Microstructure and its influence on CH4 adsorption behavior of deep coal

In this paper we investigate the influence of microstructure on the CH4 adsorption behavior of deep coal. The coal microstructure is characterized by N2 adsorption at 77 K, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）. The CH4 adsorptions are measured at 298 K at pressures up to 5.0 MPa by the the volumetric method and fitted by the Langmuir model. The results show that the Langmuir model fits well with the experimental data, and there is a positive correlation with surface area, pore volume, ID/IG, and CH4 adsorption capacity. The burial depth also affects the methane adsorption capacity of the samples.     

K_2S-activated carbons developed from coal and their methane adsorption behaviors

The main purpose of this work is to prepare various activated carbons by K2S activation of coal with size fractions of 60-80 meshes, and investigate the microporosity development and corresponding methane storage capacities. Raw coal is mixed with K2S powder, and then heated at 750 ℃-900 ℃ for 30 min-150 min in N2 atmosphere to produce the adsorbents. The texture and surface morphology are characterized by a N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm at 77 K and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The chemical properties of carbons are confirmed by ultimate analysis. The crystal structure and degree of graphitization are tested by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra. The relationship between sulfur content and the specific surface area of the adsorbents is also determined. K2S activation is helps to bring about better development of pore texture. These adsorbents are microporous materials with textural parameters increasing in a range of specific surface area 72.27 m2/g-657.7 m2/g and micropore volume 0.035 cm3/g-0.334 cm3/g. The ability of activated carbons to adsorb methane is measured at 298 K and at pressures up to 5.0 MPa by a volumetric method. The Langmuir model fits the experimental data well. It is concluded that the high specific surface area and micropore volume of activated carbons do determine methane adsorption capacity. The adsorbents obtained at 800 ℃ for 90 min with K2S/raw coal mass ratios of 1.0 and 1.2 show the highest methane adsorption capacities amounting to 106.98 mg/g and 106.17 mg/g, respectively.     

Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes using CoMnMgO catalysts through catalytic chemical vapor deposition

The Co Mg O and Co Mn Mg O catalysts are prepared by a co-precipitation method and used as the catalysts for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes（CNTs） through the catalytic chemical vapor deposition（CCVD）. The effects of Mn addition on the carbon yield and structure are investigated. The catalysts are characterized by temperature programmed reduction（TPR） and X-ray diffraction（XRD） techniques, and the synthesized carbon materials are characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and thermo gravimetric analysis（TG）. TEM measurement indicates that the catalyst Co Mg O enclosed completely in the produced graphite layer results in the deactivation of the catalyst. TG results suggest that the Co Mn Mg O catalyst has a higher selectivity for CNTs than Co Mg O. Meanwhile, different diameters of CNTs are synthesized by Co Mn Mg O catalysts with various amounts of Co content, and the results show that the addition of Mn avoids forming the enclosed catalyst, prevents the formation of amorphous carbon, subsequently promotes the growth of CNTs, and the catalyst with decreased Co content is favorable for the synthesis of CNTs with a narrow diameter distribution.The Co Mn Mg O catalyst with 40% Co content has superior catalytic activity for the growth of carbon nanotubes.     

Coalbed methane adsorption and desorption characteristics related to coal particle size

Effects of particle size on CH_4 and CO_2adsorption and desorption characteristics of coals are investigated at 308 K and pressures up to 5.0 MPa.The gas adsorption and desorption isotherms of coals with particle sizes ranging from 250 μm to 840 μm are measured via the volumetric method,and the Langmuir model is used to analyse the experimental results.Coal particle size is found to have an obvious effect on the coal pore structure.With the decrease of coal particle size in the process of grinding,the pore accessibility of the coal,including the specific surface area and pore volume,increases.Hence,coal with smaller particle size has higher specific surface area and higher pore volume.The ability of adsorption was highly related to the pore structure of coal,and coal particle size has a significant influence on coal adsorption/desorption characteristics,including adsorption capacity and desorption hysteresis for CH_4 and CO_2,i.e.,coal with a smaller particle size achieves higher adsorption capacity,while the sample with a larger particle size has lower adsorption capacity.Further,coal with larger particle size is also found to have relatively large desorption hysteresis.In addition,dynamic adsorption performances of the samples are carried out at 298 K and at pressures of 0.1 MPa and 0.5 MPa,respectively,and the results indicate that with the increase of particle size,the difference between CO_2 and CH_4adsorption capacities of the samples decreases.     

La促进水滑石衍生镍基催化剂的原位制备及其CO2甲烷化性能

采用原位生长法制备水滑石衍生Ni-La/Al₂O₃催化剂，并用于CO₂甲烷化反应，以研究La掺杂量对所得催化剂形貌结构及催化性能的影响。利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、X射线衍射、氢气程序升温还原、低温氮气吸附-脱附测试、扫描电镜和透射电镜对催化剂的形貌结构进行分析。结果表明，适宜的La掺杂量能够提高活性金属Ni在载体中的分散性，减弱Ni与载体的相互作用，并且改善催化剂的孔隙结构，提高催化剂的比表面积。CO₂甲烷化性能表明，当Ni负载量(质量分数)为30%、La掺杂量(质量分数)为10%时，催化剂30Ni-10La/Al₂O₃具有较优的催化性能； 350℃时其CO₂转化率及CH₄产率分别达到91.9%和91.5%，并且连续测试60 h后催化性能基本保持不变。     

