Life cycle inventory analysis of CO2 and SO2 emission of imperial smelting process for Pb-Zn smelter

Based on the principle of life cycle assessment, CO₂ and SO₂ emission of Imperial Smelting Process in a certain zinc-lead smelter was analyzed by life cycle inventory method. According to the system expansion and substitution method, the environmental impacts of co-products were allocated among the main products of zinc, lead and sulfuric acid. The related impacts were assessed by use of Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Acidification Potential (ACP). The results show that the GWP index from 1998 to 2000 is 11.53, 11.65, 10.93 tCO₂-eq/tZn respectively, the ACP index decreases from 14.88 kgSO₂-eq/tZn in 1998 to 10.99 kgSO₂-eq/tZn in 2000. Power and electricity generation, followed by smelting and zinc distillation, are mainly responsible for GWP. Sintering individually affects ACP. Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of the ISP may come from energy conservation measures rather than from technological developments. And recycling more secondary Pb and Zn materials effectively treated by ISP, and reducing the amount of primary metal are the main ways to put SO₂ emission under control. Biography of the first author: LI Qi-hou, postdoctor, born in Aug. 1972, majoring in ecodesign and the structure and morphology control of powders.     

Life cycle inventory analysis of CO_2 and SO_2 emission of imperial smelting process for Pb-Zn smelter

1　INTRODUCTIONImperialSmeltingProcess (ISP) ,isaprocessavailableforproductionofzincandlead .Atpresent,about 13operatingISPsmeltersproduceabout 13%ofglobalzincandlead[1] .ButISPisasignificantcontributortoindustrialgreenhouseandacidityemis sionsduetoitshighenergyconsumption .Althoughcellemissionshavebeenreducedconsiderablyinre centyears ,thegrowingglobalconcernonenviron mentalissuesisimposingpressureontherelatedcom paniestoreducetheiremissions .Becauseofthelargenumberoffeedstreams ,by…     

次氧化锌中砷的物相及砷的浸出(英文)

研究烟化炉次氧化锌中砷的物相类型。结果表明:按砷的物相可将次氧化锌分为3种类型。在一型次氧化锌中砷以As2O3形态存在,而在二型和三型次氧化锌中砷分别以亚砷酸锌(Zn(AsO2)2)和砷酸铅(Pb(As2O6),Pb4As2O9)形态存在。在热力学分析基础上,对二型次氧化锌进行浸出脱砷。结果表明:采用30g/LNaOH溶液,在液固比3、温度20°C的条件下,砷的浸出率在1h内可达到65%～70%,而铅、锌的损失均小于1%。     

世界红土镍矿资源开发及其湿法冶金技术的进展

随着硫化镍矿资源日趋枯竭,高效开发占全球镍资源72%的红土镍矿日益迫切.介绍了世界红土镍矿资源的特点、国内外的开发现状,并阐述了其传统湿法生产工艺及进展;认为硫酸加压酸浸、堆浸和生物浸出等工艺因具有浸出率高、成本低、环境污染少等优点,是红土镍矿湿法冶金技术的重要发展方向.     

碱性体系下As(Ⅲ)的催化氧化及其机理研究

研究了碱性体系下以高锰酸钾为催化剂空气氧化As(Ⅲ)的方法, 考察了溶液pH值、总砷浓度、空气流量、反应温度和反应时间等因素对As(Ⅲ)氧化效果的影响, 采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、化学物相分析等方法对反应产物进行了表征。结果表明, 高锰酸钾具备超计量氧化的特点, 在As/Mn摩尔比升至21∶1时仍能高效地将As(Ⅲ)氧化; 溶液pH值通过影响产物性质而对氧化效果有显著的影响; 溶液总砷浓度升高, 氧化速率变慢; 增加空气流量或者升高温度会显著加快As(Ⅲ)的氧化速率。     

红土镍矿电炉熔炼提取镍铁合金的研究

采用电炉直接还原熔炼工艺从红土镍矿中提取镍铁合金,研究了还原剂(焦粉)和熔剂(石灰石)配比对合金中镍品位、金属回收率及硫、磷在渣和合金中分配比(LS,LP)的影响及行为。综合考虑镍铁合金中镍的品位和金属回收率,试验确定了最佳熔炼条件:焦粉配比11%,熔剂配比11%。在最佳条件下,合金中镍品位为22.8%,镍回收率达97.6%,LS,LP分别为0.024和0.145。     

Template effect on structure and morphology of Ni(OH)2 powders prepared by hydro-chemical method

The template effect controlling the structure and morphology of ultrafine particles was described. Ni(OH)₂ powders were prepared by NH₃ coordination-precipitation method. The effects of SO ₄ ²⁻ , NO ₃ ⁻ , Cl⁻, NH₃, pH value on Ni(OH)₂ structure and morphology were investigated experimentally, explained with the theoretical model that the growth units were the polyhedral structure of coordination anions. The results showed that the structure and morphology of Ni(OH)₂ were effectively controlled by the growth units, the dimensions and the linking patterns of the growth units vary with the changes of physical and chemical conditions in the aqueous solution. Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.59774018) Biography of the first author: LIU Zhi-hong, professor, born in 1963, majoring in hydrometallurgical technology and control of structure and morphology of powders.     

硅锌矿在(NH_4)_2SO_4-NH_3-H_2O体系中的浸出机理

对硅锌矿在(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O体系中的浸出行为进行了系统研究,揭示浸出反应机理,阐明其难以浸出的内在原因。结果表明:硅锌矿浸出反应方程为Zn2SiO4(s)+(2i-4)NH3(aq)+4NH4+=2[Zn(NH3)i]2++SiO2(s)+2H2O(l),i=1～4。浸出中,硅锌矿中的硅溶解进入溶液,再以无定形SiO2形态从溶液中析出。SiO2在(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O体系中的溶解度很低,仅略高于0.3 g/L,而其从溶液中的析出速度非常缓慢,是硅锌矿在该体系中难以浸出的主要原因。当液固质量比从5提高至500时,锌浸出率将从2.72%提高至84.15%。     

喷雾热分解法制备超细粉体材料的特点及应用

喷雾热分解法(Spray Pyrolysis,SP)是近年来发展起来的制备超细粉体材料的重要方法之一.采用该方法,原料可在溶液状态下混合,整个反应过程快速完成,产物组分分布均匀;颗粒一般呈规则的球形,而且少团聚,无需后续洗涤、研磨,纯度高,活性高;无过滤、洗涤、干燥、粉碎过程,一步即获得成品,操作简单方便,生产过程连续,生产效率高,因此,在薄膜材料、金属及其化合物粉体材料和复合粉体材料的制备方面具有重要的应用价值和广阔的市场前景.     

基于TIR2000的电容型设备绝缘参数带电测试

对电容型设备的带电测试结果能真实地反映设备在运行中的绝缘状况,能及时发现设备的绝缘缺陷,并且可减少停电时间,提高设备可用率。本文利用TIR2000绝缘参数测试仪,通过对绝缘良好设备的长期带电测试结果和绝缘缺陷设备的现场带电测试结果进行分析比较,相对比较法带电测试技术所获得的测试数据相对稳定,是行之有效的测试方法,可部分取代常规预防性试验。