The application of vitrification in human blastocyst cryopreservation: Analysis of clinical outcome of 117 cycles

Objective: To summarize the clinical outcomes of 117 human vitrified blastocyst transfer cycles and to determine the impact factors.Methods: In IVF-ET cycles, supernumerary embryos were cultured to 5-Day(D5) or 6-Day(D6), blastocysts of various stages were cryopreserved by vitrification using cryoloops. Survival rate and clinical pregnancy rate were observed.Results: A total of 312 blastocysts were thawed in 117 frozen embryo transfer cycles, the survival rate was 90.7% (283/312) after thawing. After the transfer of 230 blastocysts in 115 cycles, 69.6% (80/115) of the women got clinically pregnant, and 17.5% (14/80) of them suffered from miscarriage, 39 healthy babies were born in 28 deliveries, and the other 38 pregnancies are ongoing. The implantation rate was 47.4% (109/230). In 107 transfer cycles with 2 hatched blastocysts transferred in each cycle, 72.9% (78/107) got clinically pregnant, while in 8 cycles with 1 or no hatched blastocysts in the two transferred blastocysts, the clinical pregnancy rate is 25%(2/8). The clinical pregnancy rates were not statistically different between natural (77.4%, 24/31) or artificial endometrium preparation (66.7%, 56/84) cycles. Conclusions: These findings suggest that blastocyst vitrification is effective in terms of implantation rate and pregnancy outcome. Transferring of two hatched blastocyst can achieve a higher pregnancy rate.     

第二届全国多囊卵巢综合征及其相关疾病诊治新进展专题研讨会在青岛召开

由中华医学会《中华妇产科杂志》主办的第二届全国多囊卵巢综合征及其相关疾病诊治新进展专题研讨会于2006年7月21日至24日在美丽的海滨城市青岛召开，来自全国24个省、市、自治区的329位代表参加了会议。会议共收录论文90篇，专题报告13篇。会议开幕式由中华医学会妇产科学分会内分泌学组组长、北京大学第三医院妇产科陈贵安教授主持，中华医学会妇产科学分会主任委员、《中华妇产科杂志》总编辑、北京协和医院妇产科主任郎景和教授致欢迎词。     

The role of sexual related Y gene detection in the diagnosis of patients with gonadal dysgenesis

Objective To clarify the role of sexual related Y (SRY) gene detection in the diagnosis of gonadal dysgenesis.Methods Sixteen cases of gonadal dysgenesis were included in this study: 5 with androgen insensitivity syndrome, 1 with 17-α-hydroxylase deficiency, 4 with true herm aphrodite, 2 with 45,X/46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with 45,X gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with XY pure gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with testicular regression, and 1 XY fema le who gave birth to a normal baby. SRY gene was detected by using polymerase c hain reaction (PCR) in blood and gonad samples and by direct sequencing of the S RY motif. Results Among the 16 cases, 15 were blood SRY positive, among which 13 (86.7%) showed t he presence of testicular tissue, and 2 showed ovaries without testicular tissue . One SRY negative case showed the presence of testicular tissue. In 3 cases, SRY detection in gonadal tissue correlated with pathological findings but not wi th blood karyotype. The correlation between peripheral blood SRY and the pathol ogy of the gonads was 81.25% and the correlation between the presence of periph eral blood Y chromosome and pathology of the gonads was 68.75%. Sequencing of the SRY motif in an XY female who gave birth to a normal baby showed no mutatio n.Conclusions SRY detection is more sensitive and specific than blood karyotype in the predic tion of the presence of testicular tissue. Peripheral blood karyotype does not necessarily reflect gonadal type. There may be testicular related factors other than the SRY gene.     

子宫内膜癌保守治疗后的不孕患者带左炔诺孕酮宫内节育系统行体外受精助孕的临床分析

目的:探讨高分化子宫内膜样癌（endometrial carcinoma, EC）及子宫内膜不典型增生（atypical endometrial hyperplasia, AEH）合并不孕患者在病变逆转后置入左炔诺孕酮宫内节育系统（曼月乐）再行体外受精（ in vitro fertilization, IV...     

围绝经期的治疗策略

围绝经期的治疗策略介绍了围绝经期的定义、分期,以及与围绝经期相关的症状、体征和危害,在此基础上,详细分析了围绝经期女性应用激素治疗的必要性以及激素治疗的利弊,包括了国外对此的最新认识。最后,阐述了激素治疗药的药物种类、剂量、方案的选择等。期望该策略可促进临床医师更科学、合理、规范地使用激素治疗。     

超长方案中不同启动策略对多囊卵巢综合征患者IVF结局的影响

目的 探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者行IVF治疗时应用高纯度尿促性素(HP-HMG)联合重组人促卵泡生成素(rFSH)与单用rFSH启动卵巢刺激的临床结局.方法 回顾性分析2017年10月至2019年9月在北京协和医院生殖中心行IVF助孕的96例PCOS患者的临床资料.所有患者应用3.75 mg长效GnRH激动剂降...     