基于量子游走的仲裁量子签名方案

基于量子游走的量子隐形传输模型,提出了一种仲裁量子签名方案.发送者编码要签名的信息在硬币态上,并应用硬币态和位置态之间的条件相移算符产生用于量子隐形传输必需的纠缠态.对生成的纠缠态测量可作为签名设计和信息恢复依据.然后,接收者依据来自发送者的测量结果测量其量子态,进而验证签名的有效性和信息的真实性、完整性.由于量子游走的应用,本签名方案的初始化阶段不需要提前制备必须的纠缠态.安全性分析表明方案满足不可抵赖、不可伪造和不可否认特性,讨论和比较展示了键控链式受控非加密算法和随机数的使用可以抵抗已有方案中的抵赖和存在性伪造攻击.此外,量子游走已经被证明可以在多种不同的物理系统中和实验上实现,因此本签名方案未来也许是可实现的.     

Arbitrated quantum signature scheme with continuous-variable squeezed vacuum states

We propose an arbitrated quantum signature(AQS) scheme with continuous variable(CV) squeezed vacuum states,which requires three parties, i.e., the signer Alice, the verifier Bob and the arbitrator Charlie trusted by Alice and Bob, and three phases consisting of the initial phase, the signature phase and the verification phase. We evaluate and compare the original state and the teleported state by using the fidelity and the beam splitter(BS) strategy. The security is ensured by the CV-based quantum key distribution(CV-QKD) and quantum teleportation of squeezed states. Security analyses show that the generated signature can be neither disavowed by the signer and the receiver nor counterfeited by anyone with the shared keys. Furthermore, the scheme can also detect other manners of potential attack although they may be successful.Also, the integrality and authenticity of the transmitted messages can be guaranteed. Compared to the signature scheme of CV-based coherent states, our scheme has better encoding efficiency and performance. It is a potential high-speed quantum signature scheme with high repetition rate and detection efficiency which can be achieved by using the standard off-the-shelf components when compared to the discrete-variable(DV) quantum signature scheme.     

La促进水滑石衍生镍基催化剂的原位制备及其CO2甲烷化性能

采用原位生长法制备水滑石衍生Ni-La/Al₂O₃催化剂,并用于CO₂甲烷化反应,以研究La掺杂量对所得催化剂形貌结构及催化性能的影响。利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、X射线衍射、氢气程序升温还原、低温氮气吸附-脱附、扫描电镜和透射电镜对催化剂的形貌结构进行分析。结果表明,适宜的La掺杂量能够提高活性金属Ni在载体中的分散性,减弱Ni与载体的相互作用,并且改善催化剂的孔隙结构,提高催化剂的比表面积。CO₂甲烷化性能表明,当Ni负载量(质量分数)为30%、La掺杂量(质量分数)为10%时,催化剂30Ni-10La/Al₂O₃具有较优的催化性能;350℃时其CO₂转化率及CH₄产率分别达到91.9%和91.5%,并且连续测试60 h后催化性能基本保持不变。     

高性能镍钴层状双金属氢氧化物的制备及其电化学性能研究

分别选用四种不同阴离子的镍、钴金属盐作为镍源和钴源,通过简单的水热法合成镍钴双金属氢氧化物,并对双金属氢氧化物的形貌结构及其电化学性能进行表征分析,以研究镍源和钴源阴离子的种类对所得材料形貌结构及其电化学性能的影响.结果表明:不同的镍、钴金属盐不仅影响着双金属氢氧化物的形貌结构,而且对其电化学性能也有很大的影响,其中,以硫酸镍和硫酸钴合成的镍钴双金属氢氧化物具有片层形貌结构和优异的电化学性能,在电位窗口为0.45 V、电流密度为1 A/g时,其比电容值可达1551 F/g.     

中空笼状多孔结构镍钴层状氢氧化物的制备及其电化学性能

超级电容器以功率密度高、寿命长、环境友好等优点在各种能量存储设备中受到广泛关注.所以,提高电极材料的储能性能对超级电容器的开发与应用具有重要的意义.具有特定纳米结构的功能材料作为超级电容器电极材料时具有优异的电化学性能,原因在于其能提供丰富的电化学活性位点、高的比表面积和增加电解质与材料的接触面积.因此,本文以ZIF-67纳米晶为模板,利用硝酸盐刻蚀的方法制备中空笼状镍钴层状氢氧化物(NiCo-LDH),并研究其作为超级电容器电极材料的储能性能.借助X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、低温氮气吸附/脱附和电化学测试等手段分析所得NiCo-LDH的结构、形貌和电化学性能.结果表明:NiCo-LDH由纳米片组装形成中空笼状结构,拥有丰富的介孔和大孔孔道以及较高的比表面积,从而有助于增加电活性位点,促使电解液与电极材料的充分接触,进而显著提高材料的储能性能.当刻蚀用镍、钴盐质量比为1:1时,样品Ni₁Co₁-LDH的比电容可达801 F·g^-1(电流密度为0.5 A·g^-1),且在大电流密度下(10 A·g<...