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排序方式: 共有437条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
SD Walter SE Birnie LD Marrett SM Taylor D Reynolds J Davies JJ Drake M Hayes 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,84(3):367-376
OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were (1) to describe an analysis of the spatial pattern of cancer incidence in Ontario and (2) to discuss the quality of data in the Ontario Cancer Registry with respect to the accuracy of local cancer rates. METHODS: Cancer incidence rates were calculated for 22 cancer sites in 49 counties of Ontario during 1976 to 1986. Capture-recapture methods were used to estimate completeness of case registration, and completeness of residence information was also assessed. Spatial autocorrelation was used in measuring the geographic pattern of incidence rates. Comparisons were also made between sexes and with earlier data from 1966 to 1975. RESULTS: The quality of the geographic data in the registry appeared good, and corrections for incomplete or inaccurate registration had little impact. About one third of the sex-site combinations showed some evidence of spatial patterning in the cancer rate. Particularly strong regional variation was noted for cancers of the stomach, lung, uterus, and prostate. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis revealed a number of cancers with significant spatial patterning of risk. Further work is needed to relate the cancer data to other information on potential life-style and environmental factors. 相似文献
2.
Courtney Marrett Alexandre Moulart Jonathan Colton Abbas Tcharkhtchi 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2003,43(4):822-830
The dielectric properties of a ceramic powder (BaTiO3) filled thermoplastic elastomer (EPDM TPE) were investigated for use in a flexible electromagnetic crystal. Materials were produced that had a high dielectric constant (approximately 9) and low loss tangent (less than 0.01). Materials were extruded and injection molded so as to povide low‐cost processing. Mechanical and electromagnetic test results showed the effect of processing conditions on the final quality of the composite. The shear rate during processing and the number of mixing cycles were found to affect the final material characteristics significantly. An electromagnetic crystal woven from extruded rods showed good reflectivity in the 10–15 GHz region. 相似文献
3.
We examined the ability of anti-human recombinant interleukin-2 (hu rIL-2) monoclonal antibody DMS-1.10 to increase serum half-life of hu rIL-2, and the effect of this complex on inhibition of tumor progression in a B16-F10 murine melanoma model. In C57B1/6 mice, intravenous (i.v.) injection of DMS-1.10 premixed with 1 x 10(4) units (U) of hu rIL-2 at a 1:1 molar ratio extended serum half-life greater than 10-fold (222 min) when compared to the same dose of hu rIL-2 alone (20 min). In a murine tumor model, multiple intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of non-neutralizing DMS-1.10 premixed with hu rIL-2 at a 5:1 molar ratio reduced the growth rate of subcutaneous (s.c.) B16-F10 tumor in C57B1/6 mice by 64% when compared to PBS and irrelevant antibody treated controls. Although similar treatment with hu rIL-2 alone reduced tumor growth rate by 46%, it was significantly less effective than the premixed treatment. Results from a flow cytometry assay confirm B16-F10 does not have IL-2 receptors, precluding direct inhibition of tumor growth by hu rIL-2 treatments. We propose that therapeutic efficacy of hu rIL-2 is improved by prolonging the in vivo half-life with an anti-IL-2 antibody, thus augmenting hu rIL-2 bioactivity and enhancing the hosts immune response against tumor. 相似文献
4.
5.
Alqahtani Abdulaziz Sale Tom Ronayne Michael J. Hemenway Courtney 《Water Resources Management》2021,35(2):429-445
Water Resources Management - Sustained pumping of groundwater can lead to declining water levels in wellfields and concerns regarding the sustainability of groundwater resources. Aquifer Storage... 相似文献
6.
Santosh K. Verma Zhe Zhao Theodore K. Courtney Wen-Ruey Chang David A. Lombardi Yueng-Hsiang Huang 《Ergonomics》2014,57(12):1919-1926
Several studies have indicated that slip-resistant shoes may have a positive effect on reducing the risk of slips and falls, a leading cause of injury at work. Few studies, however, have examined how duration of shoe usage affects their slip-resistance properties. This study examined the association between the duration of slip-resistant shoes usage and the self-reported rate of slipping in limited-service restaurant workers. A total of 475 workers from 36 limited-service restaurants in the USA were recruited to participate in a 12-week prospective study of workplace slipping. Of the 475 participants, 83 reported changing to a new pair of shoes at least once during the 12-week follow-up. The results show that slip-resistant shoes worn for less than six months were moderately more effective than those worn for more than six months. Changing to a new pair of shoes among those wearing slip-resistant shoes at baseline was associated with a 55% reduction in the rate of slipping (RR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.23–0.89). Further research is needed to develop criteria for the replacement of slip-resistant shoes.
