Fe3O4/壳聚糖复合纳米粒子吸附剂的制备及其对Pb2+吸附性能

用乙二醇为溶剂,三氯化铁和尿素为起始反应试剂,柠檬酸为粒子表面修饰剂,通过一步溶剂热法制备Fe3 O4纳米粒子,然后以一定浓度配比的Na2 SO4与NaOH混合液为沉淀剂,通过沉淀聚合法制备Fe3 O4/壳聚糖复合纳米粒子吸附剂。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和物理特性测试仪(PPMS)表征样品的结构、形貌和磁性能,并使用原子吸收分光光度计(AAS)评价吸附剂对Pb2+的吸附去除性能。结果表明,Fe3O4/壳聚糖复合纳米粒子吸附剂是由磁性Fe3O4纳米球形粒子和鱼卵状壳聚糖纳米粒子聚集体复合而成,该吸附剂对Pb2+有很好的吸附去除性能,它对Pb2+的等温吸附线符合Langmuir模型,在温度298k和pH值5时,吸附剂对Pb2+的饱和吸附量为105.5mg/g。     

大气压放电等离子体柱的光谱研究

大气压放电等离子体柱在飞行器隐身技术方面具有非常重要的应用。利用同轴介质阻挡放电水电极装置,大气压下在氩气中放电产生了长达65 cm的均匀等离子体柱。利用光学方法研究了等离子体柱的放电机理为发光子弹传播。通过测量发现该子弹的传播速度约为0.6×105 m·s-1。采用发射光谱法测量了等离子体柱的发射光谱中谱线强度比随外加电压和驱动频率的变化关系,其相对强度之比表征了电子平均能量。结果表明电子平均能量随外加电压和驱动频率的增加而增加。本工作对大气压下气体放电的工业应用具有一定的意义,在军事飞行器隐身方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

Simulation of transition from Townsend mode to glow discharge mode in a helium dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure

The dielectric barrier discharge characteristics in helium at atmospheric pressure are simulated based on a one-dimensional fluid model. Under some discharge conditions, the results show that one discharge pulse per half voltage cycle usually appears when the amplitude of external voltage is low, while a glow-like discharge occurs at high voltage. For the one discharge pulse per half voltage cycle, the maximum of electron density appears near the anode at the beginning of the discharge, which corresponds to a Townsend discharge mode. The maxima of the electron density and the intensity of electric field appear in the vicinity of the cathode when the discharge current increases to some extent, which indicates the formation of a cathode-fall region. Therefore, the discharge has a transition from the Townsend mode to the glow discharge mode during one discharge pulse, which is consistent with previous experimental results.