黄河北煤田岩浆岩侵入区内矿井地温分布规律研究—以潘店井田为例

通常情况下,地温会随深度增加而呈线性增加,地温影响着井下采掘工作面的环境温度。随着矿井深度的变化,空气所受到的压力状态也随之发生改变。当风流沿井巷向下流动时,空气的压力值增大。空气的压缩会出现放热(或吸热),从而使矿井温度升高。随着矿井向深部开采,井下作业环境条件恶化,岩层温度将达到摄氏几十度的高温。新汶孙村煤矿-800 m水平部分工作面温度高达30~33℃,巨野矿区龙固矿井-850 m水平所有工作面温度高达34~36℃,已严重影响了工人劳动效率。黄河北煤田潘店井田东部有燕山期岩浆岩活动,含煤地层的上中下部均有岩浆岩侵入,针对岩浆岩侵蚀地区采用钻孔简易测温和近似稳态测温等手段,详细查明地温分布规律,通过区内地温资料对比发现,该区有岩浆岩侵蚀影响的地段比没有岩浆岩侵蚀的地段地温高2.6~7.2℃。     

Application of flocculation combined with vacuum preloading to reduce river-dredged sludge

Abstract

To achieve the rapid dewatering of dredged sludge, the flocculation–vacuum-preloading method was tested indoors. In this study, the optimal mixing ratio of six flocculants was determined through the settling column test, and then the proposed method was tested. The water drainage and settlement were monitored during the test, while the soil moisture content and shear strength were measured after the test. The results show that all the flocculants had an optimal mixing ratio, and the addition of 0.8% FeCl₃ or 0.08% anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) in the sludge can better accelerate solid–liquid separation of the sludge. After the test, the water content in the sludge decreased from 140% to 60%. Compared with general vacuum preloading, the use of the proposed method increased the water drainage by 46.5% and 56.8% and decreased the soil volumes by 60.5% and 82.4% for FeCl₃ and APAM, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding shear strength was increased from 10 to 14 and 17?kPa. In addition, the use of APAM increased the solidification rate of heavy metals in the sludge to more than 80%, effectively inhibiting the migration of heavy metals.     

彬县水帘洞煤矿工业场地西侧黄土高边坡特征及成因分析

水帘洞煤矿工业场地西侧黄土高边坡为老滑坡的后壁,在边坡的脚下有老滑坡体残留物。地表水沿黄土垂直节理、裂隙下渗,逐渐在边坡的顶部形成落水洞;边坡还受黄土层理、倾角（5～10）和古土壤层位置的控制,地表水下渗至古土壤层,古土壤层是良好的隔水层,加上黄土层理倾向沟谷,在古土壤层面位置（半山腰）易形成与边坡顶部落水洞贯通的落水洞出口。受长期降水或短期强降水的影响,导致边坡失稳。     

Dynamic response of pavements on poroelastic half-space soil medium to a moving traffic load

This paper presents an investigation of the steady-state response of pavement systems subjected to a moving traffic load. The traffic loads are simulated by four rectangular load pressures, and the rigid and flexible pavement systems are regarded as an infinite plate resting on a poroelastic half-space soil medium. The contact surface between the plate and the poroelastic half-space is assumed to be smooth and fully permeable. Kirchhoff small-deflection thin-plate theory is employed to analyze the plate, while Biot’s fully dynamic poroelastic theory is used to characterize the poroelastic half-space. The frequency wave-number domain solution of the pavement system is obtained by the compatibility condition between the plate and the poroelastic half-space. By applying the inverse fast Fourier transform, the time domain solution is obtained. Also, the influences of the load speed, the permeability of the soil, and the flexural rigidity of the plate on the response of the pavement system are investigated. The numerical results show that the influences of these parameters on the dynamic response of the pavement system are significant.     

Field study of monotonic and cyclic lateral behaviour of piles in soft soils improved with and without vacuum preloading

Acta Geotechnica - Project Oufei is the largest individual reclamation project in Wenzhou city, China, and the main infrastructure consists of seawalls, sluices and separation dikes. These...     

