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1.
A method for the determination of 5 triazine herbicides and 12 degradation products in environmental water samples using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESI/MS) has been developed. The pesticides in water were extracted with two types of solid phase: a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer and a graphitized carbon black. Desorption solvents for the extracted compounds were acetone for the styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer and methanol for the graphitized carbon black. Overall recoveries from ground water and river water ranged from 73% to 111%. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.2 to 28 ng l(-1). This method was applied to several ground water samples. 相似文献
2.
Atsuko Kawata Tadashi Oishi Yoshitaka Fukada Yoshinori Shichida Tôru Yoshizawa 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1992,56(6):1157-1166
Types of photoreceptor cells in the retinas of 36 species of vertebrates (5 classes, 14 orders) were investigated immunocytochemically with monoclonal antibodies against chicken iodopsin (Io-mAb) and antiserum against bovine rhodopsin (Rh-As). In mammals, Rh-As labeled the outer segments of some photoreceptor cells in striped squirrels (a diurnal mammal) and those of most photoreceptor cells in mice (a nocturnal mammal), while Io-mAb labeled any photoreceptor cells in either of them. In all species of birds studied, Io-mAb labeled the principal and accessory members of double cones and single cones with a red oil droplet. Rh-As labeled single cones with a yellow or clear oil droplet in addition to rods. In turtles, both Rh-As and Io-mAb labeled single cones with a red or clear oil droplet and the principal (with a yellow oil droplet) and accessory members of double cones. This suggests that the visual pigments in these cones of turtles have common epitopes with bovine rhodopsin and chicken iodopsin. In Japanese grass lizards, single cones with a yellow oil droplet and double cones were immunoreactive to both Rh-As and Io-mAb. In snakes, rods and cones could not be distinguished but both positively and negatively stained cells were observed by the use of each antibody. In geckos, however, all photoreceptor cells were immunonegative to Io-mAb. In all species studied in amphibians, Rh-As labeled rods but not cones. Neither rods nor cones reacted with Io-mAb. In fishes, almost all species studied had well developed cones, and some of these cones were labeled by Rh-As. However, Io-mAb labeled the outer segments of some cones only in loaches. Rh-As labeled photoreceptor cells in all species of fishes studied. Thus, Rh-As recognized the outer segments of rods in all species studied from fishes to mammals, whereas the epitope recognized by Io-mAb is conserved in some species of fishes, most species of reptiles and all species of birds studied. 相似文献
3.
Bioavailability study of commercial sustained-release preparations of diclofenac sodium in gastrointestinal physiology regulated-dogs. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K Sagara Y Nagamatsu I Yamada M Kawata H Mizuta K Ogawa 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》1992,40(12):3303-3306
The gastrointestinal (GI) physiology of beagle dogs was regulated with a combined-treatment of intramuscular pentagastrin (10 micrograms/kg x 2) and intravenous atropine sulfate (0.02 mg/kg x 1). Here, the gastric acidity, the gastric emptying time and the small intestinal transit time in the regulated-dogs were respectively around pH 2, 0.7h and 4h, approximating those in healthy humans. The superiority of the regulated-dogs over the intact dogs was confirmed in comparative bioavailability studies by using two classes of commercial preparations. Both the conventional tablet and the sustained-release capsule of diclofenac sodium exhibited simple and similar average plasma concentration-time curves of free diclofenac in the intact dogs, while the latter preparation is reported to reveal a bimodal plasma curve of the drug in healthy humans. The regulated-dogs, however, permitted a bimodal average plasma pattern of the drug for the capsules due to an approximation of the GI physiology between humans and these classes of the dogs. The combined-treatment of beagle dogs with pentagastrin and atropine sulfate seems to supply a useful animal model in predicting the absorption characteristics of the sustained-release preparations and poor water-soluble drugs. 相似文献
4.
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6.
