The effect of global climate change to agricultural resource, population displacement and economic dislocation

Climate change is causing a wide range of impacts on human health worldwide. Sea level rise increases risk of flood, reduces arable land and crop yields and endangers drinking water by salinity. Agricultural productivity and water availability are negatively affected by climate change. Developing countries or poorer people are mostly vulnerable to climate change because their lives are usually heavily rely on natural resources and their resources to adapt to climate change such as finances or infrastructures are very limited     

农村人口老龄化对城市化进程的影响

在我国出现人口老龄化的背景下,农村人口老龄化程度更加突出。我国人口的发展趋势是老龄化高峰和死亡率高峰将不期而至。在农村老年人占全国农村人口的比例高于农村人口占全国人口比例的情况下,农村人口死亡将改变城乡人口比例,相应提高人口城市化率。农村向城市转移的人口城市化方式,将逐渐转变为农村人口死亡减少农村人口的城市化方式。未来我国人口城市化的方向不在于从农村向城镇转移人口,而在于提高城市化质量。     

粮食生产的劳动力现状与调查研究

劳动力是影响农业生产的重要因素,采用典型抽样调查和访谈调查方法,对劳动力的普遍素质、小麦种植者的收入与满意程度、粮食种植的可持续状况进行问卷调查。结果显示,目前粮农呈现老龄化趋势,受教育程度普遍不高,由于粮食生产的耕种和收割多环节机械化程度的提高,所需劳动力不是很多,而且具有很强的季节性。被调查者子女能够兼业从事粮食种植的比例还比较高,小麦、玉米的种植面积和产量基本可以得到保障。分析了结果形成的原因,并对目前农业劳动力配置进行了有益探讨。