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Solá María Zoleica Simón Prado Carolina Rosa Mariana Aráoz María Victoria Coll Benimeli Claudia Susana Polti Marta Alejandra Alvarez Analia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(37):51217-51231
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Phytoremediation techniques have been proposed as ecological methods to clean up contaminated sites. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of the... 相似文献
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Silvina Vargas Gil Analia Becker Claudio Oddino Mónica Zuza Adriana Marinelli Guillermo March 《Environmental management》2009,44(2):378-386
Soil microbial populations can fluctuate in response to environmental changes and, therefore, are often used as biological
indicators of soil quality. Soil chemical and physical parameters can also be used as indicators because they can vary in
response to different management strategies. A long-term field trial was conducted to study the effects of different tillage
systems (NT: no tillage, DH: disc harrow, and MP: moldboard plough), P fertilization (diammonium phosphate), and cattle grazing
(in terms of crop residue consumption) in maize (Zea mays L.), sunflower (Heliantus annuus L.), and soybean (Glycine max L.) on soil biological, chemical, and physical parameters. The field trial was conducted for four crop years (2000/2001,
2001/2002, 2002/2003, and 2003/2004). Soil populations of Actinomycetes, Trichoderma spp., and Gliocladium spp. were 49% higher under conservation tillage systems, in soil amended with diammonium phosphate (DAP) and not previously
grazed. Management practices also influenced soil chemical parameters, especially organic matter content and total N, which
were 10% and 55% higher under NT than under MP. Aggregate stability was 61% higher in NT than in MP, 15% higher in P-fertilized
soil, and also 9% higher in not grazed strips, bulk density being 12% lower in NT systems compared with MP. DAP application
and the absence of grazing also reduced bulk density (3%). Using conservation tillage systems, fertilizing crops with DAP,
and avoiding grazing contribute to soil health preservation and enhanced crop production. 相似文献
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The conversion of closed forest (CCF) in Carrasco Province, Bolivia, was monitored using a series of four midresolution satellite images from 1986 to 2002. The conversion of forests into nonforests from 1986 to 2002 was 1.5% annually. Inclusion of conversions into open forest doubles the annual CCF rate to 3.1%. Five predictors of CCF were tested in a spatial model: land tenure regime, distance from roads, distance from settlements, topography, and soil suitability for farming. Only three out of the five predictors tested were found to be reliable predictors of CCF: land tenure regime, distance from roads, and distance from settlements. University reserve and indigenous land show substantially less CCF than national park and untitled land. In addition the spatial model shows that the greater the distance of forest from roads or settlements, the less CCF. Topography and soil suitability for farming lack predictive power for CCF and are therefore excluded from the spatial model. 相似文献
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Analia M. Forasiepi Leopoldo H. Soibelzon Catalina Suarez Gomez Rodolfo Sánchez Luis I. Quiroz Carlos Jaramillo Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2014,101(11):965-974
We report two fossil procyonids, Cyonasua sp. and Chapalmalania sp., from the late Pliocene of Venezuela (Vergel Member, San Gregorio Formation) and Colombia (Ware Formation), respectively. The occurrence of these pre-Holocene procyonids outside Argentina and in the north of South America provides further information about the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI). The new specimens are recognized in the same monophyletic group as procyonids found in the southern part of the continent, the “Cyonasua group,” formed by species of Cyonasua and Chapalmalania. The phylogenetic analysis that includes the two new findings support the view that procyonids dispersed from North America in two separate events (initially, previous to the first major migration wave—GABI 1—and then within the last major migration wave—GABI 4—). This involved reciprocal lineage migrations from North to South America, and included the evolution of South American endemic forms. 相似文献
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We analyzed the possible effects of grazing management and future climate change on carbon (C) stocks in soils of northern
Patagonian shrublands. To this aim, we coupled the outputs of three (HadCM3, CSIRO Mk2, and CCSR/NIES) global climate models
to the CENTURY (v5.3) model of terrestrial C balance. The CENTURY model was initialized with long-term field data on local
biome physiognomy, seasonal phenologic trends, and prevailing land-management systems and was validated with recent sequences
of 1-km Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (MODIS-Terra) images and soil C data. In the tested scenarios, the predicted
climate changes would result in increased total C in soil organic matter (SOMTC). Maximum SOMTC under changed climate forcing
would not differ significantly from that expected under baseline conditions (8 kg m−2). A decrease in grazing intensity would result in SOMTC increases of 11% to 12% even if climate changes did not occur. Climate
change would account for SOMTC increases of 5% to 6%. 相似文献
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