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前人研究中BDA方法采用的轴对称Bogus台风不能反映个别台风具体特征,也弃掉了背景场的合理成分,有必要改用更精细的非对称台风Bogus模型对BDA方案做出改进。因此,提出一种充分融合分析场信息和实际观测信息并考虑副高影响的非对称台风Bogus方法,针对0613、0704台风个例,通过4DVAR技术,利用MM5模式及其伴随模式对此Bogus资料进行BDA同化试验和模拟预报,数值结果表明:BDA方法同化非对称台风Bogus模型,其路径预报效果优于同化轴对称台风模型,同化两种Bogus资料都使台风强度模拟效果得到极大改善,但改善程度相当,故台风的非对称结构及副高等外围环境场及背景场弱台风中合理信息对台风的准确模拟起到关键作用,同时,Bogus资料同化方法用于远洋上的台风时,需注意台风模型与副高的配置关系。 相似文献
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三维变分同化中不同物理量对台风预报的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用NMC方法统计了2006年9月的背景误差协方差,利用Bogus资料对台风进行了初始化,并对2006年“桑美”台风进行了同化试验。结果发现,同化不同的Bogus资料,所得到的台风初始场各不相同,对台风预报的影响也各不相同。对海平面气压同化,可以使台风强度明显加强,形成成熟的暖心结构;基于风速同化,对台风强度的改变较弱,对暖心结构的改进不是很明显。在同化海平面气压和风速的基础上,针对相对湿度的同化,在一定程度上可以改善台风强度预报,有利于提高台风路径的预报精度。 相似文献
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海洋飞沫对热带气旋影响的数值试验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
将最新版的Andreas海洋飞沫通量参数化方案与中尺度大气模式MM5V3耦合,对0514号热带气旋Nabi进行数值模拟,探讨海洋飞沫蒸发对热带气旋发展和演变的影响.模拟结果表明,考虑海洋飞沫的作用后,热带气旋范围内(气旋中心附近600 km左右范围内)的潜热和感热通量明显增强,尤其是潜热通量,最大值可提高35%~80%,潜热通量的大值区对应热带气旋眼墙处的最大风速区.无论是否考虑海洋飞沫作用,模式均能较好地模拟出热带气旋Nabi的移动路径,但考虑飞沫作用后,由于飞沫对海气界面通量交换的贡献,使得模拟热带气旋中心的最低海平面气压降低,最大风速增强,暖心结构更加明显. 相似文献
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Brightness temperature anomalies measured by the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) polar-orbiting series are suited to estimate tropical cyclone (TC) intensity by virtue of their ability to assess changes in tropospheric warm core struc-ture in the presence of clouds. Analysis of the measurements from different satellites shows that the variable horizontal resolution of the instrument has significant effects on the observed brightness temperature anoma-lies. With the aim to decrease these effects on TC intensity estimation more easily and effectively, a new simple correction algorithm, which is related to the product of the brightness temperature gradient near the TC center and the size of the field-of-view (FOV) observing the TC center, is proposed to modify the observed anomalies. Without other measurements, the comparison shows that the performance of the new algorithm is better than that of the traditional, physically-based algorithm. Furthermore, based on the correction algorithm, a new scheme, in which the brightness temperature anomalies at 31.4 GHz and 89 GHz accounting for precipitation effects are directly used as the predictors with those at 54.94 GHz and 55.5 GHz, is developed to estimate TC intensity in the western North Pacific basin. The collocated AMSU-A observations from NOAA-16 with the best track (BT) intensity data from the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) in 2002-2003 and in 2004 are used respectively to develop and validate regression coefficients. For the independent validation dataset, the scheme yields 8.4 hPa of the root mean square error and 6.6 hPa of the mean absolute error. For the 81 collocated cases in the western North Pacific basin and for the 24 collocated cases in the Atlantic basin, compared to the BT data, the standard deviations of the estimation differences of the results are 15% and 11% less than those of the CIMSS (Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, Univ 相似文献
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利用16 a的TRMM卫星观测资料,分析了亚洲季风区准圆状、线状和拉长状中尺度对流系统(MCSs)的空间分布、对流属性及其区域变化特征。结果表明:拉长状MCSs的数量最多,准圆状的其次而线状的最少。自西向东,准圆状(线状)MCSs数量占各区域MCSs总数的比例逐渐减小(增加),线状MCSs在副热带和洋面地区的产生几率相比更大。MCSs的发生频次呈现以暖季(5—9月)为峰值的单峰分布,准圆状和拉长状MCSs的暖季峰值比线状MCSs的大。MCSs主要发生在下午—傍晚时段,但线状MCSs在午夜—凌晨出现的概率比其它两种大。3种类型MCSs的整体强度基本表现为副热带地区弱于近热带地区,但不同类型MCSs的强度差异在各区域不尽相同,如中国中东部地区和西北太平洋地区的准圆状MCSs强度最强,但东海及其以东洋面的线状MCSs强度最强。 相似文献
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The MM5, which is the PSU/NCAR mesoscale nonhydrostatic limited-area model, and its
adjoining modeling system are used in this paper. Taking T106 analysis data as background field the authors
generate an optimal initial condition of a typhoon by using two bogus data assimilation schemes, and conduct
some numerical simulating experiments. The results of No.9608 typhoon (Gloria) show that the optimal initial
field have some dramatic improvements, such as inaccurate position of typhoon center, weaker typhoon
circulation and incomplete inner structure of the typhoon, which are caused by shortage of data over the sea.
Some improvements have been made in the track forecast. Through several comparing experiments, the
initialization optimized by BDA scheme is found to be more reasonable than GFDL scheme and its typhoon track
forecast is better. 相似文献
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南海西沙海区5~6月份辐射通量研究--整体公式建立 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
将南海西沙海区2000年5~6月海面辐射通量(包括太阳短波辐射、海面反射辐射、大气逆辐射和海面长波辐射)与云量、海温、气温、水汽压等气象要素进行了对比分析,发现它们之间存在一定的相关关系,利用这些关系建立了适合于计算南海西沙海区的太阳短波辐射、大气逆辐射、海面长波辐射和海面反照度的经验公式.分析结果表明,采用本文经验公式计算的各辐射通量值与实测资料的误差较一般常用经验公式的计算误差均有不同程度的减小,计算结果与实测结果在变化趋势上也具有较好的一致性. 相似文献