双能X线骨密度仪检查及数字化X线摄影术用于骨搬移术后

目的 观察骨搬移术后应用双能X线骨密度仪（DEXA）检查及数字化X线摄影术（DR）的价值。方法 对19例因胫骨外伤致感染性骨不连及大面积骨缺损接受胫骨搬移术患者分别于术后2、4、6及8周、停止搬移即刻、停止搬移后4、8周、去外固定架前4周及去外固定架即刻行DEXA和DR检查,观察不同时间点胫骨搬移区新生骨痂（BMD_新生骨痂）和截骨上下端原骨质骨密度（BMD_{截骨上下端}）及二者比率,分析DR图像中胫骨新生骨痂的形态及填充量。结果 胫骨搬移术术后各时间点BMD_新生骨痂、BMD_{截骨上下端}及BMD比率总体差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。BMD_新生骨痂及BMD比率在术后2周分别为（0.07±0.01） g/cm²及（5.56±1.24）%,且均随术后时间延长而升高（P均<0.05）;BMD_{截骨上下端}在术后2周为（1.21±0.07） g/cm²,随时间延长而降低,去外固定架前4周降至最低（P均<0.05）、去外固定架即刻有所升高但与前者差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。DR显示,术后4周胫骨搬移始区见新生骨痂影,随时间延长而呈多形态变化;术后2周胫骨搬移区未见新生骨痂填充,至停止搬移即刻新生骨痂填充量达25%,停止搬移4、8周达50%、75%,去外固定架前4周基本达100%。结论 DEXA能动态监测骨搬移术后搬移区新生骨痂及截骨端原骨质BMD;DR可显示新生骨痂形态变化;骨搬移术后联合应用二者有助于评估预后。     

不同时间给予转化生长因子β对兔骨折愈合作用的研究

目的 探讨不同时间给予外源性TGF—β对骨折愈合的促进作用。方法 采用兔右尺骨骨折模型，在不同作用时间于骨折区局部注射TGF-β，观察骨折愈合后生物力学、骨痂面积、皮质骨厚度和哈佛氏管直径的变化。结果 不同时间段给予TCF—P各组的骨痂面积和最大抗弯强度均有明显增加。不同给予时间的作用效果不同，在骨折后3～13d局部注射TGF—β的作用最强，TGF-β对愈合骨的极限应力、刚度、极限负荷时能量吸收、皮质骨厚度和哈佛氏管直径则没有影响。结论 外源性TGF—β促进骨折愈合具有时效作用，在膜内成骨期局部应用时作用明显。     

稀土元素对植物的激素样作用

目的：探讨稀土元素在植物细胞工程中的应用及其作用机制。方法：以药用植物大黄的愈伤组织为研究对象，研究不同浓度的稀土元素EU3+对愈伤组织生长的影响。结果：低浓度稀土元素EU3+促进愈伤组织生长，高浓度则抑制生长；稀土元素EU3+对大黄愈伤组织的促进作用可被钙调蛋白的拮抗剂抑制。结论：稀土元素有类似植物激素的作用，其作用机制可能与钙调蛋白有关。     

Fracture Healing: A Concept of Competing Healing Factors

In the discussion concerning the theory of the healing of shaft fractures the demand for absolute stability of the fracture has been a dominating factor. This cannot be an absolute prerequisite because fractures of the tibia or femur heal well even with continued weight-bearing and movement. the ingrowth of vessels is apparently not a crucial factor. It is evident, however, that fractures caused by direct violence with soft tissue damage heal more slowly than fractures caused by indirect violence, irrespective of the treatment. Soft tissue heals with fibrous scar; fractures heal by bone regeneration. the author postulates that the damaged tissue stimulates (possibly via molecular determinants) the structural genes of undifferentiated cells to produce mRNA and proteins for either fibrous tissue or bone formation. the rate of healing of the fracture is determined by the degree of bone damage in relation to soft tissue damage. in fractures with extensive soft tissue injury there occurs a competitive condition in the common haematoma, with a risk of delayed fracture healing due to the dominance of cells that are triggered off by fibrous tissue formation.     

