Eigen filter to detect volitional EMG signals in autogenic EMG-controlled FES

Presented is an eigen filter to remove autogenic electrical stimulation artefacts and M-waves while preserving the volitional electromyographic signal. The optimality of the eigen filter is shown, along with simulated and measured data to indicate its superior performance over conventional prediction error filters.     

Reperfusion injury delays healing of intestinal anastomosis in a rat

This SAEM position paper clarifies the role of emergency medicine in health care delivery. It builds upon the working definition of emergency medicine developed by the American College of Emergency Physicians in 1994 by describing the health care role of emergency physicians (EPs). EPs are first-contact providers who care for all patients regardless of age, gender, time of presentation, or ability to pay. They remain the only continuously accessible specialty for patients seeking help and solace in the health care system. They are an essential link in the health care continuum between primary care physicians, specialists, the out-of-hospital system, the patient, inpatient services, and communication services. The EP's role is in organizing and monitoring the emergency care delivery system. Part of this role is to better align the health care provider training and ability with the specific medical needs of a patient. The emergency health care system remains the essential medical safety net for all individuals needing care in this country.     

Development of the semi-empirical equation of state for square-well chain fluid based on the Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (SAFT)

A semi-empirical equation of state for the freely jointed square-well chain fluid is developed. This equation of state is based on Wertheim’s thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT) and the statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT). The compressibility factor and radial distribution function of square-well monomer are obtained from Monte Carlo simulations. These results are correlated using density expansion. In developing the equation of state the exact analytical expressions are adopted for the second and third virial coefficients for the compressibility factor and the first two terms of the radial distribution function, while the higher order coefficients are determined from regression using the simulation data. In the limit of infinite temperature, the present equation of state and the expression for the radial distribution function are represented by the Carnahan-Starling equation of state. This semi-empirical equation of state gives at least comparable accuracy with other empirical equation of state for the square-well monomer fluid. With the new SAFT equation of state from the accurate expressions for the monomer reference and covalent terms, we compare the prediction of the equation of state to the simulation results for the compressibility factor and radial distribution function of the square-well monomer and chain fluids. The predicted compressibility factors for square well chains are found to be in a good agreement with simulation data. The high accuracy of the present equation of state is ascribed to the fact that rigorous simulation results for the reference fluid are used, especially at low temperatures and low densities. This paper was presented at the 8th APCChE (Asia Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering) Congress held at Seoul between August 16 and 19, 1999.     

Crystal structure of TNF-alpha mutant R31D with greater affinity for receptor R1 compared with R2

Crystal structures have been determined of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and its R31D mutant that preferentially binds to TNF receptor R1 with more than seven times the relative affinity of binding to receptor R2. Crystals of the wild-type TNF were of space group P4(1)2(1)2 and had unit cell dimensions of a = b = 94.7 and c = 117.4 A. Refinement of the structure gave an R-factor of 22.3% at 2.5 A resolution. The crystals of TNF R31D mutant diffracted to 2.3 A resolution, and were of identical space group to the wild type with unit cell dimensions of a = b = 95.4 and c = 116.2 A, and the structure was refined to an R-factor of 21.8%. The trimer structures of the wild-type and mutant TNF were similar with a root mean square (r.m.s.) deviation of 0.56 A for Calpha atoms; however, the subunits within each trimer were more variable with an average r.m.s. deviation of 1.00 A on Calpha atoms for pairwise comparison of subunits. Model complexes of TNF with receptors R1 and R2 have been used to predict TNF-receptor interactions. Arg31 in all three subunits of wild-type TNF is predicted to form an ionic interaction with the equivalent glutamic acid in both receptors R1 and R2. Asp31 of the TNF R31D mutant is predicted to interact differently with the two receptors. The side chain of Asp31 in two subunits of the TNF mutant is predicted to form hydrogen bond interactions with Ser59 or Cys70 of R1, while it has no predicted interactions with R2. The loss of three strong ionic interactions of Arg31 and the electrostatic repulsion of Asp31 with Glu in the receptors is consistent with the reduced binding of the R31D mutant to both receptors relative to wild-type TNF. The replacement of these ionic interactions by two weaker hydrogen bond interactions between Asp31 of the R31D mutant and R1, compared with no interactions with R2, is in agreement with the observed preferential binding of the R31D mutant to R1 over R2. Analysis of the structure and function of receptor-discriminating mutants of TNF will help understand the biological role of TNF and facilitate its use as an antitumor agent.      