脑源性神经营养因子在着床前小鼠胚胎中的表达及其对胚胎发育的影响

目的检测脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)及其受体TrkB在植入前胚胎中的表达情况,探讨BDNF对小鼠早期胚胎发育和着床过程中的作用。方法收集小鼠受精后1~4d的胚胎,利用免疫组化和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测BDNF及其受体TrkB在各阶段胚胎中的表达情况。将2细胞阶段的胚胎放入添加不同浓度的BDNF的培养基中,添加或不添加TrkB受体阻断剂k252a/k252b,观察胚胎发育情况,并对形成的囊胚进行细胞计数。在注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)后72h、76h、84h和88h分别腹腔注射10μg K252a/k252b,收集胚胎,计算扩张期囊胚数和囊胚细胞数。结果 BDNF及TrkB均表达于小鼠植入前各阶段的胚胎中,在培养基中添加BDNF后能够促进小鼠胚胎的体外发育,能够提高囊胚形成率和囊胚孵化率,并能够提高滋养层细胞数,此作用能够通过TrkB受体阻断剂k252a而阻断。体内研究进一步证实,k252a处理后能够抑制囊胚细胞数而明显抑制早期胚胎发育。结论 BDNF/TrkB信号系统可能通过某种自分泌或旁分泌的作用方式促进植入前胚胎的发育,同时也可能参与胚胎的着床过程。     

以细胞筛为载体的玻璃化冷冻和慢速程序化冷冻保存人卵巢组织的效果比较

目的比较以细胞筛为载体的玻璃化冷冻与慢速程序化冷冻用于人卵巢组织冷冻的效果。方法人卵巢组织取皮质切块后,随机分为3组:新鲜组织对照组(F组)、慢速程序化冷冻组(S组)及以细胞筛为载体玻璃化冷冻组(V组)。卵巢组织冷冻复苏后,固定切片后行苏木素-伊红染色,观察卵泡形态;使用TdT介导的dUTP缺口末端标记技术,观察卵泡凋亡情况;部分卵巢组织体外培养,隔日采集培养液后检测雌二醇(E2)浓度。比较三组卵泡正常形态率、卵泡凋亡率及E2浓度。结果与F组原始卵泡正常形态率(91.1%)相比,V组原始卵泡正常形态率(88.1%)无显著差异(P0.05),而S组原始卵泡正常形态率(79.6%)显著下降(P0.001);V组初级卵泡正常形态率(74.2%)与S组(73.6%)相似,但两组均低于F组(89.0%)(P0.05);凋亡检测中,3组凋亡率无显著差异(P0.05);体外培养2周,各组E2浓度持续上升,F组E2浓度显著高于S组、V组(P0.001),而S组与V组E2浓度无显著差异(P0.05)。结论以细胞筛为载体的玻璃化冷冻能较好地保存人卵巢组织,复苏后组织体外培养后,还可持续分泌E2。     

复苏单囊胚移植周期中囊胚形态学评分对临床妊娠的影响

目的分析在冷冻复苏单囊胚移植周期中,囊胚内细胞团和滋养细胞层质量对临床妊娠的影响。方法在复苏囊胚移植周期中,记录囊胚内细胞团、滋养细胞层的评分,采用二分类Logistic回归过程,分析两项评分对临床妊娠率的影响。结果在141个单囊胚复苏周期中,复苏的141个囊胚均存活,采用激素替代周期进行子宫内膜准备,临床妊娠率为41.1%(58/141)。所有囊胚在冷冻时均达到4期,内细胞团为A、B级,滋养细胞层为A、B、C三级。经回归分析,三个自变量即年龄、内细胞团质量和滋养细胞层质量中,滋养细胞层对临床妊娠有最大的预测价值(P=0.013)。结论与内细胞团的评分相比,滋养细胞层质量对复苏单囊胚的临床妊娠率有更高的预测价值。     

绝经与抑郁

女性较男性更易感抑郁,特别是在激素水平波动时期.但长期以来绝经与抑郁的关系不确定.目前认为围绝经期抑郁障碍是多种因素综合作用的结果.激素水平变化、社会紧张因素、负性生活事件均与围绝经期抑郁障碍的发生有一定关系.除传统治疗方法外,雌激素补充治疗有效,雄激素的作用仍需进一步证实.