Influence of initial state and intermediate principal stress on undrained behavior of soft clay during pure principal stress rotation

It is important to be fully aware of the dynamic characteristics of saturated soft clays under complex loading conditions in practice. In this paper, a series of undrained tests for soft clay consolidated with different initial major principal stress direction ξ were conducted by a hollow cylinder apparatus (HCA). The clay samples were subjected to pure principal stress rotation as the magnitudes of the mean total stress p, intermediate principal stress coefficient b, and deviator stress q were all maintained constant. The influences of intermediate principal stress coefficient and initial major principal stress direction on the variation of strain components, generation of pore water pressure, cyclic degradation and non-coaxiality were investigated. The experimental observations indicated that the strain components of specimen were affected by both intermediate principal stress coefficient and initial major principal stress direction. The generation of the pore water pressure was significantly influenced by intermediate principal stress coefficient. However, the generation of pore water pressure was merely influenced by initial major principal stress direction when b?=?0.5. It was also noted that the torsional stress–strain relationships were affected by the number of cycles, and the effect of intermediate principal stress coefficient and initial major principal stress direction on the torsional stress–strain loops were also significant. Stiffness degradation occur under pure principal stress rotation. Anisotropic behavior resulting from the process of inclined consolidation have considerable effects on the strain components and non-coaxial behavior of soft clay.

     

安哥拉Quelo砂场地非饱和渗流试验与计算

在安哥拉某Quelo砂土场地开展了现场试坑浸水试验,实测了水在地基土中的渗透和消散过程;通过室内测试得到砂土的主要物理参数,采用改进的Kovács粒径方法估计土-水特征曲线,Van Genuchen模型估算渗透系数曲线,数值模拟了与现场试验情况相同的水渗透和消散过程;对比了实测结果和数值计算结果的异同。研究结果表明浸水条件下自由水面之下的砂土远未达到完全饱和,数值计算结果虽能较好反映浸水渗透的宏观规律以及停水后水的消散过程,但要较准确预测水的浸润范围,需要建立经验的“饱和体积含水率”取值方法,本砂土场地“饱和体积含水率”取对应饱和度65%的体积含水率较为适宜。     

Effect of sand on the vacuum consolidation of dredged slurry

Vacuum preloading is often used to improve the geotechnical properties of dredged slurry. Although the performance of this method has improved with rapidly developing technology, soil columns usually formed on the drainage boundary induce the decrease of permeability around the boundary, thereby limiting the further development of this method. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method for pretreating the slurry combined with sand prior to vacuum consolidation. This method partially replaces the fine particles with sand to reduce the formation of soil columns. Two groups of vacuum preloading tests were performed to investigate the effect of sand content and sand grain size on the vacuum consolidation of dredged slurry. The test results revealed that for a given sand grain size, increasing the sand content of the sand–slurry mixture increased the pore water drainage and accelerated the dissipation of pore water pressure, thereby increasing the vane shear strength. In contrast, for a constant sand content, the samples containing coarse sand exhibited increased pore water drainage and accelerated dissipation of pore water pressure, thereby increasing the vane shear strength of the soil.     

大荷载原煤仓天然地基沉降监测及分析

为了真实反映大荷载原煤仓天然地基沉降变形随上覆荷载的变化特征及规律,确保工程安全,在研究区场地建立了一套沉降监测系统,跟踪测试了建设施工及运营期间荷载作用下原煤仓地基土的沉降变形,并依据实际监测结果,通过\     

典型黄土-古土壤系列浸水渗透及湿陷变形规律

为查明典型黄土-古土壤系列地层结构的水分运移及湿陷变形规律,依托西安北至机场城际轨道项目于渭北黄土塬区所进行的大型试坑浸水试验,采用现场实时观测的方法,跟踪测试了无渗水孔条件下的湿陷性土层浸水渗透及湿陷变形。结果表明：在浸水前期,渗透水流以垂直运动为主,整体形态似一不断加大的“秤砣”形,随着水分运移至埋深较大土层时（约15.0 m）,水平运动开始加大,直至达到水分入渗扩散角界限,最终,浸润区及饱和区均呈现形似倒置“漏斗”的形态;受水分扩散的影响,沉降过程可划分为：初始浸水段-剧烈湿陷段-湿陷稳定段-停水孔压消散段-固结沉降段-沉降稳定段;古土壤层阻碍了水分的垂直渗透速度,并对其上土层的侧向扩散起到一定促进作用,停水后,则起到隔绝水分向下快速扩散的作用。研究结果为认识典型黄土-古土壤系列场地水分运移及湿陷变形规律提供了参考,也可为该地区未来工程建设提供指导及借鉴。