网球塔的理论分析与实验探究

借助网球之间的摩擦力,可以将网球垒成多层的“网球塔”.“网球塔”问题兼具趣味性、科学性和综合性,研究该问题对锻炼大学生的综合物理素养有重要意义.本文首先以形变程度和接触面积两方面的实验验证了所选网球可以视为刚体;其次,考虑网球条纹等因素测出了球上静摩擦因数与支持力间的关系,进一步给出了稳定网球塔的理论力学分析求解方法,并结合Adams仿真与实际实验进行了验证;最后,指出除顶层外,各层的球数都相同时,可通过改变球的堆积密度和构建“耦合”结构两种方式改变网球塔的结构,并讨论了相关求解中的超静定问题.     

Regular Small-World Network

According to the deficiencies in Watts and Strogatz＇s small-world network model, we present a new regular model to establish the small-world network. Besides the property of the small-world, this model has other properties such as accuracy in controlling the average shortest path length L, and the average clustering coefficient C, also regular network topology as well as enhanced network robustness. This method improves the construction of the small-world network essentially, so that the regular small-world network closely resembles the actual network. We also present studies on the relationships among the quantities of a variety of edges, L and C in regular small-world network in detail, This research lays the foundation for the establishment of the regular small-world network and acts as a good guidance for further research of this model and its applications.     

通过实验和理论验证Pt0/SrTiO3-δ复合催化剂双反应路径促进CO2还原(英文)

在以H₂O为质子源的光催化二氧化碳还原反应(CO₂RR)过程中,光解H₂O产氢气(H₂)被认为是一个竞争反应.因此,光催化CO₂RR过程需要抑制H₂的产生,以提高碳氢产物的选择性和产率.以CO₂和H₂为反应物的逆水气变换反应(RWGS)是常见的CO₂加氢反应,在较高的温度和催化剂作用下生成CO和H₂O.目前,光催化CO₂RR研究主要聚焦于产物的选择性,而有关光解H₂O产生的还原性气体H₂在光热效应的促进下成为CO₂RR中新的质子源研究较少.光热催化是一种新的高效催化反应方式,在反应过程中需要光照和加热.光照能够促进半导体光生载流子的激发,热效应则能降低反应物分子的活化势垒,并能够促进中间产物的表面迁移以及生成物的脱附.利用光热催化热力学和动力学上的有利条件,为以H₂     

An evolving network model with modular growth

In this paper, we propose an evolving network model growing fast in units of module, according to the analysis of the evolution characteristics in real complex networks. Each module is a small-world network containing several interconnected nodes and the nodes between the modules are linked by preferential attachment on degree of nodes. We study the modularity measure of the proposed model, which can be adjusted by changing the ratio of the number of inner-module edges and the number of inter-module edges. In view of the mean-field theory, we develop an analytical function of the degree distribution, which is verified by a numerical example and indicates that the degree distribution shows characteristics of the small-world network and the scale-free network distinctly at different segments. The clustering coefficient and the average path length of the network are simulated numerically, indicating that the network shows the small-world property and is affected little by the randomness of the new module.