外源性多胺及其生物合成抑制剂对人参愈伤组织生长的作用

人参愈伤组织在分别添加外源性腐胺和精脒及其生物合成抑制剂D-精氨酸的培养基中培养。在20天,取愈伤组织测定组织鲜重、内源性多胺水平、DNA、蛋白质含量及生长率。结果表明:随着外源性多胺剂量的增加,内源性多胺的含量升高,DNA合成增加,可溶性蛋白质和非溶性蛋白质含量显著提高,生长率增高;腐胺和精脒对愈伤组织的作用相似,都促进了其生长。D-精氨酸明显地抑制了内源性多胺、DNA和蛋白质的合成,组织生长受到了抑制,D-精氨酸的抑制作用表现出良好的量效关系。结果说明多胺是人参愈伤组织生长必不可少的调节因子。     

当归Angelica sinesis(Oliv.)Diels组织培养的研究

本文报道了用当归离体根颈即根端的芽和叶柄切段诱导愈伤组织的适宜培养基及激素与温度对器官分化的效应。通过愈伤组织的细胞学观察,判断植株再生方式为胚状体和不定芽(苗)。还应用薄层层析、纸层析法,初步鉴定证明所获得的培养物具有合成与栽培当归根同样成分的挥发油和碳水化合物的能力,进一步证明了一些学者提出的“植物的离体细胞在人工培养下,具有药物生物合成的全能性”。     

怀牛膝组织培养及齐墩果酸定量分析的研究

目的 :以怀牛膝的子叶为外植体 ,以愈伤指数与齐墩果酸含量优选最佳MS培养基。方法 :在附加不同浓度和比例的2 ,4 -D和 6 -BA的MS培养基上 ,探讨植物生长调节物质对怀牛膝愈伤组织诱导、增殖的效应 ,通过薄层扫描测定齐墩果酸含量。结果 :在MS 6 -BA 0 .5mg/L 2 .4 -D 1 .5mg/L培养基上诱导率最高 ,形成愈伤组织时间最短 ,齐墩果酸含量最高     

Effect of Indomethacin on Fracture Healing in Rats

The healing of closed, non-immobilized femoral fractures in rats was seriously impaired by indomethacin given orally at a dose of 2 mg/kg daily. The fracture haematomas were larger and disappeared later in the animals receiving indomethacin. Mechanical strength testing of fracture healing showed that maximal tensile strength, elastic stiffness and maximal bending moment between fragments were significantly diminished in the indomethacin-treated animals. Radiological examination showed a smaller amount of mineralized callus and a more pronounced angulation between the fragments in these animals than in the placebo-treated ones. Histological examination showed bridging between the fragments by callus tissue 24 days after fracture in placebo-treated animals, whereas indomethacin treatment was followed by histological findings resembling those seen in early pseud-arthrosis development.     

脑外伤合并四肢骨折骨痂局部转化生长因子-β基因表达的实验研究

目的 通过对SD大鼠脑外伤合并四肢骨折不同时间段骨痂局部转化生长因子(TGF-β)的基因表达进行检测,了解TGF-β在增强骨折愈合过程中的作用。方法 纯种SD雄性大鼠80只,随机分为（每组40只）单纯四肢骨折组（对照组）与脑外伤合并四肢骨折组（实验组）（每组40只）,两组均利用逆转录PCR基因扩增技术对骨折后l、2、3、4周骨痂局部TGF-β基因表达的改变进行检测。结果 与对照组相比,实验组在骨折后1周TGF-β的基因表达明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在骨折后3周其表达明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组TGF-β基因表达均在骨折后2周达到峰值,峰值与其他时间段比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但两组间峰值比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 脑外伤合并四肢骨折骨痂局部TGF-β基因表达模式的改变表明,TGF-β基因参与了增强的骨折愈合病理生理过程。     

Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Delays the Attainment of Peak Woven Bone Formation following Four-Point Bending in the Rat

Fracture healing is retarded in the presence of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, demonstrating an important role of COX-2 in trauma-induced woven bone adaptation. The aim of this experiment was to determine the influence of COX-2 inhibition on the remodeling and consolidation of nontraumatic woven bone produced by mechanical loading. A periosteal woven bone callus was initiated in the right tibia of female Wistar rats following a single bout of four-point bending, applied as a haversine wave for 300 cycles at a frequency of 2 Hz and a magnitude of 65 N. Daily injections of vehicle (VEH, polyethylene glycol) or the COX-2 inhibitor 5,5-dimethyl-3-3(3 fluorophenyl)-4-(4-methylsulfonal)phenyl-2(5H)-furanone (DFU, 2.0 mg · kg⁻¹ and 0.02 mg · kg⁻¹ i.p.), commenced 7 days postloading, and tibiae were examined 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks postloading. Tibiae were dissected, embedded in polymethylmethacrylate, and sectioned for histomorphometric analysis of periosteal woven bone. No significant difference in peak woven bone area was observed between DFU-treated and VEH rats. However, treatment with DFU resulted in a temporal defect in woven bone formation, where the achievement of peak woven bone area was delayed by 1 week. Woven bone remodeling was observed in DFU-treated rats at 21 days postloading, demonstrating that remodeling of the periosteal callus is not prevented in the presence of a COX-2 inhibitor in the rat. We conclude that COX-2 inhibition does not significantly disrupt the mechanism of woven bone remodeling but alters its timing.