湖北省农业地质灾害及防治对策

本文论述了湖北省农业地质灾害的类型、分布、危害,并提出了防治对策。     

废水中对—氨基苯酚的电位溶出法测定

采用Nafion修饰电极,以微分计时电位溶出法分析测定废水中对—氨基苯酚(PAP)。在选定的条件下,PAP的测定范围在1.0μ～0.5mmol/l之间;最低检测浓度为0.1μmol/l;标准偏差为1.6％:方法的回收率为92.5％～96.5％。     

Sensitivity experiments and assessment of climatic changes in China induced by greenhouse effect

Climatic changes can be separated into two parts: natural changes -and human activity influenced on climatic changes. The observed data could not only show the effects caused by human activity. Several simulated results as simulated by the GCMs induced by the greenhouse effects in China .have been analysed. It is shown that an obvious warming of about 3-6℃ in winter and 2-5℃ in summer in China as simulated by the GCMs induced by doubling CO2 have been found. There are getting drier or wetter regions in China due to doubled CO2 as simulated by most of models. Comparing the simulated results with the observed data in China, some simulated results are able to be believed. The GCMs should be improved, especially in the regional areas.     

风险评价标准值初探

提出了风险指标和ALARP原则的含义,从风险评价的ALARP原则出发,得出个人风险评价标准值和社会风险评价标准值的制定方法。     

北京垃圾分类工作现存问题与对策建议

《北京市生活垃圾管理条例》实施以来,北京垃圾分类工作取得"六升两降"八项成效.基于现阶段北京垃圾分类工作推进情况与存在的痛点、难点问题,提出通过购买第三方服务、借助科技手段与工具、多种渠道多种方式相结合、建立长效监督评价机制等方式,为顺利推进北京垃圾分类工作提供参考.     

黄丝郁金不同采收期的产量和质量研究

目的:研究黄丝郁金不同采收期对产量和质量的影响,以确定适宜的采收时期。方法:设定10月、11月、12月、1月2、月5个不同采收时间,定期采收,测产,测试挥发油和姜黄素含量。结果:10—12月郁金产量有明显增加,12月至次年2月产量无明显差异;10—12月郁金的姜黄素和挥发油含量显著增加,12月至次年2月含量无明显差异。结论:总体看来,黄丝郁金的采收期以12月底为宜。     

个体防护装备环境适应性技术研究

本文目的建立个体防护装备环境适应性评价技术,为个体防护装备质量管理提供技术支持.通过分析研究国内外装备环境适应性设计要求,从装备环境工程的角度出发结合个体防护装备特点进行全面的分析设计.提出了个体防护装备的环境适应性管理、设计、实验及评价等技术方案,给出了一般个体防护装备实验室试验项目及顺序.得出环境适应性是个体防护装备重要的质量特性之一,要进一步提高个体防护装备的环境适应性技术,适应个体防护装备的发展.     

Bird species migration ratio in East Asia, Australia, and surrounding islands

Bird migration and its relationship with the contemporary environment have attracted long-term discussion. We calculated the avian migration ratio (the proportion of breeding species that migrate) in the areas from 70°E to 180°E and examined its relationship with the annual ranges of ambient temperature, primary productivity (estimated by the Enhanced Vegetation Index), and precipitation, along with island isolation and elevational range. The avian migration ratio increased with increasing latitude in general but varied greatly between the two hemispheres. Additionally, it showed minimal differences between continents and islands. Our analyses revealed that the seasonality of ambient temperature, which represents the energy expenditure of birds, is the dominant factor in determining bird species migration. Seasonality in primary productivity and other environmental factors play an indirect or limited role in bird species migration. The lower avian migration ratio in the Southern Hemisphere can be attributed to its paleogeographical isolation, stable paleoclimate, and warm contemporary environment. Under current trends of global warming, our findings should lead to further studies of the impact of warming on bird migration.     

近45年中国12个一级站大气气溶胶光学厚度变化特征

利用常规观测的总辐射和散射辐射日曝辐量资料,结合NASA GISS的月平均平流层气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)产品,反演计算了北京等12个台站1961～2005年0.75μm对流层AOD和气溶胶标高数据.基于这些数据,分析了各站AOD、气溶胶标高和地面能见度的年、季、月变化特征.结果表明:①就12个站45a总平均而言,光学厚度为0.276,年增长为0.0034;气溶胶标高为1.65km,年增加为0.015km;能见度为17.1km,年变化值为-0.08km;AOD春夏较大,秋冬较小;气溶胶标高夏季最高,春季次之,冬季最低.②各站点45a平均AOD范围为0.116～0.387;除格尔木外,各站AOD均有增长.年变化值为0.0010～0.0079.③20世纪70、80年代AOD增加明显;20世纪90年代以来,多数站点AOD有所下降,能见度有转好趋势.     

改进取样方法提高含油废水中CODcr值的准确度

化学需氧量(CODcr)和石油类都是中国实施水污染物排放总量控制指标,也是环境监测的常测项目.CODcr是反映水体中受还原性物质主要是有机物污染程度的综合性指标.矿物油和动、植物油统称为油类,是废水中常见的有机污染物,对CODcr的贡献较大.探索水体中CODcr值与油类物质含量之间的相关性,对CODcr值准确性的判断有一定指导意义.改进含油废水的取样方法,有利于提高CODcr测定值的准确性和代表性.