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In this paper, we explore two techniques for reducing memory latency in bus-based multiprocessors. The first one, designed for sector caches, is a snoopy cache coherence protocol that uses a large transfer block to take advantage of spatial locality, while using a small coherence block (called a subblock) to avoid false sharing. The second technique is read snarfing (or read broadcasting), in which all caches can acquire data transmitted in response to a read request to update invalid blocks in their own cache.
We evaluated the two techniques by simulating 6 applications that exhibit a variety of reference patterns. We compared the performance of the new protocol against that of the Illinois protocol with both small and large block sizes and found that it was effective in reducing memory latency and providing more consistent, good results than the Illinois protocol with a given line size. Read snarfing also improved performance mostly for protocols that use large line sizes. 相似文献
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Alawiya Reslan Juliano G. Haddad Liadrine Moukendza Koundi Philippe Desprs Jean-Loup Bascands Gilles Gadea 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) became a real threat to human health due to the lack of vaccine and effective antiviral treatment. The virus has recently been responsible for a global outbreak leading to millions of infected cases. ZIKV complications were highlighted in adults with Guillain–Barré syndrome and in newborns with increasing numbers of congenital disorders ranging from mild developmental delays to fatal conditions. The ability of ZIKV to establish a long-term infection in diverse organs including the kidneys has been recently documented but the consequences of such a viral infection are still debated. Our study aimed to determine whether the efficiency of ZIKV growth in kidney cells relates to glucose concentration. Human kidney HK-2 cells were infected with different ZIKV strains in presence of normal and high glucose concentrations. Virological assays showed a decrease in viral replication without modifying entry steps (viral binding, internalization, fusion) under high glucose conditions. This decrease replication was associated with a lower virus progeny and increased cell viability when compared to ZIKV-infected HK-2 cells in normal glucose concentration. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that an elevated glucose level influences ZIKV replication level with an effect on kidney cell survival. 相似文献
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G Bompart I Tack E Marin Casta?o JB Pesquero JP Girolami JL Bascands 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,32(1-3):99-101
The effect of subcutaneous injection of cyclosporine (20 mg/kg/day for 3 days) on the expression of kallikrein (Kal) and bradykinin 2 receptor (BK2) mRNA in the rat renal cortex was examined. CsA decreased significantly Kal and BK2 mRNA expression in the kidney cortex. These results indicate that the kallikrein-kinin system may participate in the genesis or the aggravation of the renal haemodynamic effect induced by long term administration of CsA. 相似文献
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Observed peptide gas-phase fragmentation patterns are a complex function of many variables. To systematically probe this phenomenon, an array of 40 peptides was synthesized for study. The array of sequences was designed to hold certain variables (peptide length) constant and randomize or balance others (peptide amino acid distribution and position). A high-quality tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data set was acquired for each peptide for all observed charge states on multiple MS instruments, quadrupole-time-of-flight and quadrupole ion trap. The data were analyzed as a function of total charge state and number of mobile protons. Previously known dissociation trends were observed, validating our approach. In addition, the general influence of basic amino acids on dissociation could be determined because, in contrast to the more widely studied tryptic peptides, the amino acids H, K, and R were positionally distributed. Interestingly, our results suggest that cleavage at all basic amino acids is suppressed when a mobile proton is available. Cleavage at H becomes favored only under conditions where a partially mobile proton is present, a caveat to the previously reported trend of enhanced cleavage at H. Finally, all acquired data were used as a benchmark to determine how well these sequences would have been identified in a database search using a common algorithm, Mascot. 相似文献
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Nanjiang Chen Richard Ducloux Christel Pecquet Julien Malrieux Maxime Thonnerieux Min Wan Jean-Loup Chenot 《International Journal of Material Forming》2011,4(1):45-54
As one of important mechanical joining methods, rivet joints are widely used in buildings, bridges, aircrafts and automotives and in many other fields. Many variables have influences on the response of the rivet joints, such as the geometry of the joints, the material parameters of the parts, the clearance of the assembly, etc. In this paper, a finite element numerical model is developed for the analysis and optimization of the riveting process. Our approach is three-dimensional in order to be able to model non axisymmetric situations of riveting and testing of the joint strength. Four different sizes of solid rivets are considered for simulation and experimental study of the process. The comparison of the results between the numerical simulations and the experiments allows us to validate our approach. 相似文献
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Marc Abouaf Jean-Loup Chenot Jean-Luc Marcelin 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》1983,19(10):1453-1465
This paper addresses the problem of thermo-elastic deflection in beams using a two-dimensional finite elemement idealization of the cross-section. Bending effects are introduced in a gerneralized plane strain formulation assuming that constant curvature dominates the flexural deformation. The method leads to a plane strain calculation which is very interesting from the computational point of view; thermal deendence of the physical properties can be taken into account, which would be inconceivable in a three-dimensional problem. 相似文献
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Mamadou S. Diallo Alejandro Strachan Jean-Loup Faulon William A. Goddard III. 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2004,22(7):877-899
This article describes a new method for estimating the thermodynamic properties of asphaltenes. To illustrate this methodology, we used a computer assisted structure elucidation software (SIGNATURE) to generate an ensemble of 10 isomers for Arabian Light (AL) asphaltenes compatible with (i) analytical data from elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, 1-D 1H/13C solution NMR and vapor pressure osmometry and (ii) literature data on the molecular composition of asphaltenes. The 10 model isomers were packed into a 3-D periodic cell to form the condensed phase model for the fraction of bulk AL asphaltenes with a number average molar mass (Mn) approximately equal to 1280 Dalton. This cell was subsequently used in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to estimate the molar volume, density, enthalpy, specific heat at constant pressure, solubility parameter, and isothermal compressibility of the AL asphaltene fraction. The results of the MD simulations compare favorably with the available experimental data. 相似文献