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1.
Giulia RabottinoAuthor Vitae Federica CaselliAuthor Vitae 《Computer Standards & Interfaces》2011,33(2):128-135
At present, mammography is the most effective examination for an early diagnosis of breast cancer. Nevertheless, the detection of cancer signs in mammograms is a difficult procedure owing to the great number of non-pathological structures which are also present in the image. Recent statistics show that in current breast cancer screenings 10%-25% of the tumors are missed by the radiologists. For this reason, a lot of research is currently being done to develop systems for Computer Aided Detection (CADe). Probably, some causes of the false-negative screening examinations are that tumoral masses have varying dimension and irregular shape, their borders are often ill-defined and their contrast is very low, thus making difficult the discrimination from parenchymal structures. Therefore, in a CADe system a preliminary segmentation procedure has to be implemented in order to separate the mass from the background tissue. In this way, various characteristics of the segmented mass can be evaluated and used in a classification step to discriminate benign and malignant cases. In this paper, we describe an effective algorithm for massive lesions segmentation based on a region-growing technique and we provide full details the performance evaluation procedure used in this specific context. 相似文献
2.
Federica Cena 《Journal of Intelligent Information Systems》2011,36(2):131-166
Nowadays there is a great number of Web information systems that build a model of the user and adapt their services according
to the needs and preferences maintained by the user model (UM). One of the most challenging issues of this scenario is the
possibility to enable different systems to cooperate in order to exchange the available information about a user. Our aim
is to create rich (and scalable) communication protocols and infrastructures to enable consumers and providers of UM data
to interact. Our solution for dealing with such an issue is to exploit Web standards for interoperability (i.e. Semantic Web
and Web Services) for implementing simple atomic communication, and a dialogue model for implementing enhanced communication
capabilities. In particular, two systems can start a semantics-enhanced Dialogue Game as a form of negotiation to clarify
the meaning of the requested concepts when a shared knowledge model does not exist, and to approximate the response when the
exact one is not available. We propose a distributed semantic conversation framework based on the Sesame semantic environment
for the exchange of user model knowledge on the Web. Systems have to expose their user model data as a Web Service, and to
exploit a public dialogue knowledge base to start the dialogue. The main advantage of the approach is to allow systems to
deal with difficult situations by starting an appropriate dialogue game instead of stopping the communication as in the traditional
“all-or-nothing” Web Service approach. On the basis of a preliminary evaluation, the approach has shown an improvement of
the adaptation results provided by the systems we tested. 相似文献
3.
In this work we present Bio-PEPA, a process algebra for the modelling and the analysis of biochemical networks. It is a modification of PEPA, originally defined for the performance analysis of computer systems, in order to handle some features of biological models, such as stoichiometry and the use of general kinetic laws. Bio-PEPA may be seen as an intermediate, formal, compositional representation of biological systems, on which different kinds of analyses can be carried out. Bio-PEPA is enriched with some notions of equivalence. Specifically, the isomorphism and strong bisimulation for PEPA have been considered and extended to our language. Finally, we show the translation of a biological model into the new language and we report some analysis results. 相似文献
4.
Julia Andreeva Simone Campana Federica Fanzago Juha Herrala 《Journal of Grid Computing》2008,6(1):3-13
In this paper we present the experience of the ATLAS and CMS High-Energy Physics (HEP) experiments at the Large Hadron Collider
(LHC) with the LCG/EGEE Grid infrastructure. The activity developed around the following two main lines: large-scale physics
and detector simulations and end-user analysis. The LCG/EGEE Grid infrastructure offers a large amount of computing and storage
resources and is growing very rapidly. It provides the natural environment for large-scale physics and detector simulations.
Also, the analysis of these detector simulation data (and in the near future of the reconstructed data from physics collisions)
requires efficient end-users access to Grid resources. In this paper, the main findings and lessons learned in terms of performance,
robustness and scalability of the whole system are discussed in detail. 相似文献
5.