Complexes of the type (n-C
n
H2n
+1NH3)2SnX6 (0n 4 and X=Cl or Br) have been investigated with a variety of physico-chemical techniques. The structural phase transitions were found in some of these complexes. The temperature dependence of the Mössbauer spectral absorption area for (C2H5NH3)2SnCl6 and (C2H5NH3)2SnBr6 changed sharply at phase transition temperatures. The temperature dependences for (n-C4H9NH3)2SnCl6 and (n-C4H9NH3)2SnBr6 decreased gradually with an increase in temperature. The correlation between the temperature dependence of the spectral absorption area and the motion of n-C
n
H2n+1NH3
+ ions is discussed. 相似文献
7.
自行研制了电子碰撞离子化的飞行时间型质量分析器(TOFMS),用于物质的化学分析。用研制的TOFMS测量了Ar离子化的飞行时间谱和离子的部分电离截面积比与碰撞电子能量的依赖关系,将它与Stepshan等人的实验结果进行了比较。 相似文献
8.
Yamada K Yagishita S Tanaka H Tohyama K Adachi K Kaizaki S Kumagai H Inoue K Kitaura R Chang HC Kitagawa S Kawata S 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2004,10(11):2647-2660
Novel metal-complex assemblies constructed from the flexible hinge-like ligand H(2)bhnq (H(2)bhnq=2,2'-bi(3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone)) have been synthesized. The X-ray crystal structures of these compounds reveal that four types of architectures are accessible by variation of the metal ions. In copper(II) compounds 1-3, the chelating bhnq(2-) ions bridge copper(II) centers to form one-dimensional zigzag chains. The chains of 1-3 are arranged by hydrogen-bonding interactions and stacking interactions to produce porous structures. Cobalt(II) and zinc(II) compounds 4 and 5 form one-dimensional helical chains. In 4 and 5, the crystal packing induces spontaneous resolution of the helical chains with chiral cavities formed perpendicular to the helices. Nickel(II) compounds 6 and 7 form cyclic tetramers. The fourth architecture, a dimer (compound 8), is obtained by the reaction of zinc(II) and bhnq(2-) in MeOH. In these compounds, changes of the dihedral angles and the metal-coordination mode of the bhnq(2-) ion induce the structural versatility. The assemblies of the zigzag chains of the copper(II) compounds exhibit reversible vapochromic behavior. UV/Vis, powder X-ray diffraction, EPR, and adsorption isotherm measurements indicate that this vapochromic behavior is based on the hinge-like flexibility of the bhnq(2-) ion. 相似文献
9.
Adachi K Sugiyama Y Yoneda K Yamada K Nozaki K Fuyuhiro A Kawata S 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2005,11(22):6616-6628
Novel triply hydrogen bonded suprastructures based on [M(tdpd)2(L)2]2- (H2tdpd=1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-5,6-dioxo-2,3-pyrazinedicarbonitrile, L=solvent) and melamine-analogous cations have been synthesized and characterized. The use of anions containing two AAA sets from [M(tdpd)2(L)2]2- together with cations containing one DDD set (A=hydrogen-bond acceptor, D=hydrogen-bond donor) leads to the formation of complementary triply hydrogen bonded modules in the solid state. In all cases, the building module is further extended via additional hydrogen-bonding interactions to produce a tape, and tapes are assembled into sheets. These results show that a hydrogen-bonded module consisting of different kinds of building blocks, one of which is a metal complex that includes hydrogen-bond acceptor sites and the other is a hydrogen-bond donor molecule, will be attractive for constructing metal-containing supramolecular systems by the self-assembly technique. 相似文献
10.
We present the finding that photoluminescence intensity in ZnSe crystal is enhanced after exposure to a femtosecond laser beam. After the crystal was illuminated with laser light of 1.04 MW/cm(2) during 300 s, photoluminescence intensity was increased approximately 20%. The region in which photoluminescence intensity was enhanced was localized in the optical axis, because this phenomenon occurred in the two-photon excitation process. It is possible to achieve three-dimensional control of photoluminescence intensity by illumination with laser light. 相似文献