatment with 2 h‐heated Bilberon‐25 did not. Moreover, 300 μg/mL nonheated Bilberon‐25 showed significant inhibition of degranulation in RBL‐2H3 mast cells, whereas 2 h‐heated Bilberon‐25 had no effect at any concentration studied. It is assumed that the inhibitory effect of bilberry anthocyanins on pruritus might be mediated, at least in part, by its inhibitory effect on mast cell degranulation. In conclusion, the anthocyanin‐rich but not anthocyanidin‐rich bilberry extract may be a useful dietary supplement for skin diseases involving pruritic symptoms, such as chronic allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and rhinitis. 相似文献
4.
Jun Nakamura Yuusuke Maruyama Genichi Tajima Makiko Suwa Chikara Sato 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(6)
The Ca2+-ATPase is an integral transmembrane Ca2+ pump of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Crystallization of the cytoplasmic surface ATPase molecules of isolated scallop SR vesicles was studied at various calcium concentrations by negative stain electron microscopy. In the absence of ATP, round SR vesicles displaying an assembly of small crystalline patches of ATPase molecules were observed at 18 µM [Ca2+]. These partly transformed into tightly elongated vesicles containing ATPase crystalline arrays at low [Ca2+] (≤1.3 µM). The arrays were classified as ‘’tetramer’’, “two-rail” (like a railroad) and ‘’monomer’’. Their crystallinity was low, and they were unstable. In the presence of ATP (5 mM) at a low [Ca2+] of ~0.002 µM, “two-rail” arrays of high crystallinity appeared more frequently in the tightly elongated vesicles and the distinct tetramer arrays disappeared. During prolonged (~2.5 h) incubation, ATP was consumed and tetramer arrays reappeared. A specific ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin, prevented both crystal formation and vesicle elongation in the presence of ATP. Together with the second part of this study, these data suggest that the ATPase forms tetramer units and longer tetramer crystalline arrays to elongate SR vesicles, and that the arrays transform into more stable “two-rail” forms in the presence of ATP at low [Ca2+]. 相似文献
5.
Shoji Seki Mami Iwasaki Hiroto Makino Yasuhito Yahara Yoshitaka Miyazaki Katsuhiko Kamei Hayato Futakawa Makiko Nogami Nguyen Tran Canh Tung Tatsuro Hirokawa Mamiko Tsuji Yoshiharu Kawaguchi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(7)
Intervertebral disc (IVD) diseases are common spinal disorders that cause neck or back pain in the presence or absence of an underlying neurological disorder. IVD diseases develop on the basis of degeneration, and there are no established treatments for degeneration. IVD diseases may therefore represent a candidate for the application of regenerative medicine, potentially employing normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) induced to differentiate into nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Here, we used a three-dimensional culture system to demonstrate that ectopic expression of MYC, KLF4, NOTO, SOX5, SOX6, and SOX9 in NHDFs generated NP-like cells, detected using Safranin-O staining. Quantitative PCR, microarray analysis, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting revealed that the induced NP cells exhibited a fully differentiated phenotype. These findings may significantly contribute to the development of effective strategies for treating IVD diseases. 相似文献
6.
Wenxi Tian Yuki Ishiwatari Satoshi Ikejiri Masanori Yamakawa Yoshiaki Oka 《Nuclear Engineering and Design》2009,239(11):2382-2390
In present study, the collapse of void bubble in liquid has been simulated using moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) code. The liquid is described using moving particles and the bubble–liquid interface was set to be vacuum pressure boundary without interfacial heat mass transfer. The topological shape of bubble can be traced according to the motion and location of interfacial particles. The time dependent bubble diameter, interfacial velocity and bubble collapse time were obtained under wide parametric range. The comparison with Rayleigh and Zababakhin's prediction showed a good agreement which validates the applicability and accuracy on MPS method in solving present momentum problems. The potential void induced water hammer pressure pulse was also evaluated which is instructive for further material erosion study. The bubble collapse with non-condensable gas has been further simulated and the rebound phenomenon was successfully captured which is similar with vapor-filled cavitation phenomenon. The present study exhibits some fundamental characteristics of void bubble hydrodynamics and it is also expected to be instructive for further applications of MPS method to complicated bubble dynamics problems. 相似文献
7.