Veronica Dimuccio Linda Bellucci Marianna Genta Cristina Grange Maria Felice Brizzi Maddalena Gili Sara Gallo Maria Laura Centomo Federica Collino Benedetta Bussolati 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(20)
Simple SummaryDiabetic nephropathy is one of the most frequent complications of diabetes, resulting from diffuse damage to different kidney cells. The identification of subjects at risk is mandatory to prevent its development and provide appropriate therapies reducing the unmanageable evolution towards end-stage kidney disease. The aim of this work was to identify urinary-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) miRNA cargo to be used as biomarker of kidney damage in diabetic patients. The miRNA profile was then correlated with the molecular mechanism associated with the glomerular and tubular damage using a diabetic-like model. In patients, miR145 and miR126 in urinary EVs increased together with albuminuria. MiR145 and miR126 increased in parallel in EVs from renal epithelial cells undergoing transition to a fibrotic mesenchymal phenotype. These data unveiled a role for miR126 and miR145 as the biomarkers of damage progression and proteinuria development in diabetic nephropathy. AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe kidney-related complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and the most frequent cause of end-stage kidney disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in the urine mainly derive from the cells of the nephron, thus representing an interesting tool mirroring the kidney’s physiological state. In search of the biomarkers of disease progression, we here assessed a panel of urinary EV miRNAs previously related to DN in type 2 diabetic patients stratified based on proteinuria levels. We found that during DN progression, miR145 and miR126 specifically increased in urinary EVs from diabetic patients together with albuminuria. In vitro, miRNA modulation was assessed in a model of TGF-β1-induced glomerular damage within a three-dimensional perfusion system, as well as in a model of tubular damage induced by albumin and glucose overload. Both renal tubular cells and podocytes undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition released EVs containing increased miR145 and miR126 levels. At the same time, miR126 levels were reduced in EVs released by glomerular endothelial cells. This work highlights a modulation of miR126 and miR145 during the progression of kidney damage in diabetes as biomarkers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. 相似文献
6.
Maria Beatrice Morelli Massimo Nabissi Consuelo Amantini Federica Maggi Lucia Ricci-Vitiani Roberto Pallini Giorgio Santoni 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(23)
The survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) is poor. The main cause is the presence of glioma stem cells (GSCs), exceptionally resistant to temozolomide (TMZ) treatment. This last may be related to the heterogeneous expression of ion channels, among them TRPML2. Its mRNA expression was evaluated in two different neural stem cell (NS/PC) lines and sixteen GBM stem-like cells by qRT-PCR. The response to TMZ was evaluated in undifferentiated or differentiated GSCs, and in TRPML2-induced or silenced GSCs. The relationship between TRPML2 expression and responsiveness to TMZ treatment was evaluated by MTT assay showing that increased TRPML2 mRNA levels are associated with resistance to TMZ. This research was deepened by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT pathways as well as ABC and SLC drug transporters were involved. Finally, the relationship between TRPML2 expression and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patient-derived GSCs was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis. The expression of TRPML2 mRNA correlates with worse OS and PFS in GBM patients. Thus, the expression of TRPML2 in GSCs influences the responsiveness to TMZ in vitro and affects OS and PFS in GBM patients. 相似文献
7.
