A new non-random chromosomal translocation t(3;6)(q27;p21.3) associated with BCL6 rearrangement in two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

We describe two cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with t(3;6)(q27;p21.3) and BCL6 rearrangement. The first case was in a 78-year old woman, whose performance status (PS) was 1, the serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was elevated, and the Ann Arbor stage was IIIA with no extra nodal lymphomatous site. The pathological diagnosis from a biopsy of the inguinal lymph node was 'malignant lymphoma (ML), follicular, small cleaved' according to the Working Formulation. Complete remission was achieved. Although she had relapse in 1992, remission was obtained again. The second case was in a 62-year old man, whose PS was 1, the serum LDH was normal, and Ann Arbor stage was IVA with the involvement of the small intestine. Histological diagnosis of the cervical lymph node was 'ML, diffuse, large cell'. Complete remission was obtained without relapse. The 3q27 translocations, found in 20-30% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, are unique in having multiple chromosomal translocation partners. Chromosome band 6p21.3 is one of these partner sites that may be the site of a novel gene. The two cases presented here show that this translocation is a non-random chromosomal change involving 3q27 and BCL6. Since t(3;6) was the sole karyotypic abnormality in one case, this translocation may play a role in lymphomagenesis.     

Band Gap Modification of Diamond Photonic Crystals by Changing the Volume Fraction of the Dielectric Lattice

Photonic crystals with a diamond structure of epoxy lattices in which TiO₂-based ceramic particles are dispersed were fabricated by stereolithography. The periodicity of the lattice was designed to reflect electromagnetic waves in the gigahertz range. The volume fraction (β) of the dielectric lattice medium was modified from 14% to 33% by changing the rod diameter of the lattice. The photonic band gap was observed along Γ-L 〈111〉, Γ-X 〈100〉, and Γ-K 〈110〉 directions and the complete photonic band gap was formed at over β= 20%. The width of the forbidden gap increased gradually when the β increased over 14%, and reached 2.4 GHz at β= 33%. These results agreed with the band calculation using the plane wave expansion method.     

Structure and properties of nanocomposites based on poly(butylene succinate) and organically modified montmorillonite

Poly(butylene succinate) and organically modified montmorillonite nanocomposites with there different compositions were prepared via melt blending in a twin‐screw extruder. The structure of the nanocomposites was studied with X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, which revealed the formation of intercalated nanocomposites, regardless of the silicate loading. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed a substantial increase in the storage modulus of the nanocomposites over the entire temperature range investigated. The tensile property measurements showed a relative increase in the stiffness with a simultaneous decrease in the yield strength in comparison with that of neat poly(butylene succinate). The oxygen gas barrier property of neat poly(butylene succinate) improved after nanocomposite preparation with organically modified montmorillonite. The effect of the layered‐silicate loading on the melt‐state linear viscoelastic behavior of the intercalated nanocomposites was also investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 777–785, 2006     

An architecture framework for an adaptive extensible processor

To improve the performance of embedded processors, an effective technique is collapsing critical computation subgraphs as application-specific instruction set extensions and executing them on custom functional units. The problem with this approach is the immense cost and the long times required to design a new processor for each application. As a solution to this issue, we propose an adaptive extensible processor in which custom instructions (CIs) are generated and added after chip-fabrication. To support this feature, custom functional units are replaced by a reconfigurable matrix of functional units (FUs). A systematic quantitative approach is used for determining the appropriate structure of the reconfigurable functional unit (RFU). We also introduce an integrated framework for generating mappable CIs on the RFU. Using this architecture, performance is improved by up to 1.33, with an average improvement of 1.16, compared to a 4-issue in-order RISC processor. By partitioning the configuration memory, detecting similar/subset CIs and merging small CIs, the size of the configuration memory is reduced by 40%.     