Practitioner Summary: The duration of usage impacts the slip-resistance properties of slip-resistant shoes. Slip-resistant shoes worn for less than six months were moderately more effective in reducing slips than slip-resistant shoes worn for more than six months. Shoe use policies should not only encourage or require their use but also include guidance on replacing slip-resistant shoes at regular intervals. 相似文献
7.
To determine if the contribution of slipperiness to occupational slip, trip and fall (STF)-related injuries could be isolated from injury surveillance systems in the USA, the UK and Sweden, six governmental systems and one industrial system were consulted. The systems varied in their capture approaches and the degree of documentation of exposure to slipping. The burden of STF-related occupational injury ranged from 20 to 40% of disabling occupational injuries in the developed countries studied. The annual direct cost of fall-related occupational injuries in the USA alone was estimated to be approximately US$6 billion. Slipperiness or slipping were found to contribute to between 40 and 50% of fall-related injuries. Slipperiness was more often a factor in same level falls than in falls to lower levels. The evaluation of the burden of slipperiness was hampered by design limitations in many of the data systems utilized. The resolution of large-scale injury registries should be improved by collecting more detailed incident sequence information to better define the full scope and contribution of slipperiness to occupational STF-related injuries. Such improvements would facilitate the allocation of prevention resources towards reduction of first-event risk factors such as slipping. 相似文献
8.
The paper describes CIRAS (Confidential Incident Reporting and Analysis System), a confidential reporting system developed
by the authors in collaboration with ScotRail, the Health and Safety Executive, Railtrack and the (now defunct) British Rail
Board. After a two-year pilot/developmental study with ScotRail during 1995–97, the system is now subscribed to by all but
one of the major train operating companies, rail infrastructure and maintenance companies with a presence in Scotland; plus
a developing profile in the rest of the UK. CIRAS gathers data in three ways: (i) from an initial report form or telephone
call, (ii) from a structured follow-up telephone questionnaire, and (iii) from an in-depth interview with a researcher (telephone
or face-to-face, according to priority). The interviews bring to light details of personal motive, and of intended/unintended
actions, which are not commonly found on company-run databases because of their association with disciplinary procedures.
Information is processed through a human factors model and fed back to the companies involved, in disidentified form, to take
corrective action. The basic structure of the human-factors model is described; data are presented on reports received to
date which have been processed through this model. The system has recently been recommended by a UK Parliamentary Committee
and by Railtrack Safety and Standards Directorate for extension to the UK network as a whole. 相似文献
9.
During liquid phase sintering solid particles move about within the liquid and make contact with each other. Microstructural
examination of liquid phase sintered alloys clearly indicates that some of these contacts lead to particle coalescence even
in systems in which wetting of the solid by the liquid is presumed to occur. Under these circumstances, the grain boundary
formed by the particles must have a rather low energy and hence, misorientation. In this study, attention is directed at the
problem of calculating the probability of a collision between particles that lead to the formation of a low angle grain boundary
and hence, coalescence. By making simple but physically plausible assumptions about the nature of low angle grain boundaries,
the coalescence probabilityp
c
can be determined as a function of a parameterθ where θ =
withγ
SL
=solid-liquid surface energy,γ
ss
= average solid-solid grain boundary energy and У is the angular extent of the energy cusp associated with a low angle grain
boundary. A simple analytical expression ofp
c
,p
c
= 0.1θ (1-cosθ) is derived and found to be in excellent agreement with other techniques for calculatingp
c
for values ofθ ≲ 10 deg, the range most probable for liquid phase sintered alloys. Some discussion of the accuracy and assumptions of the
present model is also given. 相似文献
10.
Milliken Garrett W.; Ferra Gina; Kraiter Kyle S.; Ross Courtney L. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,119(4):430
Sixteen sifakas (11 Propithecus verreauxi coquereli, 2 Propithecus verreauxi verreauxi form majori, and 3 Propithecus tattersalli) were videotaped as they fed on leaves in an arboreal context. The hand used to feed and the hand used to maintain postural stability was coded. For each subject, the lateral bias of the hand used to feed was opposite the hand used in postural support. Seven sifakas displayed no bias for feeding or posture-related hand use, 7 sifakas displayed significant feeding-related reach preferences for pulling branches to the mouth (5 left- and 2 right-hand preferences), and 9 sifakas exhibited significant hand preferences for postural support (2 left-, 7 right-hand preferent). Although these data do not strongly support the postural origins theory of behavioral lateralization, the modal preference pattern for sifakas that displayed significant hand preferences for posture and feeding involve a left bias for feeding and a right bias for postural support. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献