Thick-layer glycerin-containing bichromated gelatin for recording volume holograms

A thick-layer light-sensitive material consisting of glycerin-containing bichromated gelatin has been prepared and used to record real-time volume holograms with 0.44 μm helium-cadmium laser radiation. The thickness of the layers is 400–600 μm. The holographic sensitivity of the material is 1 J/cm². The highest diffraction efficiency of holograms recorded using a symmetric system with parallel beams is 32%. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 23, 62–65 (April 12, 1997)     

One-dimensional diffuser based on a thick layer of dichromated gelatin

A new diffuser capable of scattering light in one direction (one-dimensional diffuser) has been developed and experimentally tested. The diffuser is formed in a thick layer of dichromated gelatin. The scattering indicatrices of the diffuser measured in two mutually perpendicular directions are presented. It is demonstrated that the indicatrix width in one direction is significantly greater than that in the perpendicular direc-tion. However, no zero-order diffraction has been observed. The proposed one-dimensional diffuser exhibits close scattering indicatrices for reading at a wavelength of 0.44 and 0.63 μm.     

Berechnung der Wirbelstromdichten und-kräfte in der Umgebung großer supraleitender Spulen für den magnetischen Einschluß bei der Kernfusion

Übersicht Um die Betriebssicherheit großer supraleitender Magnetsysteme für die Kernfusionsforschung zu gewährleisten, muß die im Magnetsystem gespeicherte Energie schnell entladen werden können. Durch die veränderlichen großvolumigen Magnetfelder werden in benachbarten leitfähigen Strukturen durch Induktion hohe Wirbelströme hervorgerufen. Durch sie treten dort elektromagnetische Kräfte. auf, die einzelne Komponenten mechanisch überlasten können. Zur Berechnung dieser Kräfte wurde eine einfache numerischanalytische Methode entwickelt, die im folgenden vorgestellt und mit Finite-Elemente-Verfahren verglichen wird.

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Calculation of eddy current densities and forces around large superconducting coils for nuclear fusion

Contents The reliable operation of the superconducting magnet systems used for the magnetic confinement in nuclear fusion research requires the ability of a fast discharge of the stored magnetic energy. The corresponding magnetic field variation gives rise to high eddy currents by inductive coupling with surrounding conductive components. The eddy current forces can lead to a mechanical overload of some of these components. A simple numerical-analytical method was developed in order to calculate these forces. This method is presented and compared with the Finite Element Method.

     

Human thalamic nucleus mediating taste and multiple other sensations related to ingestive behavior

Until now, taste was the only primary sensory modality for which the human central nervous system pathways were unknown. We report sensations evoked by stimulation at microampere current levels in the region of the human thalamic nucleus (ventralis caudalis parvocellularis internis) corresponding to the monkey taste relay nucleus. Stimulation in this region during awake neurosurgical procedures evoked special visceral/somatic (taste/pungent smell), general visceral (fullness of a hollow viscus), as well as painful and nonpainful general somatic sensations. General somatic or visceral sensation was evoked by stimulation at 80% of sites where special visceral/somatic sensation was evoked. These results suggest that primate taste relay mediates multiple sensations in addition to taste.     

Der PC in zehn Jahren und seine Auswirkungen auf die Gesellschaft

In this article it is argued that in ten years’ time personal computers as we know them now won’t exist anymore — all their functions will by then be integrated in mobiles which will be our steady companions. As such, mobiles will change our lives to an enormous extent. Technology as well as consequences will be discussed in this paper.     

Interactive anatomy online

The scientific community and general public can best take advantage of the benefits of 3D digital reconstructions if they are stored in a Web-accessible, easy-to-access database. We describe MorphologyNet/sup /spl copy// a Web-based digital library of realistic, 3D interactive and customizable images of anatomy currently in development at the University of Missouri-Rolla.     

Investigation of perceived environment, perceived outcome, and person variables in relationship to voluntary development activity by employees.

Examined perceived environment, perceived incentive and outcome, and person constructs for relationships with interest and participation in voluntary learning and development activity by nonmanagement employees. All 3 groups of constructs were related to development activity. In relationships with development activity, perceived outcome and environment variables interacted with workers' personal values relevant to aspects of a development setting, illustrating the potentially important role that differences in values may play in a development context. Additionally, small relationships were observed between several demographic variables and values within a development setting. Results provide implications for the design and implementation of successful development programs and highlight the need to carefully consider individual differences in this context when targeting many different types of employees for participation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)