ZnHZSM-5催化丙烷芳构化的失活动力学研究

在等温积分反应器中实验研究了由丙烷制取轻质芳烃BTX（苯、甲苯及二甲苯）的芳构化过程中，锌改性的HZSM－5催化剂的积炭失活对反应过程的影响，通过对常压、不同反应温度下的实验数据所进行的动力学分析，建立起了失活动力学模型，并通过拟合实验数据对模型做了筛选，最终确定了基于Langumir-Hinshelwood模型的反应速率方程和由独立失活机理推出的2级独立失活速率方程，该模型对深入了解轻烃芳构化反应及指导反应器设计均具有重要的意义。     

Translation speed measurements of hydrogen,helium, and argon field-reversed configurations in the central cell of a KMAX mirror device

A series of experimental results of field-reversed configurations (FRCs) on a KMAX (Keda Mirror with AXisymmetricity) tandem mirror machine are reported. Single-side FRC translation processes with three different gas species were measured by avalanche photodiodes. Consistent with the theoretical prediction, the measured FRC speeds were inversely proportional to the square root of the ion mass. However, the speeds of the hydrogen FRC increased even in a uniform magnetic field region while the speeds of the helium and argon FRCs decreased. Possible mechanisms are discussed. The speed of the second pass due to the reflection of the mirror fields was found to be ∼1/3 of the first pass speed. The internal magnetic fields were measured for a colliding-merging argon FRC, and the results show that, even for very slowmoving FRCs, merging can occur.     

在工业催化剂上水煤气变换反应宏观动力学

用内循环式无梯度反应器,在不同的反应条件下,测定了B106及B109两种型号的原粒度工业变换催化剂的宏观反应速率.根据实验数据关联出两种催化剂都适用的宏观动力学方程,求定了相应的模型参数.该式可用以模拟工业变换反应器.此外,并由实验数据计算了各种情况下的有效因子.整个实验及计算结果表明,这两种催化剂对气体的内扩散阻力都是相当大的.     

DIFFUSION AND REACTION OF BENZENE HYDROGENATION OVER POROUS Ni/γ-Al_2O_3 CATALYST

The macro-kinetics of benzene hydrogenation over porous Ni/γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst was measured with asingle-pellet diffusion reactor.Based on the dusty-gas model,the differential equations by taking into account ofthe variation of effective diffusivities with the composition were derived to describe the diffusion and reactionprocesses of reacting species over porous catalyst.Using the tortuosity factors determined under the condition ofsteady physical diffusion,the global reaction rates were calculated by solving the equations,and the results are ingood agreement with the experimental data obtained.     

利用预测滤波法估计小卫星姿态角速度

预测滤波法具有可直接处理线性或非线性模型、实时预测模型误差的优点。结合小卫星姿态运动学方程和预测滤波法,建立了简单的线性估计模型,实时估计姿态角速度,并保证了估计的最优性。仿真结果表明,对姿态角速度的估计精度较高,鲁棒性好。     

卫生级PVC-U给水管用胶粘剂的研制和应用

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为基体树脂、乙酸乙酯/环己酮为混合溶剂、偶联剂为改性剂,采用溶剂法制成了一种卫生级PVC-U给水管用胶粘剂。考察了基体树脂、混合溶剂和施工方法等对胶粘剂黏度、粘接强度的影响。结果表明:当m(基体树脂)∶m(乙酸乙酯)∶m(环己酮)∶m(偶联剂)=24∶55∶120∶0.5、固化时间为16 h时,胶粘剂的综合性能良好,并且其卫生指标的实测结果满足GB/T 17219—1998标准要求;该胶粘剂是PVC-U给水管材/管件胶接用理想的胶粘剂。     

气体的温度和压力及颗粒形状对固定床压降的影响

本文在Ａ－Ｓ方程的基础上推导出气体流经固定床时的压降表达式。     

矩形拉伸件涨式切边模设计

以热水器底盖工件为例，叙述了涨式切边的工作原理及凸模拼块的设计、计算及α角的选取     

Vero细胞乙型脑炎灭活疫苗的接种反应及免疫效果观察

目的观察Vero细胞乙型脑炎灭活疫苗的接种反应及免疫效果。方法选择乙脑低发区黑龙江省肇源县8月龄～10岁常住健康儿童为观察对象,按照免疫程序分别接种辽宁成大生物股份有限公司生产的Vero细胞乙脑灭活疫苗(A组∶水针剂型;B组:冻干剂型)和市售乙脑灭活疫苗(对照组),观察接种后的不良反应,并采用蚀斑减少中和试验(PRNT)法检测血清乙脑中和抗体。结果A、B组疫苗的总不良反应率为2.81%,对照组为6.63%,3组均未出现严重不良反应,发热反应以轻度为主,局部不良反应较轻微,72h后全部消失。免疫后血清中和抗体阳转率A组为93.3%,B组为90.4%,对照组为81.8%;GMTA组为1∶24.0,B组为1∶21.8,对照组为1∶15.4。A组、B组的中和抗体阳转率和GMT均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,3组之间中和抗体滴度的分布差异无统计学意义。结论辽宁成大生物股份有限公司生产的Vero细胞乙脑灭活疫苗不良反应率低,免疫效果良好。     

用反应器和精馏塔外耦合方法合成环己烷的研究

改进了固定床和反应精馏合成环已烷的方法，提出了反应器与精馏塔外耦合的新方法。对其进行了理论分析，并通过间歇和连续实验加以验证。结果表明通过新方法不仅能获得高纯度的环已烷，而且克服了传统方法的不足，显示出具有流程短、热量直接利用高、操作稳定性好等特点。该方法尤其适应于强放热及受平衡控制的反应，对于反应物与产物形成共沸物的共沸体系也极具应用前景。