卡介菌多糖核酸治疗白癜风68例临床疗效及对免疫调节作用观察

目的观察卡介菌多糖核酸治疗白癜风的临床疗效。方法将68例白癜风患者随机分为两组,治疗组36例肌注卡介菌多糖核酸注射液联合外用30%补骨脂酊,对照组32例单纯外用30%补骨脂酊,给药3个月。分别用流式细胞术和ELISA方法检测卡介苗多糖核酸治疗白癜风前后患者外周血T细胞亚群、IL-10和IFN-γ的水平。结果治疗组总有效率为91.7%,对照组总有效率59.4%,治疗组显著优于对照组(P<0.01)。卡介菌多糖核酸治疗后,患者CD4+百分比及CD4+/CD8+比值较治疗前升高,CD8+百分比降低,IFN-γ水平升高(P<0.05),IL-10水平下降(P<0.05)。结论卡介菌多糖核酸可显著改善患者细胞免疫功能,能有效治疗白癜风。     

多柔比星纳米载药系统逆转肿瘤多药耐药的研究进展

多柔比星是治疗乳腺癌、肺癌的1种有效的化疗药物。现存的主要问题是临床使用时肿瘤细胞产生多药耐药。为克服多药耐药,研究者们报道了一些利用纳米载药系统传递多柔比星的方法。纳米载药系统生物相容性好,稳定性高,具有药物控释和靶向性的优点,在药物传递中应用广泛。纳米载药系统可分为无机物纳米系统、基于脂质的纳米系统和聚合物纳米系统3种类型,在多柔比星载药中均有应用。综述近年来有关纳米载药系统最新研究文献,对其研究进展作了分析,并展望了其发展前景。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱分析吴茱萸水煎液的化学成分

目的建立吴茱萸中化学成分的液质联用分析方法,研究吴茱萸的化学成分。方法水煎煮提取吴茱萸,运用LC—MS“联用技术得到各化合物的总离子流图和多级质谱图,从而对各色谱峰进行鉴定。结果从吴茱萸提取物中鉴定出14个化合物。结论HPLC—MS。法可用于吴茱萸中3类成分的结构分析,为建立准确的质量评价方法提供了参考。     

信息系统在门诊静脉滴注用药安全性监测中的应用

目的：对影响静脉滴注用药安全的因素进行控制,并加强对ADR报告的规范。方法通过程序改造,对用法用量、给药途径、配伍等影响用药安全的主要环节进行程序自动审核,并实现ADR上报的提醒与提供较完整的相关信息;配合流程改造,实现了门诊静脉用药流程的闭环管理。结果与结论该系统与流程在门诊静脉滴注用药安全性监管中能减少差错,提高ADR报告质量。     

60例参附注射液不良反应分析

目的探讨参附注射液发生药品不良反应（ADR）的规律和原因,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法将我院2000年5月～2012年12月临床各科室上报的60例参附注射液ADR按患者性别,年龄,用法用量,原患疾病,ADR发生时间,ADR累及系统一器官及主要临床表现等进行统计分析。结果参附注射液ADR以皮肤损害为主,消化系统次之,有迟发反应的特性,但未发现死亡报告。结论参附注射液的ADR与剂量和年龄有关,关注迟发型不良反应的发生,临床应加强参附注射液的不良反应监测。     

Enhancement of Achilles tendon repair mediated by matrix metalloproteinase inhibition via systemic administration of doxycycline

Collagenases or matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been shown to play an important role in the matrix degradation cascade associated with Achilles tendon rupture and disease. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of daily administration of doxycycline (Doxy) through oral gavage on MMP activity and on the repair quality of Achilles tendons in vivo. Our findings indicate that Achilles tendon transection resulted in increasing MMP‐8 activity from 2 to 6 weeks post‐injury, with peak increases in activity occurring at 4 weeks post‐injury. Doxy adiministration at clinically relevant serum concentrations was found to significantly inhibit MMP activity after continuous treatment for 4 weeks, but not for continuous administration for shorter durations (96 h or 2 weeks). Extended doxy administration was also associated with improved collagen fibril organization, and enhanced biomechanical properties (stiffness, ultimate tensile strength, maximum load to failure, and elastic toughness). Our findings indicate that a temporal delay exists between Achilles tendon transection and associated increases in MMP‐8 activity in situ. Our findings suggest that inhibition of MMP‐8 at its peak activity levels ameliorates fibrosis development and improves biomechanical properties of the Achilles tendon. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:500–506, 2014.     

