桥梁健康监测中损伤特征提取的小波包方法

针对桥梁健康监测中结构损伤识别的特点,从模式识别的角度提出和分析了损伤特征提取问题.阐述了基于小波包分析的两种节点能量特征提取的方法.为了研究小波包系数节点能量和小波包信号成分节点能量对损伤信息进行特征提取的差异,通过对随机荷载激励下的连续梁进行数值模拟,得到了结构未损和损伤状态下的加速度时程信号.应用小波包变换,对不同结构状态下的加速度信号分别提取了两种小波包节点能量特征,并对它们作为结构损伤特征指标的敏感性进行了比较.认为两种特征指标的敏感性相差很小,而小波包系数节点能量特征指标的计算效率更高,更适合桥梁健康监测中损伤特征提取的要求.     

铜钛合金调幅分解之特征

通过透射电子显微分析和Ｘ射线衍射分析对Ｃｕ－５２Ｔｉ（％，原子分数，下同）合金的调幅分解过程进行了研究。确认调幅分解是Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ合金相变初期的过程之一。盐水淬冷不能抑制调幅分解，淬火态调幅波长约为５７ｎｍ。研究表明，调幅分解与调幅组织的长大是两个完全不同的过程，分别属于连续相变和非连续相变。这两个过程的波长长大动力学均符合λ３－λ３０＝ｋｔ定律，长大激活能分别为１７６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ和１３４ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。电镜下看到的调幅组织不能作为调幅分解发生的判据。     

关于贝氏体形核和台阶机制的讨论--与徐祖耀院士等商榷

一些合金固溶化(或淬水)后在预贝氏体(孕育)期内等温淬火(或时效)，既保持高温时形成的晶体缺陷，又产生新的晶体缺陷。母相中由于溶质原子扩散而在缺陷处发生偏聚，则形成贫／富溶质微区，即类拐点(spinoclal—like)分解。当贫溶质微区成分作为Ms，其温度等于或高于等温淬火(或时效)温度时，贝氏体将以马氏体样切变形核，故贝氏体是在溶质原子扩散控制下切变形核。在TEM温台试验中未发现台阶生长机制，界面上巨型台阶是贝氏体增宽(厚)速度差异所致。     

Thermal decomposition kinetics and lifetime of the complex of Tb2（BA）6（PHEN）2

The thermal behavior of Tb2(BA)6(PHEN)2 (BA: benzoate, and PHEN: 1,10-phenanthroline) in a static air atmospbere was investigated by TG-DTG, SEM and IR techniques. By the kinetic method of processing thermal analysis data put forward by Malek et al., it is defined that the kinetic model for the first-step thermal decomposition is SB(m, n). The activation energy E for this step reaction is 99.07 kJ/mol, the entropy of activation ΔS^≠ is -84.72 J/mol, the enthalpy of activation ΔH^≠ is 94.26 kJ/mol, the free energy of activation ΔG^≠ is 144.77 kJ/mol and the pre-exponential factor lnA is 20.93.The lifetime equation at mass-loss of 10% was deduced as lnτ = -29.0312 19760.83/T by isothermal thermogravimetric analysis.     

甲基偶氮四唑热稳定性和热分解机理的量子化学研究

采用量子化学方法全优化计算了1—甲基—5—偶氮四唑(1—MAT)和2—甲基—5—偶氮四唑(2—MAT)热分解反应位能曲线，探讨了热稳定性和分解机理。热分解活化能计算值分别为245．9，183．2k／mo1，静态分子结构和动态分解性质都显示出1—MAT比2—MAT有更好的热稳定性。裂解优先以开环方式发生。     

Determination of Binder Decomposition Kinetics for Specifying Heating Parameters in Binder Burnout Cycles

The decomposition kinetics of poly(vinyl butyral) binder from barium titanate multilayer ceramic capacitors with platinum metal electrodes were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis as a function of the heating rate. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor for the decomposition kinetics were determined from two types of integral equations, from the Redhead method, and from the variation in heating rate method. The accuracy of the kinetic parameters determined from these methods was then evaluated for describing the observed rate of binder decomposition. Although the individual models yielded very different kinetic parameters, all were capable of describing the experimental data within ±15% accuracy. The kinetic parameters were then used in a coupled transport and kinetic model for describing the buildup of pressure within the ceramic green body as a function of the heating cycle. A methodology based on calculus of variations was also developed to predict the minimum duration for the binder burnout cycle.     

Mathematical models of the thermal decomposition of coal: 6. Effect of blend composition on coke strength

A mathematical model to predict the strength of a coke manufactured from a blend of coals is proposed. The model operates in terms of ‘bond strengths’ between the constituents. The magnitudes of these bond strengths may be determined from the strengths of cokes manufactured from the individual constituents and from a limited number of binary blends. The model has been applied to predictions of the M₁₀ index of coke strength for binary and ternary blends, and the predictions are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. In particular, the model is able to account for the behaviour of incompatible coals and bridging coals in blends.     

复分解四步循环法制取硫酸钾新工艺

介绍了制取硫酸钾的一种新工艺－－复分解四步循环法，即氯化钾与硫酸铵反应生成硫酸钾铵与氯化铵钾，硫酸钾铵再与氯化钾溶液反应生成硫酸钾，氯化铵钾再与硫酸铵溶液反应生成氯化铵。整个工艺全封闭循环生产，产品硫酸钾K2O质量分数≥50％，钾收率达92％。     

尿素分解加热器清洗剂的研制和应用小结

针对一分加污垢的特点，通过实验，研制了以有机酸为主要成份的尿素分解加热器清洗剂及清洗工艺，并进行了４台次加热器的清洗，取得了较好的效果。此清洗方法具有工艺简单、安全、分析控制容易、费用低廉的特点。     

氢氧化铝微粉生产过程中晶种分解的研究

晶种分解是种分法生产氢氧化铝微粉的工序，介绍了控制铝酸钠精制液的分解温度、分解时间、搅拌强度等条件并添加特制的高活性晶种做晶种生产优质氢氧化铝微粉的生产过程，并通过对几个月的生产跟踪分析研究，得出氢氧化铝微粉的晶种分解主要与晶种的质量和数量、分解温度、分解时间及搅拌强度等因素有关，这对于进一步完善氢氧化铝微粉的生产工艺起到很大的作用。