Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

腺苷与异丙酚预处理对犬心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨腺苷与异丙酚预处理对犬心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法 21只杂种犬,雌雄不拘,随机分为3组(n=7):缺血再灌注组(A组)、异丙酚预处理组(B组)、异丙酚与腺苷联合预处理组(C组)。A组冠状动脉的左前降支结扎60min后松开结扎,再灌注:120min;B组缺血前30min经静脉以5．6mg·kg-1·h-1速率持续泵注异丙酚30min;C组缺血前10min经主动脉根部一次性注入腺苷(10mmol·L-1,10ml),其余处理同B组。记录心脏血液动力学指标,并行节段性室壁运动评分(RWMS)。结果缺血即刻出现了缺血性心电图的变化。与基础值比较,A组缺血期及再灌注期 LVEDP升高,CO、SV、LVEF、CPP、RPP降低,再灌注期MAP降低,HR减慢,B、C组上述缺血再灌注诱导的血液动力学变化减弱,A组缺血期及再灌注期RWMS增加,但B、C组缺血期RWMS低于A组(P< 0．05或0．01)。结论异丙酚预处理对犬心肌缺血再灌注损伤有一定的保护作用,腺苷预处理并未增强其保护作用。     

脸色腰段椎间盘突出症21例临床分析

胸腰段椎间盘突出症罕见,约占椎间盘突出的0.6％～4％。随着CT及MRI的应用,其发病率有增加的趋势。因其发病率低,报道较少。但由于病变位于脊髓圆椎段,其发病较下腰段椎间盘突出有很大的特殊性,故有必要结合我院近年收治的21例对其作一回顾性分析。1 临床资料     

中西医结合治疗真菌性角膜溃疡临床观察

真菌性角膜溃疡是一种致盲率极高的感染性角膜病变，随着抗生素和糖皮质激素的广泛使用以及对本病的认识和诊断水平的提高，其发病率不断提高。我院自2000年1月～2004年12月共收治32例32眼，采用中西药联合、病灶切除、碘酊烧灼等综合治疗，取的了较好的效果，现报告如下。     

钟表绘画测验的介绍和应用(综述)

钟表绘画测验（CDT）是一种单项神经心理测验工具，对视觉空间的知觉和执行功能的测评均有较高的敏感性。经过不断修订CDT测验的评分系统已能够较准确地评价受试者的空间认知功能和大脑额叶执行功能。CDT测验既往较多用于成人，随着评分系统的完善，目前在儿童神经心理方面的应用也越来越广泛。     

巡回性诊疗护理与老年人保健

饭富病院地处日本本州山黎县,远离大都市,地偏人稀,但环境优美,气候宜人,的确是疗养的好地方。饭富病院属公立医院,虽规模较小,但是一所综合性医院。我们在此院研修3个月,时间虽短,但期间的所见所闻,尤其护理方面给我们的启发和教益却是十分深刻的。现介绍几个片断,以飨读者。1     

治疗前列腺癌的遗传工程疫苗

据巴尔的摩约翰霍普金斯医院的To-nathan Simons和William Nelson报道,从自身肿瘤细胞中制备而来的遗传工程疫苗对晚期前列腺癌病人可产生广泛的免疫反应。Nelson认为,该小组Ⅰ期研究的结果非常重要,因为以前从未见到过免疫系统这种“完全彻底的”抗前列腺癌的活性作用。研究人员给8名前列腺癌病人注射了经过照射的自身前列腺癌细胞,这些癌细胞均已经过遗传工程处理的表达粒细胞一     

大剂量维生素B_2治疗偏头痛有效

据比利时和卢森堡的研究人员报道,大剂量补充维生素B_2(核黄素)可减少偏头痛发作的频率和持续的时间。由比利时列日大学神经病学家JeanSchoenen领导的研究小组对55名轻度至重