Changes in the integrins expression are related with the osteoarthritis severity in an experimental animal model in rats

We identify changes in the expression and localization of α5, α4, and α2 integrins during osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis in a rat experimental model. The changes were concomitant with variations in the extracellular matrix (ECM) content and the increase of metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity during OA pathogenesis, which were analyzed by immunofluorescence and Western blot assays. Our results showed an increased expression of α5 and α2 integrins at OA late stages, which was co‐related with changes in the ECM content, as a consequence of the MMPs activity. In addition, this is the first report that has shown the presence of α4 integrin since OA early stages, which was co‐related with the loss of proteoglycans and clusters formation. However, at late OA stages, the increased expression of α4 integrin in the middle and deep zones of the cartilage was also co‐related with the abnormal endochondral ossification of the cartilage through its interaction with osteopontin. Finally, we conclude that ECM‐chondrocytes interaction through specific cell receptors is essential to maintain the cartilage homeostasis. However, due to integrins cell signaling is ligand‐dependent; changes in the ECM contents could induce activation of either anabolic or catabolic processes, which limits the reparative capacity of chondrocytes, favoring OA severity. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:1161–1166, 2014.     

rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗50例急性脑梗死疗效及安全性分析

目的探讨重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果及安全性。方法选择发病在4.5h内,平均2.86±0.8h内急性脑梗死患者73例,分为两组,溶栓组50例患者给予rt-PA 0.9mg·kg-1·d-1静脉溶栓,常规治疗组23例患者采用抗血小板聚集药物等治疗,比较溶栓和常规治疗后24h、7d及14d美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分并记录不良反应。结果溶栓组治疗后24h、7d及14d时,NIHSS评分较溶栓前及对照组均明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);溶栓后头颅MRI/CT及临床表现提示未出现症状性脑出血。结论 rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗发病4.5h内脑梗死是安全有效的。     

Extracellular matrix-regulated neural differentiation of human multipotent marrow progenitor cells enhances functional recovery after spinal cord injury

Background context

Recent advanced studies have demonstrated that cytokines and extracellular matrix (ECM) could trigger various types of neural differentiation. However, the efficacy of differentiation and in vivo transplantation has not yet thoroughly been investigated.

Purpose

To highlight the current understanding of the effects of ECM on neural differentiation of human bone marrow-derived multipotent progenitor cells (MPCs), regarding state-of-art cure for the animal with acute spinal cord injury (SCI), and explore future treatments aimed at neural repair.

Study design

A selective overview of the literature pertaining to the neural differentiation of the MSCs and experimental animals aimed at improved repair of SCI.

Methods

Extracellular matrix proteins, tenascin-cytotactin (TN-C), tenascin-restrictin (TN-R), and chondroitin sulfate (CS), with the cytokines, nerve growth factor (NGF)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/retinoic acid (RA) (NBR), were incorporated to induce transdifferentiation of human MPCs. Cells were treated with NBR for 7 days, and then TN-C, TN-R, or CS was added for 2 days. The medium was changed every 2 days. Twenty-four animals were randomly assigned to four groups with six animals in each group: one experimental and three controls. Animals received two (bilateral) injections of vehicle, MPCs, NBR-induced MPCs, or NBR/TN-C-induced MPCs into the lesion sites after SCI. Functional assessment was measured using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor rating score. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) post hoc tests.

Results

Results showed that MPCs with the transdifferentiation of human MPCs to neurons were associated with increased messenger-RNA (mRNA) expression of neuronal markers including nestin, microtubule-associated protein (MAP) 2, glial fibrillary acidic protein, βIII tubulin, and NGF. Greater amounts of neuronal morphology appeared in cultures incorporated with TN-C and TN-R than those with CS. The addition of TN-C enhanced mRNA expressions of MAP2, βIII tubulin, and NGF, whereas TN-R did not significantly change. Conversely, CS exposure decreased MAP2, βIII tubulin, and NGF expressions. The TN-C-treated MSCs significantly and functionally repaired SCI-induced rats at Day 42. Present results indicate that ECM components, such as tenascins and CS in addition to cytokines, may play functional roles in regulating neurogenesis by human MPCs.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the combined use of TN-C, NBR, and human MPCs offers a new feasible method for nerve repair.