聚己内酯在聚己内酯/聚乙烯基甲基醚共混体系中的结晶研究

通过示差扫描量热(DSC)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、小角X射线散射(SAXS)研究了聚己内酯(PCL)/聚乙烯基甲基醚(PVME)共混体系中PCL的结晶行为.研究结果表明,共混聚合物中PCL的结晶度几乎不随体系的组成而发生变化.共混物中PVME的存在没有改变PCL的晶体结构,但是随着PVME含量的增加,片晶之间的距离则大,这主要是由于非晶层增厚引起的.     

聚己内酯的等温与非等温结晶动力学研究

采用示差扫描量热(DSC)与同步辐射小角X射线散射(SR-SAXS)技术分别研究了聚己内酯(PCL)的等温与非等温结晶动力学及等温结晶过程中PCL片层结构的变化. 在等温结晶过程中, Avrami指数n≈3, 表明PCL以异相成核的三维球晶方式生长. 同时计算了折叠链表面自由能等结晶动力学参数. 在非等温结晶的过程中, Avrami指数n≈4, 表明PCL以均相成核的三维球晶方式生长. 同步辐射小角X射线散射数据分析表明, 在等温结晶过程中, 长周期与非晶层的平均厚度随着结晶时间的增加会经历先减小后几乎不变的过程, 而结晶层的平均厚度不随结晶时间变化而变化. 同时随着结晶温度的升高, 长周期、结晶层厚度与非晶层厚度等片层结构参数均增加.     

剪切对iPP/PEcO共混物结晶行为的影响

对剪切场作用下的全同聚丙烯/弹性体乙烯-辛烯共聚物(iPP/PEcO)的共混物结晶行为进行研究, 结果表明, 剪切使得iPP球晶密度增加, 微晶和片晶均发生取向, 且片晶取向明显; 片晶取向度随共混物中PEcO含量的增加而增大, 而微晶取向度随PEcO含量的增加而减小; 强剪切诱导出现纤维状结晶形态. 利用同步辐射(SAXS)技术对共混物在剪切场下的等温结晶行为进行研究, 结果表明, 随结晶的进行长周期呈现先减少而后固定的趋势; 高剪切速率缩短了结晶诱导时间, 加快了共混物中结晶部分的结晶动力学过程.     

Analysis of structure transition and compatibility of PTT/PC blend without transesterification

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate (PTT/PC) blends were prepared by solvent mixing to avoid transesterification during high temperature blending. The influences of compositions on the thermal behavior, crystallization morphology and structure of the blends were studied. FTIR results indicated that there was no COO linking to two phenyl groups on each side chain and DSC results supported no transesterification reaction. DSC curves showed that T _c and T _mc increased to maximum range when PC contents were between 7 wt%-15 wt%, however, T _m decreased constantly with the increase of PC contents. It was observed from POM that PTT spherulitic morphology and crystallization kinetics were obviously influenced by the change of PC contents. Structural evolutions during cooling were investigated by SAXS which showed L _c of PTT remained a constant with different PC contents and also fixed during crystallization, nevertheless, it revealed a maximum value of L _nc for sample PTT₉₃. It was concluded that PC chains could be permeated into not only amorphous crystallite structure but also amorphous lamellae structure and 7 wt% PC content was supposed to be the “proper” penetration amount into PTT lamellae structure which led to a maximum capacity of amorphous lamellar layer. Fringedmicelle crystal model was adopted to illustrate semi-crystalline physical structures of the blend in two kinds of component aggregation states.     

高分子结晶理论的新概念与新进展

回顾了传统的高分子结晶成核与生长模型,指出了该模型在应用中遇到的一些问题;同时总结了Strobl根据近年小角X射线散射结果提出的高分子结晶新机理-中介相机理.介绍了Strobl等构建的热动力学图解对熔体、中介相和片晶的转变过程,阐述了各相间的平衡转变温度、潜在的转变热以及表面自由能,说明了处于熔体和晶体之间的中介相的热动力学性质是理解高分子结晶过程的重要依据.