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N_2O是一种重要的温室气体,而污水生物脱氮处理过程是N_2O的潜在产生源之一。随着污水处理量和处理程度的不断提高,N_2O的排放量也将不断增大。建立N_2O排放数学模型对污水生物脱氮系统中N_2O生成机制的深入研究和污水处理行业N_2O削减工艺技术的开发具有重大的理论及实践意义。本文归纳了生物脱氮工艺的原理,系统阐述了生物脱氮工艺中N_2O的生成机理和排放数学模型的类型、建立方法及应用情况。在此基础上,对生物脱氮工艺中N_2O排放数学模型的研究现状和研究方向进行了总结和展望,以期为N_2O排放数学模型的完善、N_2O排放量的削减、污水生物脱氮工艺的优化及污水处理行业的可持续发展提供理论基础和科学依据。 相似文献
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A novel and effective approach was developed to synthesize monodisperse hollow molecularly imprinted polymers (MHMIPs) with unfunctionalized SiO2 spheres in a mixture of toluene and CH3CN.The factors that affected the synthesis of MHMIPs were systematically investigated.It was determined that a suitable ratio of toluene to CH3CN and the use of a functional monomer that can generate double H-bonding interactions were the critical factors to obtain MHMIPs with high uniformity and monodispersion.The obtained MHMIPs exhibited a fast adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity (270 μmol/g) for bisphenol A.As the shell thickness increased from 90 nm to 130 nm,the binding capacity of the imprinted shells decreased gradually.The relative selectivity coefficients of MHMIPs for tetra-bromobisphenol A (TBBPA),phenol and p-tert-butylphenol (PTBP) were calculated as 1.53,1.83 and 1.90,respectively.These findings indicate that MHMIPs have good adsorption performances and suggest applications in the selective removal or sensitive analysis of bisphenol A. 相似文献
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高维线性回归估计是一个被大量学者研究的重要统计学问题.在误差分布未知的情况下,如何将有效性纳入高维估计仍是一个尚未解决且具有挑战性的问题.最小二乘估计在非Gauss误差密度下会损失估计的效率,而极大似然估计由于误差密度未知,无法直接被应用.基于惩罚估计方程,本文提出一种新的稀疏半参有效估计方法应用于高维线性回归的估计.本文证明了在误差密度未知的超高维回归下,新的估计渐近地与具有神谕性的极大似然估计一样有效,因此对于非Gauss误差密度,它比传统的惩罚最小二乘估计更有效.此外,本文证明了几种常用的高维回归估计是本文方法的特例.模拟和实际数据的结果验证了本文所提出方法的有效性. 相似文献
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