A post curing strategy toward the feasible covalent adaptable networks in polyacrylate latex films

The implementation of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) in general resin system is becoming attractive. In this work, we propose a simple post-curing strategy based on the core-shell structured acrylate latex for the achievement on both the improved general performance and the CANs characteristics in latex films. The building to the CANs was relied on the introduction of 4,4′-diaminophenyl disulfide as the curing agent, which cured the acetoacetoxy decorated shell polymer through the ketoamine reaction. The metathesis reaction of aromatic disulfides in the crosslinking segments enabled the thermally induced dynamic behavior of the network as revealed in the stress relaxation tests by comparison with other diamine crosslinking agents without the incorporation of disulfide. The synergism of the dynamic crosslinking of the shell polymer and static crosslinking in the core polymer contributed to the improved mechanical strength (15 MPa, strain% = 250%) and the suppressed water adsorption (~1% in 24 h of soaking) of the latex film, which exhibited above 90% of recovery in both strength and strain from a cut-off film damage within 1 h at 80°C. Moreover, the cured latex film could be recycled, and 75% of the mechanical performance was regained after three fragmentation-hot-pressing cycles. These, in addition with the feasible and environmental friendly characteristics, suggest a sustainable paradigm toward the smart thermosetting latex polymers.     

Nucleophilic Activation of Sulfur Hexafluoride by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and N-Heterocyclic Olefins: A Computational Study

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) is considered as a potent greenhouse gas, whose effective degradation is challenging. Here we report a computational study on the nucleophilic activation of sulfur hexafluoride by N-heterocyclic carbenes and N-heterocyclic olefins. The result shows that the activation of SF₆ is both thermodynamically and kinetically favorable at mild condition using NHOs with fluoro-substituted azolium and sulfur pentafluoride anion being formed. The Gibbs free energy barrier during the activation of SF₆ has a linear relationship with the energy of HOMO of substrates, which could be a guideline for applying those compounds that feature higher energy in HOMO to activate SF₆ in high efficiency.     

Random copolymerization of macromonomers as a versatile strategy to synthesize mixed-graft block copolymers

The random copolymerization of norbornene-functionalized macromonomers was explored as a method of synthesizing mixed-graft block copolymers (mGBCPs). The copolymerization kinetics of a model system of polystyrene (PS) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) macromonomers was first analyzed, revealing a gradient composition of side chains along the mGBCP backbone. The phase separation behavior of mGBCPs with PS and PLA side chains of various backbone lengths and side chain molar ratios was investigated, and increasing the backbone length was found to stabilize the phase-separated nanostructures. The graft architecture was also demonstrated to improve the processability of the mGBCP, compared to a linear counterpart. Investigations of mGBCPs comprised of polydimethylsiloxane and poly(ethylene oxide) side chains exemplified the diverse self-assembled morphologies, including a Frank-Kasper A15 phase, that can be obtained with mGBCPs synthesized by random copolymerization of macromonomers. Lastly, a ternary mGBCP was synthesized by the copolymerization of three macromonomers.     

Recent Advances in Spatial Self-Phase Modulation with 2D Materials and its Applications

In recent years, spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) with two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted the attention of many researchers as an emerging and ubiquitous nonlinear optical effect. In this review, the state of the art of 2D material-based SSPM is summarized. SSPM measures or tunes the nonlinearity of 2D materials, and it is also an effective approach to study the band structure of 2D materials. Several modified forms of SSPM, such as high-order, white-light-excited, vector field excited, and optically nonlinearly enhanced SSPM are also presented. Subsequently, the physical origin of the SSPM formation mechanism is compared and analyzed. Furthermore, the applications of SSPM with 2D materials, including passive photonic devices, generation of Bessel beams, and identifying the mode of the orbital angular momentum, are listed. Finally, several urgent problems of the SSPM with 2D materials, potential applications, and prospects for future development are presented.     

Activation and Afterheat Calculation Analysis for TBM

Safety considerations of TBM are part of the design process to ensure that the TBM do not adversely affect the safety of ITER. So accurate calculations of all radioactivity and potential harmfulness are very important for designing of device, selecting of blanket and shield material, analyzing of the safety and environment, disposing of nuclear waste and operation of the reactor.     

加热炉内板坯粘塑性下桡变形的研究

在加热妒内，由于高温及重力作用，板坯两端的悬臂将产生下桡变形。悬臂越长，下桡将越大，导致悬臂下桡部分与出口端墙相碰，影响出料而造成事故。本文对加热炉内板坯的下桡变形进行了分析计算。首先，建立了板坯的二维非稳态导热模型并用有限差分法计算了炉内板坯随时间的温度变化；然后建立了板坯悬臂粘塑性变形模型，用有限元法计算了高温条件下由重力引起的悬臂的下桡变形。由此理论模型计算出的板坯抽出温度与悬臂端下桡量与实测结果吻合良好，说明该理论模型及模型计算方法是正确的，可用于对装钢生产进行指导。     

High performance 1689-nm quantum well diode lasers

1689-nm diode lasers used in medical apparatus have been fabricated and characterized. The lasers had pnpn InP current confinement structure, and the active region consisted of 5 pairs of InGaAs quantum wells and InGaAsP barriers.     

铸膜液溶剂体系的物理参数与BCA不对称膜的透气性

铸膜液的溶剂体系（溶剂和非溶剂）对不对称膜形态的形成有重要作用。为了探索溶剂和透气性间的关系，本文考虑到了制备ＢＣＡ梯度密度不对称膜的各种溶剂的一系列物理参数，得到了一些定性结果，并指出了更全面、明确、解释两者关系的研究方向。     

Computer generation of edge groups and edge colorings of graphs

A computer code and nonnumerical algorithm are developed to construct the edge group of a graph and to enumerate the edge colorings of graphs of chemical interest. The edge colorings of graphs have many applications in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), multiple quantum NMR, enumeration of structural isomers of unsaturated organic compounds, and in the construction of configurational integral expansion series in statistical mechanics. The code developed is applied to many NMR graphs, complete graphs containing up to 10 vertices, and the Petersen graph.