A cross-layer approach for partition detection at overlay layer for structured P2P in MANETs

Due to limited radio range and mobility of nodes in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), the network partitioning and merging could occur frequently. When structured peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are running over MANETs, then network partition in the physical network can also cause network partition at the overlay layer. Existing approaches for structured P2P overlay over MANETs do not detect network partition at the overlay layer. This paper proposes a cross-layer approach to detect network partition at the overlay layer for structured P2P overlay over MANETs. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is highly effective and efficient in terms of routing overhead, success ratio and false-negative ratio.     

DeepClassRooms: a deep learning based digital twin framework for on-campus class rooms

Neural Computing and Applications - A lot of different methods are being opted for improving the educational standards through monitoring of the classrooms. The developed world uses Smart...     

On the Efficiency of Runs Rules Schemes for Process Monitoring

There are two main types of variations, namely, common and special causes leading to in‐control and out‐of‐control states, respectively. Control charts are popular tools used to differentiate between these two states of a process. Implementation of runs rules schemes with control charts is an attractive approach for process monitoring. This study is designed to describe the methodology of runs rules schemes and discuss their implementation for different types of control charts. We have considered memory‐less charts, namely, , S, and R charts for our study purposes. It is examined that the efficiency gain depends on the number of decision points utilized to implement a given rule. Moreover, superiority of runs rules schemes may vary for different types of location and dispersion charts. An application example using a dataset is also included in the study for practical considerations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Identifying high perceived value practices of CMMI level 2: An empirical study

ObjectiveIn this paper, we present findings from an empirical study that was aimed at identifying the relative “perceived value” of CMMI level 2 specific practices based on the perceptions and experiences of practitioners of small and medium size companies. The objective of this study is to identify the extent to which a particular CMMI practice is used in order to develop a finer-grained framework, which encompasses the notion of perceived value within specific practices.MethodWe used face-to-face questionnaire based survey sessions as the main approach to collecting data from 46 software development practitioners from Malaysia and Vietnam. We asked practitioners to choose and rank CMMI level 2 practices against the five types of assessments (high, medium, low, zero or do not know). From this, we have proposed the notion of ‘perceived value’ associated with each practice.ResultsWe have identified three ‘requirements management’ practices as having a ‘high perceived value’. The results also reveal the similarities and differences in the perceptions of Malaysian and Vietnamese practitioners with regard to the relative values of different practices of CMMI level 2 process areas.ConclusionsSmall and medium size companies should not be seen as being “at fault” for not adopting CMMI – instead the Software Process Improvement (SPI) implementation approaches and its transition mechanisms should be improved. We argue that research into “tailoring” existing process capability maturity models may address some of the issues of small and medium size companies.     

QoS Aware Multicast Routing Protocol for Video Transmission in Smart Cities

In recent years, Software Defined Networking (SDN) has become an important candidate for communication infrastructure in smart cities. It produces a drastic increase in the need for delivery of video services that are of high resolution, multiview, and large-scale in nature. However, this entity gets easily influenced by heterogeneous behaviour of the user's wireless link features that might reduce the quality of video stream for few or all clients. The development of SDN allows the emergence of new possibilities for complicated controlling of video conferences. Besides, multicast routing protocol with multiple constraints in terms of Quality of Service (QoS) is a Nondeterministic Polynomial time (NP) hard problem which can be solved only with the help of metaheuristic optimization algorithms. With this motivation, the current research paper presents a new Improved Black Widow Optimization with Levy Distribution model (IBWO-LD)-based multicast routing protocol for smart cities. The presented IBWO-LD model aims at minimizing the energy consumption and bandwidth utilization while at the same time accomplish improved quality of video streams that the clients receive. Besides, a priority-based scheduling and classifier model is designed to allocate multicast request based on the type of applications and deadline constraints. A detailed experimental analysis was carried out to ensure the outcomes improved under different aspects. The results from comprehensive comparative analysis highlighted the superiority of the proposed IBWO-LD model over other compared methods.     

Physical properties of sprayed antimony doped tin oxide thin films:The role of thickness

Transparent conducting antimony doped tin oxide（Sb:SnO₂） thin films have been deposited onto preheated glass substrates using a spray pyrolysis technique by varying the quantity of spraying solution.The structural, morphological,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,optical,photoluminescence and electrical properties of these films have been studied.It is found that the films are polycrystalline in nature with a tetragonal crystal structure having orientation along the（211） and（112） planes.Polyhedrons like grains appear in the FE-SEM images. The average grain size increases with increasing spraying quantity.The compositional analysis and electronic behaviour of Sb:SnO₂ thin films were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The binding energy of Sn3d_5/2 for all samples shows the Sn⁴⁺ bonding state from SnO₂.An intensive violet luminescence peak near 395 nm is observed at room temperature due to oxygen vacancies or donor levels formed by Sb⁵⁺ ions.The film deposited with 20 cc solution shows 70%transmittance at 550 nm leading to the highest figure of merit(2.11×10^-3Ω^-1). The resistivity and carrier concentration vary over 1.22×10^-3 to 0.89×10^-3Ω·cm and 5.19×10²⁰ to 8.52×10²⁰ cm^-3,respectively.     

Role of Co in formation of Ni-Ti clusters in maraging stainless steel

The effect of Co addition on the formation of Ni-Ti clusters in maraging stainless steel was studied by three dimensional atom probe (3DAP) and first-principles calculation. The cluster analysis based on the maximum separation approach showed an increase in size but a decrease in density of Ni-Ti clusters with increasing the Co content. The first-principles calculation indicated weaker Co-Ni (Co-Ti) interactions than Co-Ti (Fe-Ti) interactions, which should be the essential reason for the change of distribution characteristics of Ni-Ti clusters in bcc Fe caused by Co addition.     

Controlled-release naproxen using micronized ethyl cellulose by wet-granulation and solid-dispersion method

This study has been undertaken to develop a controlled-release tablet dosage form of naproxen using ethocel (ethyl cellulose) as the rate-controlling polymer. The formulations were made by employing the conventional wet-granulation method and the solid-dispersion method. Tablets made by both methods were compared for their controlled-release dissolution profiles. Both methods were useful in developing the controlled-release formulations of naproxen with desirable properties. However, the amount of polymer required to make a formulation with the desired release profile was 33% less via solid dispersion than via wet granulation. A cumulative 88% of naproxen was released from the solid-dispersion formulation, compared with 84% from the wet-granulation formulation.