Hypertension is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a cohort study

Abstract

Background

Comorbidities are commonly seen in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the clinical implication is not yet well-delineated. We aim to characterize the prevalence and clinical implications of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19.     

有机溶剂作业场所通风排毒设施常见问题及控制策略

有机溶剂是工业生产中常见的职业病危害因素,所致的各类急慢性中毒时有发生。有机溶剂挥发至空气中呈无色透明状态,了解其在作业场所的挥发和分布特点,选择合适的通风排毒设施对于有机溶剂危害控制至关重要。本文拟通过分析有机溶剂挥发、分布的影响因素,结合各类通风排毒设施存在的常见问题,重点介绍有代表性的有机溶剂作业场所的通风排毒控制策略。     

Sequential Therapy Based on Evolvement of Patterns: A New Model for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

In order to solve the problem of long-term (>9 months) efficacy in the treatment of Alzheimer''s disease (AD) by conventional therapy (CT), a staged and multiply-targeted sequential therapy based on the evolvement of patterns (STEP) was developed. Its main innovations include: (1) the time order of evolution of patterns defined by Chinese medicine (CM) in AD was found, that is, "the orderly pattern evolution starting from Shen (Kidney) deficiency, progressing to phlegm, stasis and fire, and worsening to severe toxin as well as functional collapse"; (2) the cascade hypothesis of Shen deficiency in AD and its sequential therapy based on Shen-reinforcing was proposed, that is, "reinforcing Shen in the early stage and throughout the whole process, resolving phlegm, activating blood and purging fire in the middle stage, detoxifying and replenishing vitality to stop the collapse in the advanced stage", and through meta-analysis, clinical drug use was optimized, thus the leap from "inferential selection" to "evidence-based selection" was realized; (3) the STEP regimen combined with CT maintained cognitive and behavioral stability in AD patients for at least 12 months, with cognitive enhancement and behavioral synergy after 9 months, and cognitive benefit was superior to CT at 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months, respectively. The 2-year cognitive improvement rate was increased by 25.64% (P=0.020) and the cognitive deterioration rate was decreased by 48.71% (P=0.000). Among them, the cognitive and functional benefits of Shen-reinforcing therapy for very early AD (350 cases) for 1 year were better than the placebo (P<0.001), and the dementia conversion rate was reduced by 8.85% (P=0.002). The behavioral symptomatic relief of patients with vascular dementia received fire-purging therapy (540 cases) was superior to those received CT (P=0.016). These data suggested that the STEP regimen has synergistic effects on CTs at least in terms of cognitive benefit, and the earlier the use, the greater the benefit will have. Therefore, the STEP regimen should be considered as one of the clinical options, particularly for the dearth of effective pharmaceutical or immunological interventions that are currently available for AD.     

2014—2018年黄山市淋病疫情流行特征分析

目的分析2014-2018年黄山市淋病的流行特征,为全市的淋病防控工作提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集黄山市2014—2018年的淋病数据、人口数据,进行统计分析。结果2014—2018年黄山市累计报告淋病病例761例,年均发病率为11.09/10万,年均增长率为29.14%,发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^2趋势=112.29,P<0.05)。淋病的人群分布中,男女报告病例数之比为13.63:1,男女发病率有统计学差异(χ^2=113.18,P<0.05);15~49岁年龄组病例数最多,占85.94%,职业以农民最多,占44.81%;以屯溪区、歙县报告病例数较多,分别占37.45%、23.26%。结论2014—2018年黄山市淋病发病率呈上升趋势,淋病防控形势严峻,需进一步完善各项防控措施。     

谷氨酸对腺苷A2A受体调节一氧化氮合酶活力的影响

目的探讨谷氨酸是否能够影响腺苷A2A受体对一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活力的调节。方法用1000ng／ml脂多糖（LPS）刺激小胶质细胞，分别加入100nmol／L A2A受体激动剂CGS21680以及不同浓度的谷氨酸（0，1，0，25，0，5mmol／L）干预，观察NOS活力变化。结果LPS诱导NOS活力增高，激活A2A受体可以产生抑制作用；0，25及0．5mmoL／L谷氨酸和A2A受体激动剂同时存在时，NOS活力进一步增高。结论高浓度谷氨酸可逆转腺苷A2A受体激动剂抑制升高NOS活力的作用。     

光化学作用对肿瘤细胞胞吞大分子的释放

目的观察不同光敏剂在肿瘤细胞内的分布,以及光化学作用对肿瘤细胞胞吞大分子的释放作用.方法使用激光共聚焦显微镜观察ALA、ALA-HE、HMME、TPPSa2在肿瘤细胞SW480、K562的胞内分布,使用FITC-右旋糖酐观察肿瘤细胞对荧光标记大分子的胞吞作用,通过光照激发光敏化细胞,动态观察光化学作用前后胞吞大分子FITC-右旋糖酐的胞内分布变化.结果ALA、ALA-HE、HMME、TPPSa24种光敏剂均表现为胞质分布,核内分布少.ALA、ALA-HE的胞内分布主要表现为胞质内的弥散性荧光.HMME则表现为胞质内颗粒状荧光与弥散荧光同时存在.TPPSa2为典型的胞质内颗粒状荧光分布.光敏剂在SW480、K562两种肿瘤细胞的胞内分布没有明显差异.光照激发不同光敏剂对肿瘤细胞胞吞FITC-左旋糖酐的胞内分布影响不同.由TPPSa2及HMME活化而产生的光化学作用表现出明显的荧光颗粒重分布,ALA、ALA-HE则对胞吞荧光无明显重分布作用.结论不同光敏剂因其不同的理化性质而表现为不同的胞内分布.光化学作用可对肿瘤细胞胞吞大分子产生胞吞释放作用,其作用机制可能与光化学作用对胞吞泡的破坏有关.     

Experimental animal models of pancreatic carcinogenesis and metastasis

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease characterized by early metastasis, local invasion, and resistance to conventional therapies. To understand its etiology and eventually make prevention of it possible and effective, appropriate carcinogenesis models will certainly help us understand the effects of environmental and genetic elements on pancreatic carcinogenesis. The development of new treatment strategies to control cancer metastasis is of immediate urgency. Fulfillment of this task relies on our knowledge of the cellular and molecular biology of pancreatic cancer metastasis and the availability of biologically and clinically relevant model systems. Many of the existing pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis and metastasis animal models are described in this review. The advantages and disadvantages of each model and their clinical implications are discussed, and special attention is focused on experimental therapeutic strategies targeting pancreatic cancer metastasis.     

不同区域晶状体上皮细胞基因表达差异分析

【目的】比较不同区域猪晶状体上皮细胞的基因表达在转录组水平上的差异。【方法】解剖显微镜下分离晶状体前囊膜，将附着于其上的上皮细胞分为中央（直径为10．56mm）和周边两部分。分别提取两个样本的总RNAs并经PCR扩增，以Cy3和Cy5分别标记扩增的中央与周边部分的cDNA。与含7548个基因的表达谱芯片杂交，经图像分析，生物信息学处理获得基因表达在转录水平差异的相关信息。【结果】中央与周边区域的猪晶状体上皮细胞在转录组水平共鉴定出952个有效表达的基因点，其中差异表达基因261个．以中央区域为参照，周边上皮细胞mRNA上调137个，下调124个。差异表达基因主要涉及的功能有：细胞周期与凋亡、细胞骨架蛋白及细胞外基质、转录、细胞信号分子等。【结论】中央与周边区域猪晶状体上皮细胞基因表达在转录组水平上差异明显。这类差异呈明显的功能聚类。