Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis with FSME-Immun vaccine was started in the Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical School of Bia?ystok, Poland, in 1992. No serious adverse reactions after vaccine administration were observed. Post-vaccine side effects were reported in 242 (11.3%) persons after the first dose (n = 2,135) and only in 14 patients (1.2%) after the second one (n = 1,183). These effects were mild and transitory. No relationship was observed between the frequency of adverse reactions, general or local, and the initial anti-TBE virus antibody titres or the age of the immunized individuals. Post-vaccine side effects were reported significantly more frequently among people not bitten by ticks. 相似文献
Lakes play a vital role in regulating water storage, flow of river water, and ultimately maintaining a balanced ecosystem. Spatial and temporal variations in physicochemical parameters of water in Harike Wetland, a Ramsar site in the northwestern state of Punjab, India, were studied. This study was conducted on a monthly basis from January to December 2015. The water quality was studied at ten locations from sites 1 to 10 upstream, central and downstream from Harike Lake for ten physicochemical parameters, including temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen concentration biological oxygen demand, nitrate and phosphate concentrations and salinity. The findings of this study revealed that, except for temperature and pH, all parameters exhibited relatively higher values for the Sutlej River, compared with the Beas River, with sampling sites 5 to site 7 exhibiting intermediate results. The mean seasonal temperature variations ranged from 16.9 to 26.6 °C, the pH from 7.7 to 8.2, electrical conductivity from 223 to 303 μS cm?1 and TDS concentration from 148.7 to 180.4 ppm. Correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relations between the variables. The electrical conductivity exhibited a high positive correlation with salinity and biological oxygen demand, whereas it correlated negatively with the dissolved oxygen concentration. Box and whisker plots were also plotted for the study results to better examine the data distribution. 相似文献
A new paradigm, which models the relationships between handwriting and topic categories, in the context of medical forms,
is presented. The ultimate goals are: (1) a robust method which categorizes medical forms into specified categories, and (2)
the use of such information for practical applications such as an improved recognition of medical handwriting or retrieval
of medical forms as in a search engine. Medical forms have diverse, complex and large lexicons consisting of English, Medical
and Pharmacology corpus. Our technique shows that a few recognized characters, returned by handwriting recognition, can be
used to construct a linguistic model capable of representing a medical topic category. This allows (1) a reduced lexicon to
be constructed, thereby improving handwriting recognition performance, and (2) PCR (Pre-Hospital Care Report) forms to be
tagged with a topic category and subsequently searched by information retrieval systems. We present an improvement of over
7% in raw recognition rate and a mean average precision of 0.28 over a set of 1,175 queries on a data set of unconstrained
handwritten medical forms filled in emergency environments.
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation. 相似文献
Data quality became significant with the emergence of data warehouse systems. While accuracy is intrinsic data quality, validity of data presents a wider perspective, which is more representational and contextual in nature. Through our article we present a different perspective in data collection and collation. We focus on faults experienced in data sets and present validity as a function of allied parameters such as completeness, usability, availability and timeliness for determining the data quality. We also analyze the applicability of these metrics and apply modifications to make it conform to IoT applications. Another major focus of this article is to verify these metrics on aggregated data set instead of separate data values. This work focuses on using the different validation parameters for determining the quality of data generated in a pervasive environment. Analysis approach presented is simple and can be employed to test the validity of collected data, isolate faults in the data set and also measure the suitability of data before applying algorithms for analysis. On analyzing the data quality of the two data sets on the basis of above-mentioned parameters. We show that validity for data set 1 was found to be 75% while it was found to be 67% only for data set 2. Availability and data freshness metrics performance were analyzed graphically. It was found that for data set 1, data freshness was better while availability metric was found better for data set 2. Usability obtained for data set 2 was 86% which was higher as compared to data set 1 whose usability metric was 69%. Thus, this work presents methods that can be leveraged for estimating data quality that can be beneficial in various IoT based industries which are essentially data centric and the decisions made by them depends upon the validity of data.
With the ever-increasing growth of the World Wide Web, there is an urgent need for an efficient information retrieval system
that can search and retrieve handwritten documents when presented with user queries. However, unconstrained handwriting recognition
remains a challenging task with inadequate performance thus proving to be a major hurdle in providing robust search experience
in handwritten documents. In this paper, we describe our recent research with focus on information retrieval from noisy text
derived from imperfect handwriting recognizers. First, we describe a novel term frequency estimation technique incorporating
the word segmentation information inside the retrieval framework to improve the overall system performance. Second, we outline
a taxonomy of different techniques used for addressing the noisy text retrieval task. The first method uses a novel bootstrapping
mechanism to refine the OCR’ed text and uses the cleaned text for retrieval. The second method uses the uncorrected or raw
OCR’ed text but modifies the standard vector space model for handling noisy text issues. The third method employs robust image
features to index the documents instead of using noisy OCR’ed text. We describe these techniques in detail and also discuss
their performance measures using standard IR evaluation metrics. 相似文献
Wave-equation-based forward modelling using explicit finite-difference methods is a standard technique for calculating synthetic seismograms. The stability criterion restricts the size of the time step. In this paper a predictor–corrector method for solving the wave equation is described which allows the use of a larger time step. A stability analysis of the method is also carried out. Parallel implementation of the algorithm is described for a distributed computing environment which makes use of MPI and PVM message passing calls for communication between processors. 相似文献
Silicon - In this study, an innovative one part, solution free concept applied for the development of hybrid inorganic–organic geopolymeric precursors having Si-O-Al networks at the precursor... 相似文献
In the present paper, the structural and mechanical properties of alkaline earth oxides mixed compound SrxCd1?xO (0 ? x ? 1) under high pressure have been reported. An extended interaction potential (EIP) model, including the zero point vibrational energy effect, has been developed for this study. Phase transition pressures are associated with a sudden collapse in volume. Phase transition pressure and associated volume collapses [ΔV (Pt)/V(0)] calculated from this approach are in good agreement with the experimental values for the parent compounds (x = 0 and x = 1). The results for the mixed crystal counterparts are also in fair agreement with experimental data generated from the application of Vegard’s law to the data for the parent compounds. 相似文献