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Sajjad Zare Akbar Ghaffarpour Rahbar 《Journal of Network and Computer Applications》2012,35(1):459-468
Congestion is one of the most important challenges in optical networks. In a Passive Optical Network (PON), the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) is a bottleneck and congestion prone. In this paper, a framework is proposed with Forward Error Correction (FEC) at the IP layer combined with Weighted Round Robin (WRR) at the scheduling level to overcome packet-loss due to congestion in the OLT in order to achieve efficient video multicasting over PON. In the FEC scheme, Reed-Solomon (RS(n,k)) with erasure coding is used, where (n−k) erroneous symbols per n symbol blocks can be corrected. In our framework, an Internet Protocol TeleVision (IPTV) service provider uses the mentioned RS coding and generates redundant packets from regular IPTV packets in such a way that an Optical Network Unit (ONU) can recover lost packets from received packets, thus resulting in a better video quality. Simulation results show that using the proposed framework, an ONU can recover many lost packets and achieve better video quality under different traffic loads for its users. For instance, the proposed method can reduce packet loss rate by almost 55% and 10% under traffic load 0.9, respectively, compared with the Round Robin (RR) and WRR methods under symmetric traffic load. When High Receivers Queue (HRQ) traffic (i.e., traffic received by many users) is twice Low Receivers Queue (LRQ) traffic (i.e., traffic received by a small number of users), this reduction is almost 86% and 30% under traffic load 0.9. Finally, when LRQ traffic is twice HRQ traffic, the reduction in packet loss rate is almost 70% and 91% at traffic load 0.5. 相似文献
3.
Sajjad Muhammad Asif Sana Ullah Guan Linlin Jiao Yangjing Jiang Yuhan Zhang Linlin Wen Jia Zhang Shuyu Lin Yuting Zhang Shuangshuang Ding Zhiwei Ren Yang Zhou Xiaowei Hu Wanbiao Liu Zhu 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2021,31(11):4440-4441
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes. In line 9 of the abstract, 5% should read as 2%. The... 相似文献
4.
Iron-silicide was produced with a mechanical alloying process and consolidated through vacuum hot pressing. The as-milled powders were of metastable state and fully transformed into the ß-FeSi2 phase through subsequent isothermal annealing. The as-consolidated iron silicides consisted of an untransformed mixture of α-Fe2Si5 and ?-FeSi phases and a partially transformed β-FeSi2 phase was found in the low density compact. Isothermal annealing was carried out to induce transformation into a thermoelectric semiconducting β-FeSi2 phase. The transformation behavior of the β-FeSi2 was investigated utilizing DTA, SEM, and XRD analyses. Isothermal annealing at 830°C in vacuum led to a thermoelectric semiconducting β-FeSi2 phase transformation, but some residual metallic α and ?-phases were unavoidable even after 96 hours of annealing. The iron silicide microstructures were investigated using SEM and TEM. The mechanical and thermoelectric properties of the β-FeSi2 materials before and after isothermal annealing are characterized in this study. 相似文献
5.
The improvement of safety and dependability in systems that physically interact with humans requires investigation with respect to the possible states of the user’s motion and an attempt to recognize these states. In this study, we propose a method for real-time visual state classification of a user with a walking support system. The visual features are extracted using principal component analysis and classification is performed by hidden Markov models, both for real-time fall detection (one-class classification) and real-time state recognition (multi-class classification). The algorithms are used in experiments with a passive-type walker robot called “RT Walker” equipped with servo brakes and a depth sensor (Microsoft Kinect). The experiments are performed with 10 subjects, including an experienced physiotherapist who can imitate the walking pattern of the elderly and people with disabilities. The results of the state classification can be used to improve fall-prevention control algorithms for walking support systems. The proposed method can also be used for other vision-based classification applications, which require real-time abnormality detection or state recognition. 相似文献
6.
Recently, physical layer security commonly known as Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting has been proposed to provide an additional layer of security for wireless devices. A unique RF fingerprint can be used to establish the identity of a specific wireless device in order to prevent masquerading/impersonation attacks. In the literature, the performance of RF fingerprinting techniques is typically assessed using high-end (expensive) receiver hardware. However, in most practical situations receivers will not be high-end and will suffer from device specific impairments which affect the RF fingerprinting process. This paper evaluates the accuracy of RF fingerprinting employing low-end receivers. The vulnerability to an impersonation attack is assessed for a modulation-based RF fingerprinting system employing low-end commodity hardware (by legitimate and malicious users alike). Our results suggest that receiver impairment effectively decreases the success rate of impersonation attack on RF fingerprinting. In addition, the success rate of impersonation attack is receiver dependent. 相似文献
7.
Rehman Hafeez Ur Ghani Anwar Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf Alsharif Mohammed H. Nabipour Narjes 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2021,80(11):16907-16931
Multimedia Tools and Applications - The advancement in communication and computation technologies has paved a way for connecting large number of heterogeneous devices to offer specified services.... 相似文献
8.
Dalaijargal Purevsuren Saif ur Rehman Gang Cui Jianmin Bao Nwe Nwe Htay Win 《哈尔滨工业大学学报(英文版)》2015,22(6):76-84
As the number of objectives increases, the performance of the Pareto dominance-based Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization (EMO) algorithms such as NSGA-II, SPEA2 severely deteriorates due to the drastic increase in the Pareto-incomparable solutions. We propose a sorting method which classifies these incomparable solutions into several ordered classes by using the decision maker's (DM) preference information. This is accomplished by designing an interactive evolutionary algorithm and constructing convex cones. This method allows the DMs to drive the search process toward a preferred region of the Pareto optimal front. The performance of the proposed algorithm is assessed for two, three, and four-objective knapsack problems. The results demonstrate the algorithm's ability to converge to the most preferred point. The evaluation and comparison of the results indicate that the proposed approach gives better solutions than that of NSGA-II. In addition, the approach is more efficient compared to NSGA-II in terms of the number of generations required to reach the preferred point. 相似文献
9.
Thermoelectric properties of mechanically alloyed iron disilicides consolidated by various processes
Mn doped p-type iron disilicide powders have been produced by a mechanical alloying process. As-milled powders were of metastable
state and mostly transformed to β-FeSi2 phase by subsequent isothermal annealing. As-milled powders were consolidated by various processes such as sintering of the
cold compact in vacuum, vacuum hot pressing (VHP), and spray drying/atmospheric plasma thermal spraying. Phase transitions
during the processes were investigated using XRD, EDS, and SEM. As-consolidated specimens consisted of a mixture of α-Fe2Si5 and ε-FeSi phases, which were gradually transformed into a thermoelectric semiconducting α-FeSi2 phase by subsequent isothermal annealing in the vicinity of 845°C in vacuum. However, some residual α and ε phases remained
even after prolonged annealing. Thermoelectric properties were measured as a function of temperature and correlated with phase
transformation. They showed optimum values in the vacuum hot pressed specimen due to a higher fraction of β phase and/or higher
density. 相似文献
10.
Here, we study the problem of a rotating tethered satellite system (TSS) orientation. The rotation TSS is used for propellantless delivery of the payload from low earth orbits to geostationary orbits or other transfer orbits. Driving the angular positions to correct desired orientation in rendezvous and tossing moments, in fact, is important operation in many real sceneries. We suggest the mathematical model describing the dynamics of TSS and catch mechanism/payload rendezvous with external disturbance terms. Here is shown that using sliding mode control (SMC), we are able to control successfully the position of TSS. The conventional and adaptive versions of SMC are considered. We show that SMC with the gain matrix adaptation based on the equivalent control method can significantly reduce the undesirable chattering effect provoking possible damages of TSS. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献