用正交多小波压制信号的随机噪声

正交多小波可同时具有短支集，对称性或反对称性和正交性，这是一般的正交单小波所没有的性质。本文详细说明了应用GHM正交多小波对信号进行去噪处理原理，并给出实际例子说明该方法的有效性。     

横向液货补给索道-软管的强迫振动数值分析

考虑索道倾斜角度、鞍座位置、索道跨距等因素影响,对舰船横向液货补给索道-软管动力学问题进行研究.基于静力学原理得到各鞍座位置索道及软管受力情况,进而将横向液货补给系统索道-软管动力学问题简化为具有多个集中质量索道系统的动力学问题.基于Galerkin原理,对偏微分动力学模型进行高阶模态截断,并对典型工况下系统动力学特性进行分析.研究表明,系统存在周期、混沌等典型复杂动力学特性.重点分析了索道跨距、阻尼等对系统动力学特性的影响.     

Study of planar structure applying reciprocity technique combined with MGEC and analysis of discontinuity

The 3D structure electromagnetic computation presents several difficulties related to the volume mesh. In fact, the entire volume space must be taken into account even the smallest details. In this article, we propose a formulation based on the reciprocity theorem combined with the generalized equivalent circuit method to model a planar 3D structure with both coaxial and planar excitation. The major advantage of this formulation is the fact to reduce the computational volume into 2D ones in the discontinuity plane. In addition, we focused on the calculation of the discontinuity between the excitation source and the planar structure to determine the exact behavior of the electric coaxial excitation model. The obtained current density, electric field distributions, and the input impedance are presented and discussed in the following sections. An approximately good agreement of input impedance with those obtained by the simulator and measurement is shown.     

Synthesis,characterization, and drug‐release behavior of amphiphilic quaternary ammonium chitosan derivatives

A new type of amphiphilic quaternary ammonium chitosan derivative, 2‐N‐carboxymethyl‐6‐O‐diethylaminoethyl chitosan (DEAE–CMC), was synthesized through a two‐step Schiff base reaction process and applied to drug delivery. In the first step, benzaldehyde was used as a protective agent for the incorporation of diethylaminoethyl groups to form the intermediate (6‐O‐diethylaminoethyl chitosan). On the other hand, NaBH₄ was used as a reducing agent to reduce the Schiff base, which was generated by glyoxylic acid, for the further incorporation of carboxymethyl groups to produce DEAE–CMC. The structure, thermal properties, surface morphology, and diameter distribution of the resulting chitosan graft copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ¹H‐NMR, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and laser particle size analysis. Benefiting from the amphiphilic structure, DEAE–CMC was able to be formed into microspheres in aqueous solution with an average diameter of 4.52 ± 1.21 μm. An in vitro evaluation of these microspheres demonstrated their efficient controlled release behavior of a drug. The accumulated release ratio of vitamin B₁₂ loaded DEAE–CMC microspheres were up to 93%, and the duration was up to 15 h. The grafted polymers of DEAE–CMC were found to be blood‐compatible, and no cytotoxic effect was shown in human SiHa cells in an MTT [3‐(4, 5‐dimethyl‐thiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide] cytotoxicity assay. These results indicate that the DEAE–CMC microspheres could be used as safe, promising drug‐delivery systems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 39890.     

基围虾冻藏过程中的品质变化

通过测定基围虾不同冻藏时间点(0、1、3、5、7周)质构、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性、脂肪氧化、脂肪酸组成、风味及鲜度的变化,探究了对虾冻藏过程中品质变化的机理。结果表明,随着冻藏时间的延长,基围虾的黏附性逐渐增加,弹性、硬度、咀嚼性显著下降。PPO活性呈现先升后降的趋势。基围虾冻藏过程中脂肪氧化水平(TBARS)不断增加,饱和脂肪酸显著增加,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)显著降低。基围虾冻藏过程中共检测出50多种挥发性风味物质,其中醇类和芳香族化合物含量降低,醛、酮及含氮化合物的含量增加。由ATP、ADP、AMP和HxR及Hx等鲜度指标的测定结果可知,基围虾冻藏7周后仍比较新鲜。虽然基围虾在冻藏过程中品质和营养价值降低,但仍较新鲜。     

共固定化纳米酶的制备及其在级联催化反应中的应用研究进展

级联酶复合体可通过构建底物通道的方式加快催化效率,已经成功应用在合成医药、化妆品、功能性食品等不同工业领域。生物酶可参与的催化反应种类丰富而且是现代合成化学中的绿色经济型可持续生产工具,但在工业化生产中,固定化级联酶复合体更适合大规模生产,因为固定化技术不仅能够提高酶催化反应效率,还有利于提高酶稳定性以及简化生物催化剂的回收使用。最值得注意的是,酶催化性能、固定化方法、相关反应动力学特性均是酶复合体的活性和稳定性的关键影响因素。综合生物学和材料学领域的研究进展,如兼具纳米特性和稳定性能的载体材料的研发,级联酶共固定化技术将充分平衡各催化组分,从而设计出理想的酶复合体催化机器。因此,该研究结合键联方式和载体材料就近年来多酶的共固定化技术研究发展和相关领域应用进行了综述。     

Composition and insecticidal activity of essential oil from Pistacia lentiscus L. against Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

This study reports investigations on the chemical constituents and fumigant toxicity of Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae) essential oil against two major stored-date insects, carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. Results showed that P. lentiscus essential oil contained terpinene-4-ol (23.32%), α-terpineol (7.12%) and β-caryophyllene (22.62%) as major compounds. Fumigant toxicity tests showed that P. lentiscus oil was more toxic to E. kuehniella (LC₅₀ = 1.84 μl/l, LC₉₅ = 5.14 μl/l) than E. ceratoniae (LC₅₀ = 3.29 μl/l, LC₉₅ = 14.24 μl/l). The fecundity and hatching rate of both insects decreased with increases in concentration or exposure time to the oil. At 136 μl/l air, fecundities and hatching rates were respectively 35 eggs/female and 42.86% for E. ceratoniae and 78 eggs/female and 29.49% for E. kuehniella.     

Modeling and technical–economic optimization of an autonomous photovoltaic system

Solar energy technologies offer a clean and renewable energy source, and are essential components of a sustainable energy future. The current paper presents a method for technical–economic optimization of an autonomous photovoltaic system. The principal objective of this study is to find the optimum characteristics of a photovoltaic system, able to accomplish the energy requirements of a given load distribution, for a specific site.Mathematical models are exploited to analyze the working of the photovoltaic system. These models present an estimation of the recovered solar energy anywhere and anytime, an evaluation of the electric energy produced by a photovoltaic generator and a determination of the storage unit characteristics. Then, the optimizing step is done based on lack of energy to generate probability (LEGP), percentage of the surplus of energy produced (PSEP) and the cost of the kilowatt-hour produced (C_kWh).A case study has been presented to determine the optimal system configuration used to satisfy the requirements of a typical residential home located in Sfax, Tunisia.     

Annealing Temperature Effect on Bismuth Induced Crystallization of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Thin Films

Silicon - In this work, we emphasis on the Bismuth induced crystallization of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin films. 50 nm of bismuth thin films are deposited by vapor...