Teodolinda Di Risi Mariella Cuomo Roberta Vinciguerra Sara Ferraro Rosa Della Monica Davide Costabile Michela Buonaiuto Federica Trio Ettore Capoluongo Roberta Visconti Eleonora Riccio Antonio Pisani Lorenzo Chiariotti 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(20)
Anderson–Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked disease caused by a functional deficit of the α-galactosidase A enzyme. FD diagnosis relies on the clinical manifestations and research of GLA gene mutations. However, because of the lack of a clear genotype/phenotype correlation, FD diagnosis can be challenging. Recently, several studies have highlighted the importance of investigating DNA methylation patterns for confirming the correct diagnosis of different rare Mendelian diseases, but to date, no such studies have been reported for FD. Thus, in the present investigation, we analyzed for the first time the genome-wide methylation profile of a well-characterized cohort of patients with Fabry disease. We profiled the methylation status of about 850,000 CpG sites in 5 FD patients, all carrying the same mutation in the GLA gene (exon 6 c.901C>G) and presenting comparable low levels of α-Gal A activity. We found that, although the whole methylome profile did not discriminate the FD group from the unaffected one, several genes were significantly differentially methylated in Fabry patients. Thus, we provide here a proof of concept, to be tested in patients with different mutations and in a larger cohort, that the methylation state of specific genes can potentially identify Fabry patients and possibly predict organ involvement and disease evolution. 相似文献
8.
Claudia Riccardi Federica DAria Dominga Fasano Filomena Anna Digilio Maria Rosaria Carillo Jussara Amato Laura De Rosa Simona Paladino Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone Daniela Montesarchio Concetta Giancola 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(20)
Two analogues of the MS3 aptamer, which was previously shown to have an exquisite capability to selectively bind and modulate the activity of mutant huntingtin (mHTT), have been here designed and evaluated in their physicochemical and biological properties. Featured by a distinctive propensity to form complex G-quadruplex structures, including large multimeric aggregates, the original 36-mer MS3 has been truncated to give a 33-mer (here named MS3-33) and a 17-mer (here named MS3-17). A combined use of different techniques (UV, CD, DSC, gel electrophoresis) allowed a detailed physicochemical characterization of these novel G-quadruplex-forming aptamers, tested in vitro on SH-SY5Y cells and in vivo on a Drosophila Huntington’s disease model, in which these shorter MS3-derived oligonucleotides proved to have improved bioactivity in comparison with the parent aptamer. 相似文献
9.
Karine Loth Nicolas Parisot Franoise Paquet Hugo Terrasson Catherine Sivignon Isabelle Rahioui Mlanie Ribeiro Lopes Karen Gaget Gabrielle Duport Agns F. Delmas Vincent Aucagne Abdelaziz Heddi Federica Calevro Pedro da Silva 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(20)
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are among the most detrimental insects for agricultural plants, and their management is a great challenge in agronomical research. A new class of proteins, called Bacteriocyte-specific Cysteine-Rich (BCR) peptides, provides an alternative to chemical insecticides for pest control. BCRs were initially identified in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. They are small disulfide bond-rich proteins expressed exclusively in aphid bacteriocytes, the insect cells that host intracellular symbiotic bacteria. Here, we show that one of the A. pisum BCRs, BCR4, displays prominent insecticidal activity against the pea aphid, impairing insect survival and nymphal growth, providing evidence for its potential use as a new biopesticide. Our comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses indicate that BCRs are restricted to the aphid lineage. The 3D structure of BCR4 reveals that this peptide belongs to an as-yet-unknown structural class of peptides and defines a new superfamily of defensins. 相似文献
10.
Salvatore Ulisse Enke Baldini Daniele Pironi Federica Gagliardi Domenico Tripodi Augusto Lauro Sabino Carbotta Danilo Tarroni Matteo DArmiento Aldo Morrone Flavio Forte Flaminia Frattaroli Severino Persechino Teresa Odorisio Vito DAndrea Eleonora Lori Salvatore Sorrenti 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(17)
Clinical and epidemiological evidence indicate a relationship between thyroid diseases and melanoma. In particular, the hypothyroidism condition appears to promote melanoma spread, which suggests a protective role of thyroid hormones against disease progression. In addition, experimental data suggest that, in addition to thyroid hormones, other hormonal players of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis, namely the thyrotropin releasing hormone and the thyrotropin, are likely to affect melanoma cells behavior. This information warrants further clinical and experimental studies in order to build a precise pattern of action of the HPT hormones on melanoma cells. An improved knowledge of the involved molecular mechanism(s) could lead to a better and possibly personalized clinical management of these patients. 相似文献