Polytetrafluoroethylene processing characteristics using high-energy X-ray

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microstructures’ processing characteristics using X-ray photo dcomposition and desorption are studied in the highest energy region (2 keV to >12 keV). While the exposed surface states are seen melting and boiling from the remaining bubble structure of the irradiated surface, basic photochemistry of PTFE is also same as previous reports and high-aspect ratio structures are successfully formed. We developed new Ni stencil electroformed stencil masks and successfully fabricated first and practical example of PTFE micro fluidic parts. The characteristics of fabricated micro fluidic parts, a PTFE fluid filter for vertical fluid flow operation which works as passive valve, agreed with the calculated results. This suggests that the accuracy of patterning is adequate to apply this technique to fabricate microfluidic parts and other various microparts.     

Enzyme-linked immunosorvent assay using vertical microreactor stack with microbeads

The advantages of vertical microreactor stack with three-dimensional (3D) structure for immunoassay are discussed. The vertical microreactor stack uses vertical fluid flow operation with multifunctional fluid filters. The multi function of fluid filter is very effective for micromixing and passive valve operation. The mechanism of micromixing is discussed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and we know that the mixing mechanism based on Coanda effect. To evaluate the micromixing performance of fluid filter, we demonstrated enzyme reaction with unique repeat mixing operation. As the results, we proved that the fluid filter has very effective mixing performance. The detection limit, which demonstrated by competition enzyme-linked immunosorvent assay (ELISA), is comparable with recommended detection limit, which suggested by Japanese ministry for the environment.     

High efficiency mixing by the use of cross-linked micro capillary fluid filter

A novel type passive mixing device that causes the three-dimensional flow was proposed. This mixer consists of the integrated capillary bundle structure. And the capillaries ware cross-linked each other. So it is called cross-linked micro capillary filter. The mixing effect of the cross-linked micro capillary filter was calculated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The fluid behaviour in the fine three-dimensional structure could be analysed by the use of CFD. In the result of CFD calculation, the cross-linked micro capillary filter estimated high mixing effect. Moreover, the mixing efficiency was become higher by change the cross-linked form. The calculation result was decided the form of the cross-linked micro capillary filter. And this filter was fabricated by application of the Deep X-ray lithography. To form the cross-linked capillary, it was operated twice exposures. In these exposures, respectively the exposure stage was tilted to difference angle. The cross-linked capillary filter fabricated in this way was applied to vertical fluid flow operation. This cross-linked capillary filter could hold and transmit the fluid by the switchover of in impressed pressure. Herewith the cross-linked micro capillary filter showed availability as high efficiency mixing device.     

Te concentration dependent photoemission and inverse-photoemission study of FeSe1?xTex

We have characterized the electronic structure of FeSe_1−xTe_x for various x values using soft x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (SXPES), high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES) and inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPES). The SXPES valence band spectral shape shows that the 2 eV feature in FeSe, which was ascribed to the lower Hubbard band in previous theoretical studies, becomes less prominent with increasing x. HRPES exhibits systematic x dependence of the structure near the Fermi level (E_F): its splitting near E_F and filling of the pseudogap in FeSe. IPES shows two features, near E_F and approximately 6 eV above E_F; the former may be related to the Fe 3d states hybridized with chalcogenide p states, while the latter may consist of plane-wave-like and Se d components. In the incident electron energy dependence of IPES, the density of states near E_F for FeSe and FeTe has the Fano lineshape characteristic of resonant behavior. These compounds exhibit different resonance profiles, which may reflect the differences in their electronic structures. By combining the PES and IPES data the on-site Coulomb energy was estimated at 3.5 eV for FeSe.     

Preparation and characterization of nanoporous films derived from alicyclic copolyimides having pendent poly(propyleneglycol) groups

Nanoporous films were prepared with alicyclic copolyimides (coPIs) having polypropylene glycol (PPG) side chains by way of spontaneous phase separation in the film forming process and the subsequent thermal degradation of PPG moieties. PIs having various content (6.5, 11.9, 26.3, 52.7 wt%) and different length (M_w = 1.2 × 10³ and 2.4 × 10³) of PPG side chains were examined in order to clarify the relationship between chemical structure and pore characteristics. Nanopores were formed by heating the coPI films at 200 °C for 9 h under slightly reduced pressure. The size and the number of the pores observed by SEM varied depending on the content and molecular weight of PPG moieties. In many cases, the pore size was larger than those of the reported values for related aromatic copolyimide films. The dielectric constant of the nanoporous films ranged from 2.52 to 3.38.