萘普生片的体外溶出度考察

该文采用转篮法配以紫外分光光度法研究了4个厂家6批萘普生片的体外溶出度。求得T_(50)、T_4等参数具有显著性差异,表明不同厂家生产的萘普生片溶出度相差显著。作者对影响萘普生片药物溶出的某些因素进行了讨论,并提出国产萘普生片有必要制定溶出度标准。     

Effect of aerosol size on the blood lead distribution of industrial workers

The size distribution measurements of lead aerosol from a brass foundry and primary lead smelter are used to simulate blood lead distributions applying a pharmacokinetic model developed by Bernard. The predicted distribution of blood lead levels determined using the actual size distribution of lead aerosol are compared to the blood lead levels predicted according to the model assumptions adopted in setting the OSHA lead standard. In the furnace area of the smelter and the pouring area of the foundry the predicted mean blood lead level is higher than that found in the standard whereas, in the smelter's sintering and mixing operation the blood lead level is less than that suggested by the standard. The data support the conclusion that size-selective sampling needs to be considered for incorporation into the OSHA lead standard.     

Blood to brain distribution of neuroleptics

Knowledge of the tissue distribution of drugs is important in interpreting other more commonly measured pharmacokinetic parameters, such as levels of drug in blood. For the neuroleptics, studies of blood to brain distribution are few and, due to technical differences between studies, the results are neither consistent within drugs nor comparable between drugs. We estimated the plasma to brain distribution of several common neuroleptics in rats using a single technique, the radioreceptor assay for neuroleptics. At doses that led to plasma levels similar to those achieved in clinical use, brain to plasma ratios ranged from 34 and 22 for fluphenazine and haloperidol, respectively, to 2.2 and 0.97 for thioridazine and mesoridazine, respectively. In general, clinical milligram potency and the favorability of distribution to brain ranked in the same order. These results may explain why such low levels of the high potency neuroleptics and such high levels of the low potency neuroleptics, greater than can be explained by relative differences between the same drugs in potency in vitro, are observed in blood both by radioreceptor and chemical assay techniques.     

The distribution and function of DL-[H]2-Amino-4-Phosphonobutyrate binding sites in the rat striatum

The binding of the glutate-like radioligand,DL-[³H]2-amino-4-phosphhonobutyrate (DL-[³H]APB), to L-glutamate-sensitive sites in the rat striatum was investigated. A single, saturable population of binding sites, indistinguishable from that characterized previously on rat whole brain synaptic membranes, was identified. The effects of specific lesions of the striatum: (a) decortication; (b) striatal injection of kainic acid; and (c) 6-hydroxydopamine injections into the substantia nigra, were also examined. SpecificDL-[³H]APB binding in the striatum was elevated significantly following decortication. An increase in the number of binding sites was found to be responsible for this enhancement in binding. Lesions of the postsynaptic tartets of corticostriatal fibres reduced the number of DL-[³H]APB binding sites in the striatum without affecting binding site affinity. This finding suggests thatL-APB sensitive excitatory amino acid receptors are located predominantly on membranes derived from structures postsynaptic with regard to the glutamatergic innervation. The possible physiological role of these receptors was examined using an in vitro release technique. BothL-glutamate and L-APB were found to facilitate potassium evoked [³H]dopamine release from striatal slices. This finding supports the proposed existence of functional acidic amino acid receptors on dopaminergic terminals in the striatum. These receptors may play an important role in the control of motor function.     

食品行业蝇类孳生情况调查分析

目的对哈尔滨市阿城区食品行业蝇类构成、季节分布和消长规律进行调查分析,为制定有效的灭蝇措施提供科学依据。方法采用笼诱法。结果10个点共捕蝇1 886只,隶属4科12属14种,蝇类平均密度1.69只/h。其中捕获的厩腐蝇、丝光绿蝇、家蝇、棕尾别麻蝇等为优势种。结论蝇类季节消长与气象条件变化关系密切,蝇类分布与孳生环境有密切关系,这些为控制和消灭蝇类提供了科学依据。     

圆形分布对蝇类季节变化规律的分析研究

目的：掌握蝇类季节变化规律，为蝇类防制提供依据；方法：用圆形分布法；结果：曲阜市1995--1998年城区蝇类高峰日为7月7日，高峰期4月15日—8月28日，有明显的变化及规律；结论：蝇类季节变化规律的分析，有效预防流行疾病的传播和流行。     

新疆昌吉农村居民嗜肺军团菌病血清流行病学研究

应用 ELISA 法检测1881名新疆昌吉农村10岁以上居民血清 LP_1～LP_8IgG、LPIgG 阳性率为6.9%;LP_1～LP_8IgG 阳性率分别为5.2%、0.58%、0.53%、0.74%、0.67%、1.17%、0.28%和0.37%。LPIgG 在各年龄、性别及职业人群间分布差异不显著。     

广西80415例死因的时间分布研究

本文用圆形分布理论研究了１９９０－１９９２年广西１０个县（市，区）的死因调查资料。对前１０位死因逐月死亡频数分布的研究认为；本次死因调查的逐月死亡频数分布并不像疾病病例分布那样具有明显的季节性，且各月的死因顺位为循环系疾病，呼吸系疾病，肿瘤，损伤和中毒，传染病寄生虫，消化系疾病，新生儿病，泌尿生殖系病，内分泌代谢免疫性疾病的依次顺位，但女性逐月死因顺位则以呼吸系疾病为首位，其他相同。     

抗孕唑(DL111-IT)在大鼠体内的吸收、分布和排泄

大鼠im抗孕唑很快被吸收并分布到各组织中,其中以子宫、卵巢含量最高,其次为肺、心、肾、肌肉,脑、骨中含量较少。大鼠iV抗孕唑后24h,从粪、尿中排出原形药量为0.084±0.039％,168h排出0.396±0.071％。12h内从胆汁排泄的原形药量占给药剂量的1.62±2.04％。可见原药进入体内后很快被代谢。im抗孕唑后1h,注射部位肌肉中的余留量约为给药剂量的50％。t_(1/2)(Ke)=228.812±96.112(min)。