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顽固性高血压指尽管同时应用3种不同种类的降血压药物,血压仍然高于目标值.其中降压药物应当包括利尿剂,且所有的药物应达到理想剂量.目前顽固性高血压发病率还不清楚,但是从一些临床研究的结果来推测,其发病率可能并非少见.2003年发表的NHANES研究中,仅有53%的受试对象的血压控制在140/90 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)以下.在2002年发表的ALLHAT研究中,大约50%的受试者需要使用3种或3种以上的降压药物.顽固性高血压患者发生主要心血管事件的概率可能较高,积极控制其血压达标极其关键.早期的退伍军人管理局协作研究表明,相比安慰剂,3种降压药联合应用18个月以上,其心血管事件降低96%.但是部分患者虽经多种降血压药物联合应用仍不能达标,而且服用多种药物患者的依从性也可能受到影响,从而影响其疗效,另外长期多种药物联合应用的费用较高,特别对于部分发展中国家,给患者造成了沉重的社会负担. 相似文献
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目的 总结冠状窦(coronary sinus, CS)呈偏心性激动的不典型房室结折返性心动过速(atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, AVNRT)的电生理特点、鉴别诊断及消融方法。方法 回顾性收集2014年1月至2018年12月在复旦大学附属中山医院心内科进行射频消融治疗的524例AVNRT患者的临床资料。其中,CS呈偏心性激动的不典型AVNRT患者共16例,男性6例、女性10例,平均年龄(56.6±11.4)岁。分析16例不典型AVNRT患者的体表心电图和腔内心电图特点、诱发方式、鉴别诊断及射频消融策略。结果 16例CS呈偏心性激动的AVNRT患者的心电图均表现为RP间期>PR间期,P波在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联中倒置;发作时12例患者房室传导比例为1∶1,4例患者为2∶1或3∶1;13例患者可以轻易通过心室拖带的方式进行鉴别,2例患者需要多次拖带才能成功,1例患者多次拖带下心房-心室(atrioventricular,VA)仍然分离;14例患者在右心房后间隔靠近三尖瓣环处成功消融,3例患者在CS内成功消融。结论 CS呈偏心性激动的... 相似文献
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目的 探讨心房颤动(房颤)患者导管射频消融术后发生心包积液的处理并分析其相关危险因素.方法 156例房颤患者[男108例,女48例,阵发性房颤114例,平均年龄(57.6±11.3)岁]在三维标测系统及环状标测电极导管指导下行射频消融治疗[包括环肺静脉电隔离、线性消融及(或)碎裂电位消融],记录消融过程、部位、时间等因素,对术后证实出现心包积液的患者根据不同情况(心脏压塞或单纯心包积液)进行不同处理,并门诊随访心脏超声等.对可能影响术后出现单纯心包积液的因素进行分析.结果 所有156例患者均完成肺静脉电隔离,共有16例(10.3%)出现心包积液,其中1例(0.6%)术后即刻出现心脏压塞,予心包穿刺后开胸探查抢救好转,随访18个月无特殊;另15例(9.6%)术后出现少量心包积液但无心脏压塞表现(单纯心包积液组),经保守治疗后好转,其中6例患者的心包积液在术后3个月消失,而另外9例则在术后6个月消失.单因素分析发现,单纯心包积液组与无心包积液组在性别组成(P<0.01)、有无行冠状静脉窦消融(P=0.026)、有无行碎裂电位消融(P=0.037)、有无行上腔静脉消融(P=0.041)等方面差异有统计学意义.Logistic多因素回归分析发现,女性[B=3.594,exp(b)=36.4,95%CI:4.2-312.1,P=0.001]、行冠状静脉窦消融[B=2.419,exp(b)=11.2,95%CI:1.0~124.6,P=0.049]是术后出现单纯心包积液的独立危险因素.结论 房颤射频消融术后心包积液的发生率较高,但绝大部分并不出现心脏压塞,可经保守治疗得到改善,而不需要进一步有创治疗.女性及行冠状静脉窦消融是术后出现单纯心包积液的独立危险因素,房颤射频消融时应谨慎对待该部位的消融,以减少术后心包积液的发生. 相似文献
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Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF. 相似文献
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Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF. 相似文献
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2例误穿锁骨下动脉后及时退针并进行压迫止血,未进入导丝或扩张动脉,但仍导致纵膈血肿,分析其原因并根据患者具体情况进行不同处理。仅误穿锁骨下动脉致纵膈血肿的发生率较低,但需谨慎对待,并应综合考虑给予正确处理,以减少风险,同时不延误治疗。 相似文献
7.
Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF. 相似文献
8.
Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF. 相似文献
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10.
Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF. 相似文献