Analysis of microbial adaptation at enzyme level for enhancing biodegradation rate of BTX

Catechol was found to be a common intermediate in the degradation of benzene and toluene byAlcaligenes xyhsoxidans Y234, and the ring cleavage of the catechol mediated by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase was a rate-determining step. Since benzene induced higher level of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase than toluene, the cells pre-adapted to benzene showed higher degradation rate of benzene and toluene. The degradation rate ofm-xylene was also increased significantly when benzene-adapted cells were inoculated.m-Xylene was metabolized via 3-methyl catechol which was effectively cleaved by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase.     

三大原则激活数据红利

如今,各国政府都在寻找可以通过少量投入实现强大新功能的科技。只要有追求创新的精神和持之以恒的努力,大多数城市都可以实现可持续发展的智能技术解决方案,从而降低成本,提高市政服务水平,改善市民的生活质量。微软委托IDC进行的一项最新研究指出,通过整合零散数据,采用新型数据分析工具,并向更多人传递有用的洞察,全球各国的政府机构在未来四年内从数据挖掘中获得的数据红利将高达2060亿美元,并且越早采用,收益越大。     

如何有效控制存储成本

导读 目前,控制合规成本仍是企业的工作重点之一。其中的难点在于如何在恰当的时间将正确的“内容”保存在适宜的地方。依据传统的做法,企业在对数据归档时只是一味地对数据无限制的存储,无法经济高效地从长远解决数据保留问题。     

Impact of bandwidth request schemes for Best-Effort traffic in IEEE 802.16 networks

In IEEE 802.16 networks, bandwidth request–grant schemes are employed for reducing data collision and supporting various QoS requirements. In this paper, we investigate the impact of such schemes on Best-Effort (BE) traffic. We examine three candidate schemes. In the first scheme, each Subscribe Station (SS) attempts to request bandwidth in every frame to reduce delay. In the second scheme, the number of bandwidth request is limited to avoid collisions in bandwidth request. In the third scheme, a base station allocates bandwidth to each SS based on the measured sending rate without explicit bandwidth request. We quantitatively analyze the performance of these schemes in terms of the collision rate and buffer length. We also present a simulation study to validate our analysis and to observe the impact of these schemes on BE traffic. This paper shows that IEEE 802.16 networks can be effectively managed through appropriate bandwidth request schemes. It is also shown that bandwidth allocation without request can be an alternative for increasing utilization.     

A comprehensive framework for the evaluation of ontology modularization

The Semantic Web and ontologies have received increased attention in recent years. The delivery of well-designed ontologies enhances the effect of Semantic Web services, but building ontologies from scratch requires considerable time and effort. Modularizing ontologies and integrating ontology modules to a given context help users effectively develop ontologies and revitalize ontology dissemination. Therefore, various tools for modularizing ontologies have been developed. However, selecting an appropriate tool to fit a given context is difficult because the assumptions for the approaches greatly vary. Therefore, a suitable framework is required to compare and help screen the most suitable modularization tool.In this research, we propose a new evaluation framework for selecting an appropriate ontology modularization tool. We present three aspects of tool evaluation as the main dimensions for the assessment of modularization tools: tool performance, data performance, and usability.This study provides an implicit evaluation and an empirical analysis of three modularization tools. It also provides an evaluation method for ontology modularization, enabling ontology engineers to compare different modularization tools and easily choose an appropriate one for the production of qualifying ontology modules.The experimental results indicate that the proposed evaluation criteria for ontology modularization tools are valid and effective. This research provides a useful method for assessing and selecting ontology modularization tools. Modularization performance, data performance, and usability are the three modularization aspects designed and applied to the context of ontology. We provide a new focus on the comprehensive framework to evaluate the performance and usability of ontology modularization tools. The proposed framework should be of value to both ontology engineers, who are interested in ontology modularization, and to practitioners, who need information on how to evaluate and select a specific type of ontology tool in accordance with the requirements of the individual environment.     

新品导购笔记本电脑

LG M1●处理器:Intel Core Duo T2300(1.6GHz,2M二级缓存)●显卡:Intel GMA950●屏幕:15英寸液晶炫丽屏●内存:512MB DDR2●硬盘:80G●光驱:COMBO价格:12999元M1外壳采用宝石蓝,乳白色的机身在两层幽蓝的映衬下更显细腻,二者结合在一起则在商务气息之中增添了一份时尚韵味,M1机身使用了斜角设计,前后两面柔滑的斜边将显示器单元托起,顶盖也以同样圆润的曲线顺滑下来,在机器前端形成一个赏心悦目的线条组合。而这款产品还装备了指纹验证装置,在安全性方面能够给用户更安心的数据保护功能。明基S61●处理器:Intel Core Duo T2300…