Three-dimensional morphological variations in the human face were analysed using digital models of the human face, and the usefulness of such analysis in designing industrial products was demonstrated by validating spectacle frame designs based on an original sizing system developed based on the analysis. A normalized model of the three-dimensional face form was made for each of 56 young adult Japanese males. The morphological distances between subjects were defined, and subjects were divided into four groups based on analysis of the distance matrix. A prototype spectacle frame was designed for the average form of each of the four groups. Tightening force of the prototype frames was adjusted using the materialized average forms with soft material placed at the nasal bridge and side of the head. Four prototype frames as well as a conventional frame were evaluated using sensory evaluation and physical measurement of the pressure and slip in 38 young adult male subjects. For each of the 38 subjects, prototype frames were ranked according to the morphological similarity of the subjects and the average form of the four groups: the frame designed for the average form of the group most similar to the subject was #1, the frame designed for the average form of the next most similar group was #2, and so on. For the groups with smaller or narrower faces, new frame #1 was most preferred and had the best overall fit, smallest slip sensation and largest pressure sensation. The groups with larger or wider faces preferred tighter frames than new frame #1, because they were concerned that the frames might slip, although the frames did not. Most of the subjects habitually wore spectacles, and the reason that groups with larger or wider faces preferred tighter frames was thought to be that they were accustomed to tighter fitting frames. 相似文献
8.
9.
Akiyo Tanaka Miyuki Hirata Makiko Nakano Masaharu Shiratani 《Thin solid films》2010,518(11):2934-1399
Due to the increased production of ITO, the potential health hazards arising from occupational exposure to this material have attracted much attention. This review consists of three parts: 1) toxic effects of indium compounds on animals, 2) toxic effects of indium compounds on humans, and 3) recommendations for preventing exposure to indium compounds in the workplace.Available data have indicated that insoluble form of indium compounds, such as ITO, indium arsenide (InAs) and indium phosphide (InP), can be toxic to animals. Furthermore, InP has demonstrated clear evidence of carcinogenic potential in long-term inhalation studies using experimental animals. As for the dangers to humans, some data are available concerning adverse health effects to workers who have been exposed to indium-containing particles. The Japan Society for Occupational Health recommended the value of 3 μg/L of indium in serum as the occupational exposure limit based on biological monitoring to preventing adverse health effects in workers resulting from occupational exposure to indium compounds. Accordingly, it is essential that much greater attention is focused on human exposure to indium compounds, and precautions against possible exposure to indium compounds are most important with regard to health management among indium-handling workers. 相似文献
10.
Thermal treatments associated with food processing can alter the phenolic content of vegetables; yet, the biological properties associated with altered phenolic content have not been well delineated. We assessed the effects of various thermal treatments on total phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities of water-soluble fractions from six commonly consumed vegetables. Phenolic content in the water-soluble fraction of the tested vegetables was in the order of spinach > ‘komatsuna’ > ‘haruna’ > ‘chingensai’ > white cabbage > Chinese cabbage. Total antiradical activity against the DPPH radical was in the order of ‘komatsuna’ > spinach > ‘haruna’ > ‘chingensai’ > white cabbage > Chinese cabbage. Antiradical activity against hydroxyl radicals (deoxyribose assay) was highest for spinach and white cabbage. White cabbage extract showed the highest anti-proliferative activity in HL 60 cells. Normal cooking temperatures detrimentally affected phenolic content as well as antiradical and anti-proliferative activities of juice from most of the vegetables tested. However, mild heating of vegetable juices (50 °C, 10–30 min) preserved 80–100% of phenolic content, and both antioxidant activity and cell proliferation inhibition activities. The degree of thermal processing affects not only the content of phenolic compounds in vegetables but also beneficial biological effects associated with these compounds. 相似文献