钼和硒对心肌细胞存活的协同作用

本文利用体外培养心肌细胞方法,通过直接观察钼和硒对心肌细胞生长发育及自发性收缩的影响,证明了钼和硒同时作用比钼和硒单独作用有更加明显之效果,即证明在这方面钼和硒具有协同作用。     

Effectiveness of Community Intervention in Improving Bone Health Behaviors in Older Adults

An 8-week, bone-health community program addressed risks/lifestyle changes within the Health Belief Model and Theory of Reasoned Action frameworks in a randomized format (treatment group n = 35; control group n = 34). Median week 1 values for calcium (control, 963 mg; treatment, 1023 mg) and vitamin D (81 IU both groups) were below recommendations, increasing throughout the program for both control (1023 mg calcium, 128 IU vitamin D) and treatment (1005 mg calcium, 122 IU vitamin D) groups. There was limited response to the exercise outcome variables, with many not participating in that section of the program. Psychosocial variables were positive for both control and treatment groups at week 1, with no significant difference at postintervention. Regression analysis indicated that those with a positive attitude about calcium intake and belief that they could choose calcium-fortified foods were more likely to have higher calcium intake. Intention to exercise was modified by peer and family support. Community-based programs can translate and use clinical trial key topics and outcomes, but participation bias makes impact results difficult to interpret the effectiveness of the program.     

Role of cyclic AMP in glucagon-induced stimulation of hepatic glucose output in man

The interrelationship between glucagon action on splanchnic glucose output and cyclic AMP production was studied in healthy volunteers after hepatic venous catheterization. Glucagon was infused according to four different protocols to achieve arterial levels ranging from 300 to 9000 ng/I. Infusion of glucagon which resulted in arterial levels of the hormone of 4000-9000 ng/1 was associated with a marked increase in net splanchnic cyclic AMP production and in the arterial levels of the cyclic nucleotide. The rise in cyclic AMP efflux from the splanchnic area was transient but an augmented splanchnic production was still evident after 30 min of glucagon infusion. Splanchnic glucose output rose 3-5 fold. Infusion of glucagon at lower rates, resulting in arterial levels of 300-900 ng/I, did not measureably stimulate the efflux of cyclic AMP from the splanchnic area. In spite of this, splanchnic glucose output rose 2-3 fold and the blood glucose level increased 20-50% during glucagon infusion at these lower rates.

It is concluded that (1) factors other than cyclic AMP are rate limiting in the stimulation of hepatic glucose production, and (2) although cyclic AMP is an established 'second messenger' of glucagon action, other factors may also be of importance in mediating the physiological response of this hormone.     

Assessing consumer profiles of ‘ideal’ assistive technologies in ten categories: An integration of quantitative and qualitative methods

This paper focuses on two trends in the field of disability and rehabilitation: (a) the desire to conserve resources and yet provide consumers with the highest quality assistive technologies that they find personally appealing and useful; and (b) the involvement of the consumers of rehabilitation services in key decisions regarding the products and services they receive. The Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Technology Evaluation and Transfer (Buffalo, NY, USA) has endeavoured to accomplish both by employing a mixed methods approach to consumer-identified needs and preferences regarding several categories of assistive technology. The purpose of this paper is to describe the methods used in sufficient detail for replication by other researchers.     

柴连口服液药理作用研究

柴连口服液对大鼠及家兔发热模型有明显退热作用；对急性渗出性炎症有显著抑制作用；对小鼠及豚鼠咳嗽反应有明显止咳作用。该口服液体内、体外抑菌作用明显，对副流感、流感病毒所致小鼠体内外感染有明显治疗作用     

The mechanism of action of leukotrienes A4, C4 and D4 on human lung parenchymain vitro

Indomethacin (20μg.ml⁻¹), a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and OKY-1581 (50 ug.ml⁻¹), a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, did not affect contractions of the superfused human lung parenchymal strips induced by histamine, leukotriene C₄ (LTC₄) and leukotriene D₄ (LTD₄). Indomethacin but not OKY-1581 reduced by 50% the myotropic activity of leukotriene A₄ (LTA₄) on the human lung strips. Injections of LTD₄ (100 ng; 0.2 n mole) in the circulation of perfused specimens of human lung did not stimulate the release of prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes (TXs) whereas they produced a large release of these icosanoids from perfused guinea-pig lungs. Perfused human lung specimens almost completely inactivated intraarterial injections of PGE₂ (50 ng) and released PGs and TXs upon mechanical stimulation. It is concluded that the actions of leukotrienes C₄ and D₄ in human lung (parenchymal strips and perfused specimens) are not mediated by the release of PGs and TXs.     

成骨细胞与破骨细胞共培养及其应用研究进展

成骨细胞与破骨细胞并非孤立存在,两种细胞存在直接接触、分泌旁分泌因子、细胞与骨基质3种相互作用.成骨细胞与破骨细胞共培养技术有直接接触式、间接接触式2类方式,它能最大程度地模拟体内微环境,有利于研究两细胞间的相互作用,探讨两者失衡在骨质疏松症等骨代谢疾病形成中的作用;细胞共培养应根据病理状态下两细胞的比例选用种属来源一致的细胞.目前该技术主要用于探讨药物防治骨质疏松症的作用机制,已有淫羊藿、三七、补骨脂、雷奈酸锶等既促进成骨细胞骨形成,又抑制破骨细胞骨吸收活性的双重药理作用研究等报道.成骨细胞与破骨细胞共培养的一个新的应用方向,将是应用于软骨下骨重建功能活动的探讨以及中西药干预骨性关节炎的研究.